1、Designation: F 2303 03Standard Practice forSelection of Gravity Sewers Suitable for Installation ofOptical Fiber Cable and Conduits1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2303; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of r
2、evision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice specifically addresses the criteria fordetermining the suitability of gravity sewe
3、rs for secondary usessuch as the installation of optical fiber systems.1.1.1 This practice applies to the process of selecting gravitysewers that are appropriate for accepting an optical fibersystem as opposed to standards for the installation, operationand maintenance of such system within sewers.1
4、.2 This practice applies to both man accessible and maninaccessible sewer systems.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values provided in parentheses are forinformation purposes only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,
5、if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 543 Test Method for Resistance of Plastics t
6、o ChemicalReagents2D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlastics2F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping System3ASTM Safety DocumentReference to be Announced2.2 Other Documents:“Gravity Sanitary Sewer Design and Construction,” Manualof Practice No. FD-5, ASCE Recommended Specific
7、a-tions for Sewer Collection System Rehabilitation(NASCCO Standard)Sewer Rehabilitation Manual (SRM) produced by the WaterResearch Center (WRc, Swindon, England)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F 412and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D 1600,unless ot
8、herwise specified.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 combined sewerssewers that carry both wastewaterand storm or surface water.3.2.2 engineerthe licensed professional designated by theowner/operator of the sewer system to represent the owners/operators interests during the sel
9、ection process.3.2.3 installerthe person(s) or body installing the opticalfiber system within the sewer.3.2.4 manholesvertical shafts to connect intersecting sew-ers to allow transitions in size, alignment and grade and toallow entry to the sewers for cleaning, inspection, and main-tenance.3.2.5 opt
10、ical fiber cablecable formed of many strands ofoptical fiber for transmission of data, video, audio, voice, andother information.3.2.6 optical fiber conduitfully-supported tubes suitablyaffixed to or suitably incorporated into the wall structure of thesewer.3.2.7 optical fiber systemthe complete set
11、 of installedoptical fiber components including cable, conduit and attach-ment components.3.2.8 owner/operatorthe person(s) or body charged withmaintenance and operation of the sewer system.3.2.9 sanitary sewerssewers that carry wastewater fromusers to the treatment plant.3.2.10 service lateralporti
12、on of the sewer system thatconnects a user to the sewer.3.2.11 sewerburied piping designed to carry wastewateror storm run-off.3.2.12 storm sewerssewers that carry storm or surfacewater away from roadways or structures to waterways.4. Summary of Practice4.1 Optical fiber cable and conduit systems in
13、 existingsewers shall be designed and installed so that they have aminimal effect on the sewers hydraulic performance and noeffect on their structural integrity. Their design and installation1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F36 on Technologyand Underground Utilities and is
14、the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F36.10on Installation and Operation of Fiber Optic Cables in Existing Sewers.Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2003. Published October 2003.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04.1Copyright ASTM International, 10
15、0 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.shall also allow for the safe and efficient operation andmaintenance of the sewer, and provide for the safe and efficientoperation of the optical fiber system. The ultimate success ofthe installation and operation of o
16、ptical fiber and sewer systemsdepends upon the proper evaluation and selection of appropri-ate sewers. The steps in the process include the followingitems:4.1.1 Cleaning,4.1.2 Inspection and evaluation of the sewers which arecandidates for optical fiber cable or conduit installation,4.1.3 Selection
17、of sewer route, and4.1.4 Documentation of cable routing.5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice is intended to assist engineers and sewerowner/operators in determining the suitability of sewers for asecondary use as hosts for optical fiber cables and conduits. Itmust be kept in mind that the primar
18、y use of the sewers is tocarry wastewater and/or storm water. Any secondary use of thesystem shall not significantly impair the primary use. It is up tothe engineer to decide upon any exceptions that may beinvolved in the selection process.5.2 Before the selection procedure begins, the installer mus
19、thave explicit authorization from the owner/operator allowingan evaluation to be conducted for the installation of opticalfiber cables or conduits within their sewer system.5.3 Engineers and owners should also be cognizant of howthe installation of optical fiber cable or conduits will impact thefutu
20、re operational, maintenance and rehabilitation needs of thesewers.6. Sewer Selection Procedure6.1 Cleaning and Flow Bypass:6.1.1 Requirement to CleanPrior to selection of a candi-date sewer, the sewer must be thoroughly cleaned to allow forproper inspection and evaluation according to the selectionc
21、riteria outlined below. The National Association of SewerServices Companies (NASSCO) provides a helpful standard.This cleaning process shall be performed with the equipmentrecommended by the optical fiber installer as being compatible(see 6.1.3). The cleaning process then serves as a test of theeffe
22、ctiveness of the cleaning equipment as well as allowing theinspection of the integrity of the sewer.6.1.2 Exceptions to Cleaning RequirementIn cases wherethe pipe has recently been cleaned or has been recentlyinstalled, the cleaning requirement may be waived by mutualconsent of the system owner and
23、optical fiber system installer.6.1.3 Requirement for CompatibilityThe installer shallrecommend compatible sewer-cleaning methods to the owner/operator. Such methods shall be compatible with both theexisting pipeline (material and condition) and with the opticalfiber system, and shall be effective in
24、 maintaining the operationof the sewer without compromising the performance of thesewer. The installer shall provide written assurance of thesuitability for use of these methods throughout the term that theoptical fiber system remains installed in the sewer.6.1.4 Requirement to BypassUnless otherwis
25、e agreed bythe owner/operator, the flow in the candidate sewer must betemporarily stopped or fully bypassed prior to inspection toallow for a complete examination and evaluation of the internalpipe circumference.6.2 Inspection:6.2.1 TelevisingThe inspection of the sewer system andappurtenances shall
26、 be accomplished by means of a closedcircuit television system (CCTV) or other equivalent technol-ogy. Records of the inspection in analog or digital format willbe maintained and forwarded to the system owner/operator inthe selection report.6.2.1.1 Visual QualityThe visual quality will be such as to
27、allow determination of the presence of cracks, separated joints,grease, deposits, sags, high water marks, infiltration, corrosion,and root intrusion.6.2.1.2 Distance RecordingThe distance from the startingpoint of each inspection run must be designated by a specificreference (for example, middle of
28、manhole) acceptable to theowner/operator.6.2.1.3 Acceptability of Digital Optical Scanning (NewTechnology)If acceptable to the owner, digital optical scan-ning may be substituted for CCTV. The requirement for degreeof resolution and recording of data remains the same as forCCTV methods.6.2.1.4 Repli
29、cable System Assessment MethodThemethod used to document the presence and severity of sewerfaults shall be replicable. Unless otherwise specified by theowner/operator, a standard fault coding system such as theWRc Standard Fault Code (or equivalent) may be used tosatisfy this criterion. The system s
30、elected should be capable ofdocumenting, at a minimum, the presence and severity of thefollowing types of faults: longitudinal cracks, radial cracks,breaks, gapped joints, damaged seals, infiltration/inflow, sags,levels of corrosion, out-of-round pipe, and uneven slopes.6.2.1.5 Requirement for Train
31、ed ProfessionalThe inspec-tion operator shall be a trained individual with suitableprofessional qualifications (for example, NASCCO certifica-tion) to provide a qualified inspection opinion as to faultcoding.6.3 Sewer Selection Criteria:6.3.1 The data from the inspection and evaluation should beused
32、 to identify the sewer sections and manholes suitable forinstallation of optical fiber cables and conduits. The candidatesewer must meet minimum criteria based upon hydraulic,structural, operations and maintenance, and flow chemistryanalysis. Those sections not meeting the selection criteria shallbe
33、 rejected, suitably repaired or rehabilitated, or otherwisemodified and re-inspected. Otherwise, an alternative route shallbe selected in order for the project to receive recommendation.6.3.2 Requirement for Professional OpinionThe individu-al(s) reviewing the inspection video and evaluating the sew
34、eras a potential candidate for optical fiber cables and conduitsmust be a professional engineer or qualified individual accept-able to the owner/operator who has both the training andexperience in sewer assessment required to provide a qualifiedopinion on the suitability of the sewer in accordance w
35、ith theselection criteria.F23030326.3.3 Selection CriteriaThe evaluation of candidate sew-ers requires careful consideration, research and review of thefollowing criteria:6.3.3.1 HydraulicsThe analysis must address the feasibil-ity of installing optical fiber cables and/or conduits undercurrent flow
36、 conditions and provide an assessment of theimpact of optical fiber cable and conduit installations underboth current and future design flow conditions, as determinedby the owner/operator.(1) Unless otherwise determined by the owner/operator, thedesign flow requirement must be satisfied at 50 % full
37、 forsanitary and storm sewers less than 15-in. diameter, and 75 %full for larger pipes.(2) The pipe must be investigated for service history,unusual scouring, corrosion, grease buildup, dry-weather highflow, dry-weather low flow, wet-weather high flow, flowvelocity, debris load, root intrusion, over
38、flows, blockages,maintenance history, protruding laterals, hydraulic jumps, tur-bulence, sags, infiltration, curves, and any other factor that mayaffect the installation or maintenance of optical fiber cables andconduits.(3) The analysis must also consider anticipated future flowrequirements in term
39、s of capacity and changes tributary to thepipe. This may occur when the pipe is used as a relief line toaccept diverted flow from parallel sewers, or as industrialdischarge is added to the system or as the sewer demandincreases with population increases and development.(4) Any non-structural defects
40、 (such as root intrusion,protruding laterals or infiltration) must be repaired to allow apipe to remain a candidate for optical fiber system installation.6.3.3.2 StructuralThe pipeline and appurtenances must bestructurally stable and capable of resisting all external loads.(1) Pipes with dispersed s
41、hort, hairline cracks or otherminor defects are generally considered structurally soundprovided the defects appear stable, there is no evidence of soilloss and there is no active infiltration. These pipes arecandidates for optical fiber system installation.(2) Characteristics that require further in
42、vestigation andpotential repairs include open cracks, offsets, deflection/flattening (refer to applicable product piping standard forlimits), voids, missing pieces, infiltration and heavy corrosion.Pipes determined to be structurally challenged by the engineermust be suitably repaired or rehabilitat
43、ed in order to remaincandidates for optical fiber system installation.6.3.3.3 Operations and Maintenance (O conduits; criteria; fiber in sewers; gravity; instal-lation; selection; sewers; suitabilityASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connect
44、ion with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsibl
45、e technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful cons
46、ideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 B
47、arr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F2303034
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