1、Designation: F 2303 03 (Reapproved 2009)Standard Practice forSelection of Gravity Sewers Suitable for Installation ofOptical Fiber Cable and Conduits1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2303; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or
2、, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice specifically addresses the criteria fordetermining the suitabilit
3、y of gravity sewers for secondary usessuch as the installation of optical fiber systems.1.1.1 This practice applies to the process of selecting gravitysewers that are appropriate for accepting an optical fibersystem as opposed to standards for the installation, operationand maintenance of such syste
4、m within sewers.1.2 This practice applies to both man accessible and maninaccessible sewer systems.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concer
5、ns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 543 Practices for Evaluating the Resist
6、ance of Plastics toChemical ReagentsD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsF 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems2.2 Other Documents:NASSCO Standard “Gravity Sanitary Sewer Design andConstruction,” Manual of Practice No. FD-5, ASCE Rec-ommended Specifications for S
7、ewer Collection SystemRehabilitationSewer Rehabilitation Manual (SRM) produced by the WaterResearch Center (WRc, Swindon, England)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F 412and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D 1600,unless otherwise specified.3.2 Definitio
8、ns of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 combined sewerssewers that carry both wastewaterand storm or surface water.3.2.2 engineerthe licensed professional designated by theowner/operator of the sewer system to represent the owners/operators interests during the selection process.3.2.3 installert
9、he person(s) or body installing the opticalfiber system within the sewer.3.2.4 manholesvertical shafts to connect intersecting sew-ers to allow transitions in size, alignment and grade and toallow entry to the sewers for cleaning, inspection, and main-tenance.3.2.5 optical fiber cablecable formed of
10、 many strands ofoptical fiber for transmission of data, video, audio, voice, andother information.3.2.6 optical fiber conduitfully-supported tubes suitablyaffixed to or suitably incorporated into the wall structure of thesewer.3.2.7 optical fiber systemthe complete set of installedoptical fiber comp
11、onents including cable, conduit and attach-ment components.3.2.8 owner/operatorthe person(s) or body charged withmaintenance and operation of the sewer system.3.2.9 sanitary sewerssewers that carry wastewater fromusers to the treatment plant.3.2.10 service lateralportion of the sewer system thatconn
12、ects a user to the sewer.3.2.11 sewerburied piping designed to carry wastewateror storm run-off.3.2.12 storm sewerssewers that carry storm or surfacewater away from roadways or structures to waterways.4. Summary of Practice4.1 Optical fiber cable and conduit systems in existingsewers shall be design
13、ed and installed so that they have aminimal effect on the sewers hydraulic performance and noeffect on their structural integrity. Their design and installationshall also allow for the safe and efficient operation and1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F36 on Technologyand Und
14、erground Utilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F36.10on Optical Fiber Systems within Existing Infrastructure.Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published June 2009. Originallyapproved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F 2303 03.2For referenced ASTM standards,
15、 visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 194
16、28-2959, United States.maintenance of the sewer, and provide for the safe and efficientoperation of the optical fiber system. The ultimate success ofthe installation and operation of optical fiber and sewer systemsdepends upon the proper evaluation and selection of appropri-ate sewers. The steps in
17、the process include the followingitems:4.1.1 Cleaning,4.1.2 Inspection and evaluation of the sewers which arecandidates for optical fiber cable or conduit installation,4.1.3 Selection of sewer route, and4.1.4 Documentation of cable routing.5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice is intended to assi
18、st engineers and sewerowner/operators in determining the suitability of sewers for asecondary use as hosts for optical fiber cables and conduits. Itmust be kept in mind that the primary use of the sewers is tocarry wastewater or storm water, or both.Any secondary use ofthe system shall not significa
19、ntly impair the primary use. It isup to the engineer to decide upon any exceptions that may beinvolved in the selection process.5.2 Before the selection procedure begins, the installer musthave explicit authorization from the owner/operator allowingan evaluation to be conducted for the installation
20、of opticalfiber cables or conduits within their sewer system.5.3 Engineers and owners should also be cognizant of howthe installation of optical fiber cable or conduits will impact thefuture operational, maintenance, and rehabilitation needs of thesewers.6. Sewer Selection Procedure6.1 Cleaning and
21、Flow Bypass:6.1.1 Requirement to CleanPrior to selection of a candi-date sewer, the sewer must be thoroughly cleaned to allow forproper inspection and evaluation according to the selectioncriteria outlined below. The National Association of SewerServices Companies (NASSCO) provides a helpful standar
22、d(NASSCO Standard). This cleaning process shall be performedwith the equipment recommended by the optical fiber installeras being compatible (see 6.1.3). The cleaning process thenserves as a test of the effectiveness of the cleaning equipmentas well as allowing the inspection of the integrity of the
23、 sewer.6.1.2 Exceptions to Cleaning RequirementIn cases wherethe pipe has recently been cleaned or has been recentlyinstalled, the cleaning requirement may be waived by mutualconsent of the system owner and optical fiber system installer.6.1.3 Requirement for CompatibilityThe installer shallrecommen
24、d compatible sewer-cleaning methods to the owner/operator. Such methods shall be compatible with both theexisting pipeline (material and condition) and with the opticalfiber system, and shall be effective in maintaining the operationof the sewer without compromising the performance of thesewer. The
25、installer shall provide written assurance of thesuitability for use of these methods throughout the term that theoptical fiber system remains installed in the sewer.6.1.4 Requirement to BypassUnless otherwise agreed bythe owner/operator, the flow in the candidate sewer must betemporarily stopped or
26、fully bypassed prior to inspection toallow for a complete examination and evaluation of the internalpipe circumference.6.2 Inspection:6.2.1 TelevisingThe inspection of the sewer system andappurtenances shall be accomplished by means of a closedcircuit television system (CCTV) or other equivalent tec
27、hnol-ogy. Records of the inspection in analog or digital format willbe maintained and forwarded to the system owner/operator inthe selection report.6.2.1.1 Visual QualityThe visual quality will be such as toallow determination of the presence of cracks, separated joints,grease, deposits, sags, high
28、water marks, infiltration, corrosion,and root intrusion.6.2.1.2 Distance RecordingThe distance from the startingpoint of each inspection run must be designated by a specificreference (for example, middle of manhole) acceptable to theowner/operator.6.2.1.3 Acceptability of Digital Optical Scanning (N
29、ewTechnology)If acceptable to the owner, digital optical scan-ning may be substituted for CCTV. The requirement for degreeof resolution and recording of data remains the same as forCCTV methods.6.2.1.4 Replicable System Assessment MethodThemethod used to document the presence and severity of sewerfa
30、ults shall be replicable. Unless otherwise specified by theowner/operator, a standard fault coding system such as theWRc Standard Fault Code (or equivalent) may be used tosatisfy this criterion. The system selected should be capable ofdocumenting, at a minimum, the presence and severity of thefollow
31、ing types of faults: longitudinal cracks, radial cracks,breaks, gapped joints, damaged seals, infiltration/inflow, sags,levels of corrosion, out-of-round pipe, and uneven slopes.6.2.1.5 Requirement for Trained ProfessionalThe inspec-tion operator shall be a trained individual with suitableprofession
32、al qualifications (for example, NASSCO certifica-tion) to provide a qualified inspection opinion as to faultcoding.6.3 Sewer Selection Criteria:6.3.1 The data from the inspection and evaluation should beused to identify the sewer sections and manholes suitable forinstallation of optical fiber cables
33、 and conduits. The candidatesewer must meet minimum criteria based upon hydraulic,structural, operations and maintenance, and flow chemistryanalysis. Those sections not meeting the selection criteria shallbe rejected, suitably repaired or rehabilitated, or otherwisemodified and re-inspected. Otherwi
34、se, an alternative route shallbe selected in order for the project to receive recommendation.6.3.2 Requirement for Professional OpinionThe individu-al(s) reviewing the inspection video and evaluating the seweras a potential candidate for optical fiber cables and conduitsmust be a professional engine
35、er or qualified individual accept-able to the owner/operator who has both the training andexperience in sewer assessment required to provide a qualifiedopinion on the suitability of the sewer in accordance with theselection criteria.F 2303 03 (2009)26.3.3 Selection CriteriaThe evaluation of candidat
36、e sew-ers requires careful consideration, research and review of thefollowing criteria:6.3.3.1 HydraulicsThe analysis must address the feasibil-ity of installing optical fiber cables or conduits, or both, undercurrent flow conditions and provide an assessment of theimpact of optical fiber cable and
37、conduit installations underboth current and future design flow conditions, as determinedby the owner/operator.(1) Unless otherwise determined by the owner/operator, thedesign flow requirement must be satisfied at 50 % full forsanitary and storm sewers less than 15-in. diameter, and 75 %full for larg
38、er pipes.(2) The pipe must be investigated for service history,unusual scouring, corrosion, grease buildup, dry-weather highflow, dry-weather low flow, wet-weather high flow, flowvelocity, debris load, root intrusion, overflows, blockages,maintenance history, protruding laterals, hydraulic jumps, tu
39、r-bulence, sags, infiltration, curves, and any other factor that mayaffect the installation or maintenance of optical fiber cables andconduits.(3) The analysis must also consider anticipated future flowrequirements in terms of capacity and changes tributary to thepipe. This may occur when the pipe i
40、s used as a relief line toaccept diverted flow from parallel sewers, or as industrialdischarge is added to the system or as the sewer demandincreases with population increases and development.(4) Any non-structural defects (such as root intrusion,protruding laterals or infiltration) must be repaired
41、 to allow apipe to remain a candidate for optical fiber system installation.6.3.3.2 StructuralThe pipeline and appurtenances must bestructurally stable and capable of resisting all external loads.(1) Pipes with dispersed short, hairline cracks or otherminor defects are generally considered structura
42、lly soundprovided the defects appear stable, there is no evidence of soilloss and there is no active infiltration. These pipes arecandidates for optical fiber system installation.(2) Characteristics that require further investigation andpotential repairs include open cracks, offsets, deflection/flat
43、tening (refer to applicable product piping standard forlimits), voids, missing pieces, infiltration and heavy corrosion.Pipes determined to be structurally challenged by the engineermust be suitably repaired or rehabilitated in order to remaincandidates for optical fiber system installation.6.3.3.3
44、Operations and Maintenance (O conduits; criteria; fiber in sewers; gravity; instal-lation; selection; sewers; suitabilityASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expres
45、sly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised,
46、 either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may at
47、tend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F 2303 03 (2009)4
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