1、Designation: F 2322 03Standard Test Methods forPhysical Assault on Vertical Fixed Barriers for Detentionand Correctional Facilities1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2322; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of r
2、evision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover requirements for simulatedservice tests and testing equipment for deter
3、mining the perfor-mance characteristics of walls designed to incarcerate inmatesin detention and correctional institutions. The testing equip-ment provides for the setup and testing of two sample fixedbarriers side-by-side, one with no openings and one equippedwith a representative penetration in ac
4、cordance with theAmerican Correctional Association (ACA) standard for clearview area of 3 ft2(0.279 m2), 12 in. (305 mm) wide by 36 in.(914 mm) high.1.2 It is the intent of these test methods to help ensure thatdetention security walls perform at or above minimum accept-able levels to control passag
5、e of unauthorized or secure areas,to confine inmates, to delay and frustrate escape attempts, andto resist vandalism. It is recognized that in order to meet theintent of these test methods, opening assemblies within thesewalls must be compatible with the level of performancerequired by: Test Methods
6、 F 1450, F 1592, and F 1643.1.3 These test methods apply to walls enclosing or separat-ing secure areas of detention/correctional facilities.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The SI values given in parentheses areapproximate and for information only.1.5 Thi
7、s standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Document
8、s2.1 ASTM Standards:F 1450 Test Methods for Hollow Metal Swinging DoorAssemblies for Detention Facilities2F 1592 Test Methods for Detention Hollow Metal VisionSystems2F 1643 Test Methods for Detention Sliding Door LockingDevice Assembly2F 1915 Test Methods for Glazing for Detention Facilities22.2 UL
9、 Standard:UL-752 Bullet Resisting Equipment32.3 ANSI Standard:ANSI/HMMA 863 Guide Specifications for Detention Se-curity Hollow Metal Doors and Frames43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 detention securityassurance of the restriction ofmobility of inmates to designated areas within a correctional or
10、detention facility.3.1.2 forcible egressan opening created in the test wallwhich allows a 5 in. (127 mm) by 8 in. (203 mm) by 8 in. (203mm) rigid rectangular box to be passed through it with no morethan 10 lbf (44.5 N) of force.3.1.3 manufacturerthe party responsible for the construc-tion, fabricati
11、on, or supply of the test samples or componentsused to construct the test samples.3.1.4 performance characteristicthe response of the wallin any one of the tests described herein.3.1.5 test completionconduct one test sequence for eachwall.3.1.6 testing laboratoryan independent third party mate-rials
12、 testing laboratory.4. Significance and Use4.1 A major concern for administrative officials is thesecurity of barriers used in detention/correctional facilities.These test methods are designed to aid in identifying levels ofphysical security for walls which enclose or separate secureareas. This does
13、 not apply to the passage of contraband.4.2 These test methods are not intended to provide ameasure of resistance for a wall subjected to attack bycorrosive agents, by high-powered rifles, explosives, sawing,1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F33 onDetention and Correct
14、ional Facilities and are the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee F33.02 on Physical Barriers.Current edition approved July 10, 2003. Published August 2003.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.08.3Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Corporate Progress, 333Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL
15、 60062.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.or other such methods. These test methods are intended toevaluate the r
16、esistance of a wall to violent attacks by sustainedmanpower using battering devices, such as benches, bunks, ortables, and by handguns up to and including .44 magnum.Attacks from the outside and fire resistance ratings are notaddressed in this standard.4.3 The primary purpose or result of these test
17、 methods is toapproximate the levels of abuse to which walls will potentiallybe subjected in the field. The desired result of its use is to helpprovide assurance of protection to the public, to facilityadministrative personnel, and to the inmates themselves.4.4 It is recommended that detention/corre
18、ctional facilityadministration provide adequate training, supervision, andpreventative maintenance programs to enable walls to functionas intended throughout the expected service life.5. Sampling5.1 Sample wall shall be constructed in accordance with 6.1.5.2 Test reports shall include complete detai
19、ls of the testsamples, details, photographs, or a combination thereof, of thetesting apparatus and installation or construction instructions(see Section 9).5.3 In the event of failure in one or more of the performancetests, the manufacturer shall provide another complete testsample or shall continue
20、 testing in another location on the wall,subject to the direction of the testing laboratory.6. Specimen Preparation6.1 Construction:6.1.1 The construction of the test wall shall be representa-tive of the wall as it will be placed in service.6.1.2 Required results indicated in Table 1 are based upon
21、asample size of 8 ft (2438 mm) high by 8 ft (2438 mm) wide 64 in. (102 mm).6.2 Impact Test Fixture:6.2.1 The test wall support fixture shall simulate the rigiditynormally provided to a wall in a building by the ceiling, floor,and adjoining walls (Figs. 1-4). The inclusion of load bearingconditions o
22、n the test wall is at the manufacturers option.6.2.2 The fixture is designed to accommodate two testsamples; however, it is permissible to construct a test fixturethat accommodates one sample only, if the manufacturer sochooses.6.2.3 Description of the Test WallThe test wall shall beconstructed and
23、mounted in a vertical wall test fixture and shallbe supported as described in 6.2.1 throughout the testingprocedure. The wall specification shall be included as part ofthe test report.6.3 Wall Construction or Mounting for Impact Testing:6.3.1 Construct or install the test walls as shown in Figs.1-4.
24、 Position the impact test ram on the outside of the fixture inpreparation to administer the series of impacts described in 7.2.7. Procedures7.1 Bullet Penetration:7.1.1 ScopeThis test is designed to evaluate the capabilityof a test wall to resist the ballistic attack of a .44 magnum(Level 3) handgun
25、.7.1.2 Significance and UseThis test is intended to simu-late a field situation whereby one or more firearms are beingused to attack a fixed barrier. The handgun is considered themost reasonably attainable firearm and the calibre, .44 mag-num, is considered to be the most powerful that will potentia
26、llybe reasonably attainable during a mass disturbance or riotwithin a detention or correctional facility.7.1.3 When specified by the contract documents of adetention/correctional facility project, the wall samples forbullet penetration shall be tested in accordance with StandardUL-752. A representat
27、ive sample based upon the wall construc-tion under investigation shall be tested. Minimum size shall be3 ft, 0 in. (914 mm) by 3 ft, 0 in. (914 mm).7.1.4 The level of performance shall meet the rating .44magnum, Level 3.7.1.5 The pass/fail criteria shall be in accordance withStandard UL-752.7.2 Wall
28、 System Impact Test:7.2.1 ScopeThis test method is designed to evaluate thecapability of a complete test wall to resist repetitive impactforces at the designated critical areas.7.2.2 Significance and Use:7.2.2.1 This test method is intended to closely simulate asustained battering ram style attack a
29、nd provide an evaluationof the capability of the assembly to prevent, delay, and frustrateescape or access, or both, to unauthorized areas. The test shallbe permitted to be used to aid in identifying a level of physicalsecurity for various configurations of walls.7.2.2.2 An impact test of this desig
30、n performed on acomplete test wall evaluates the impact fatigue strength and thequality of construction and fabrication techniques as well as thestrengths of materials used.7.2.3 Apparatus:7.2.3.1 The steel impact ram shall be equipped to beincorporated into a hinged or pivoted swinging pendulumsyst
31、em that is capable of delivering the required impact energyof 200 ft-lbf (271.2 J) to the test wall. The combined weight ofthe impact ram (Fig. 5) and either the blunt or the sharpimpactor (see Figs. 6 and 7) shall be 80 lb (36.3 kg) 6 0.25 lb(0.10 kg). The drop height (Fig. 1) of the ram shall be 3
32、1 in.(762 mm) 6 1 in. (25.4 mm) to create the required impactenergy at the bottom of the arc and at the point of contact withthe test wall. The angle of the suspension cables, rods, arm orchains shall be no greater than 45 off vertical when the ram isin the raised position. All pivot points in the s
33、uspension systemmust be in good repair and well lubricated to minimize frictionlosses that could reduce the impact energy being delivered tothe test sample.7.2.3.2 Large Blunt ImpactorThe large blunt impactorshall be fabricated from C1010-C1020 carbon steel and shallTABLE 1 Security Grades and Impac
34、t Load RequirementsGradeNo.Number ofImpactsARepresentative BarrierDuration Time(see X4.1)1 600 60 min.2 400 40 min.3 200 20 min.4 100 10 min.ANumber of impacts equally divided between blunt impactor (first sequence)and sharp impactor, applied in cyclic sequences of 50 impacts each.F2322032be attacha
35、ble to the steel impact ram in accordance with Fig. 6.The striking surface of the impactor shall have a surface areaof 4 6 0.04 in.2(101.6 6 1.02 mm2) and shall have roundededges similar to a 10 lb (4.54 kg) sledgehammer head.FIG. 1 Fixture and Test Wall PanelsSide ViewFIG. 2 Fixture and Test Wall P
36、anelsFront ViewF23220337.2.3.3 Sharp ImpactorThe sharp impactor shall be fab-ricated from C1010-C1020 carbon steel and shall be attachableto the steel impact ram in accordance with Fig. 7. Thesharpness of the impact point shall be similar to the end of anew Firemans axe at the beginning of the test
37、sequence.7.2.4 Procedure:FIG. 3 Section A-A from Fig. 2FIG. 4 Section B-B from Fig. 2F23220347.2.4.1 With the test fixture and test apparatus, deliver theseries of impacts listed in Table 1 to the test wall.7.2.4.2 Construct or mount two 8 ft (2438 mm) high by 8 ft(2438 mm) 6 4 in. (102 mm) wide tes
38、t wall panels supportedon all four sides in each half of the wall test fixture illustratedin Fig. 2. If the wall design requires control joints or seams,one will be included in the test wall for the purpose of testing.7.2.4.3 Construct one of the wall panels with no openingsand the other wall panel
39、with a monolithic steel impact panel,acting as a simulated window, installed using anchoringtechniques suitable to the wall construction and consistent withANSI/HMMA-863. The clear opening size shall be: 12 in. (305mm) wide by 36 in. (914 mm) high.7.2.4.4 Apply the required number of impacts in acco
40、rdancewith Table 1 to the test panel #1. If there are no predicted weakpoints in the solid panel, apply the impacts to a target area tobe selected by the test agent at the time of the test. If there arepredicted weak points such as seams, unsupported edges, orother types of wall joints, apply the im
41、pacts at one of thoselocations. Repeatability of impact location during each seriesshall be 62 in. (50 mm) horizontally and vertically from thedesignated impact target. Using the test apparatus in accor-dance with 7.2.3, begin the series of strikes against the selectedtarget area of the test wall fo
42、r the number of required impacts,first with the blunt impactor followed by the sharp impactor onthe pendulum in cyclic sequences of 50 impacts each. Therequired impact energy for the blunt impactor is 200 ft-lbf(271.2 J) per impact and the required impact energy for thesharp impactor is 100 ft-lbf (
43、135.6 J) per impact. During thetest, reposition the pendulum as necessary to produce themaximum possible duress on the test wall, leading to wallfailure. The time for repositioning and change of impact headsis not to be included in the test duration time. Record thenumber of strikes required to prod
44、uce the first penetration ofthe panel, and the number of strikes required to produce anopening large enough to achieve forcible egress.7.2.4.5 Apply the required number of impacts in accordancewith Table 1 to the test panel #2, which is equipped with theimpact panel. Apply the prescribed number of i
45、mpacts at acorner of the impact panel. The corner to be tested shall beNOTETo prevent shifting during test procedures, any material added inside or outside the ram to satisfy the weight requirement shall be rigidlyattached.FIG. 5 Steel Impact RamFIG. 6 Large Blunt ImpactorF2322035selected by the tes
46、ting laboratory at the time of the test.Repeatability of impact location during each series shall be 62in. (50 mm) horizontally and vertically from the designatedimpact target. Using the test apparatus in accordance with7.2.3, begin the series of strikes against the selected target areaof the test w
47、all for the number of required impacts, first withthe blunt impactor followed by the sharp impactor on thependulum in cyclic sequences of 50 impacts each. The requiredimpact energy for the blunt impactor is 200 ft-lbf (271.2 J) perimpact; and the required impact energy for the sharp impactoris 100 f
48、t-lbf (135.6 J) per impact. During the test, reposition thependulum as necessary to produce the maximum possibleduress on the test wall, which is predicted to lead to wallfailure. Record the number of strikes required to produce thefirst penetration of the wall, and the number of strikes requiredto
49、produce an opening large enough to achieve forcible egress.7.2.4.6 The wall must remain in place throughout the testingprocedure. Failure is constituted by the wall being damaged tothe extent that forcible egress can be achieved.7.2.5 Precision and Bias:7.2.5.1 The precision and bias of this test method forevaluating the impact fatigue strength of the wall cannot bedetermined until sufficient testing is done.8. Certification8.1 The manufacturer shall provide test reports by anindependent testing laboratory which certify that the test wallswere successfully tested in a
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