1、Designation: F 2349 04Standard Practice forOperation and Maintenance of Integrated Natural GasPipelines and Optical Fiber Systems1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2349; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of rev
2、ision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the operation and maintenance ofnatural gas distribution and service pipeline
3、s containing opticalfiber cable and the operation and maintenance of the opticalfiber system.1.2 This practice applies to distribution and service linesused to transport natural gas.1.3 This practice does not apply to natural gas transmissionlines.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of
4、 thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 Referenced Documents:Federal Code of Reg
5、ulations Title 49, Part 1922IEC 60825-1 Ed. 1.2 en 2001 Safety of Laser ProductsPart 1: Equipment Classification, Requirements and Us-ers Guide3IEC 60050-731 Electrotechnical Vocabulary: Optical FiberCommunications3ANSI Z 117.1-2003 Safety Requirements for ConfinedSpaces4OSHA Regulation 29 CFR Part
6、1910.146 Permit-RequiredConfined Spaces53. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 CFRUnited States Code of Federal Regulations.3.1.2 class locationthe specific criteria for Class Loca-tions 1, 2, 3, and 4 as defined in CFR 192.5.3.1.3 conduitplastic tubing used to house optical fibercable that is connecte
7、d to, but not inside of, a pipeline.3.1.4 confined spacean enclosed area that is large enoughand so configured that a person can bodily enter and has thefollowing characteristics: (1) its primary function is somethingother than human occupancy, and (2) has restricted entry andexit. (Restricted entry
8、 and exit is a physical configurationwhich requires the use of hands or contortion of the body toenter into or exit from a confined space.)3.1.5 covered tasksas defined in CFR 192.801 (b): “anactivity, identified by the operator, that is performed on apipeline; is an operations and maintenance task;
9、 is performedas a requirement of this part and affects operation or integrityof the pipeline.”3.1.6 designated control point (DCP)specific documentedlocations in the pipeline system where the operations plandesignates the control of gas.3.1.7 distribution linesa pipeline other than a gathering ortra
10、nsmission line.3.1.8 emergency incidentan emergency incident may in-volve fire, damage to underground facilities, explosion, gasleak, injury, death, gas outage, district pressure problems,hazardous or toxic material spills, or response by fire, police, orother agencies.3.1.9 hot tappinga procedure f
11、or cutting or tapping into agas pipeline under pressure.3.1.10 innerductplastic tubing used to house optical fibercable inside a natural gas pipeline.3.1.11 operatora person who engages in the transporta-tion of gas.3.1.12 operator qualification programthe minimum re-quirements for operator qualific
12、ation of individuals performingcovered tasks on a pipeline. The general requirements aredescribed in CFR 49, Section 192.801.3.1.13 optical fiber cablea cable formed of one or morestrands of optical fiber for transmission of data, video, audio,voice, or other information.3.1.14 optical fiber cable o
13、wnerthe entity holding legalrights to, and responsible for the operation and maintenance of,the optical fiber cable. The owner is also responsible for1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F36 on Technologyand Underground Utilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
14、 F36.40on Deployment of Optical Fiber Systems in Natural Gas Pipelines.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2004. Published February 2004.2Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.3Available from the Internati
15、onal Electrochemical Commission (IEC), 3, rue deVaremb P.O. Box 131 CH - 1211 GENEVA 20 Switzerland.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.5Available from Occupational Safety 4.1.2 Emergency response procedures, including gas con-tr
16、ol, emergency pipe repair, and communication procedures;4.1.3 Routine pipeline operation and maintenance activities,including service and main connections, pipe repair, leakdetection, and leak inspection;4.1.4 Routine optical fiber system operations and mainte-nance activities;4.1.5 Cable and condui
17、t marking; and4.1.6 Operator qualification.5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice is intended to assist optical fiber cableowners and pipeline operators in developing operating andmaintenance procedures and practices for the secondary use ofgas pipelines as conduits for optical fiber cables. It mu
18、st bekept in mind that the primary use of gas pipelines is fortransportation of natural gas and any secondary use of thesystem must not materially impact the primary function. It isthe responsibility of the optical fiber cable owner and pipelineoperator to decide how best to integrate operating and
19、main-tenance procedures for the pipeline, the optical fiber system,and the optical fiber cable so that safety is not compromised,customers are served in the best way possible, and incrementalcosts are minimized.5.2 Since the practice of integrating gas pipeline facilitiesand fiber optics for telecom
20、munications purposes is a new andemerging activity, this standard will help establish guidelinesfor its rapid and safe deployment and will ensure that thefacilities installed are maintained to operate on a long-termbasis.6. Operations and Maintenance6.1 General Safety Considerations:6.1.1 Employ pro
21、per grounding procedures when workingon or near gas pipelines.6.1.2 Take necessary steps to prevent buildup of staticelectricity during fiber cable system operations near gaspipelines. This includes operations involving pulling innerductor optical fiber cable into the gas pipeline.6.1.3 When working
22、 with optical fiber cables, care must betaken to avoid fiber penetration through the skin or laser-induced eye damage. For specific guidelines, refer to IEC60825-1, Ed. 1.2, en 2001.6.1.4 Always check for the presence of gas prior to andduring work on optical fiber systems or optical fiber cable tha
23、tare connected to, contiguous with, or in the vicinity of gaspipelines.6.2 Mapping and Record-Keeping:6.2.1 Each pipeline operator must keep adequate records ofthe type and location of all parts of the optical fiber system thatare part of the pipeline. The operator should consider recordinghigh cons
24、equence areas (per 49CFR192) where optical fibersystems are located.6.2.2 Records may be in the form of maps, drawings, notes,or any combination thereof.6.2.3 The records must be available to the local operatingpersonnel responsible for the pipeline where the optical fibersystem is deployed.6.2.4 Re
25、cords should be employed by the pipeline operatorto minimize the possibility that the optical fiber system isinadvertently damaged by pipeline operator activities.6.3 Emergency Response Procedures Involving PipelineFacilities and Optical Fiber Systems:6.3.1 Standard RequirementsThe pipeline operator
26、 mustadhere to emergency procedures as required by CFR 49,Subpart F, Section 192.615. These procedures must be modi-fied to account for any special conditions or tools needed todeal with emergency responses to pipelines containing opticalfiber cable.6.3.2 On-Site Management ControlFor emergency inci
27、-dents where there is a possibility of an unsafe conditioninvolving natural gas or natural gas facilities, the pipelineoperator employee on site must control all activities related tothe incident and is required to follow their written emergencyF2349042procedures. This means that any optical fiber c
28、able ownerrepresentative present at the emergency site must consult withand defer to the pipeline operator regarding any proposedactivity at or near the site. The pipeline operator will take stepsto stabilize the emergency incident to eliminate any relatedsafety issues as quickly as possible so that
29、 the optical fibercable owner may take necessary steps to deal with any fibercable issues, including installation of a temporary cable bypassconnection in or near the emergency incident location.6.3.3 Incorporating Optical Fiber System Design intoEmergency Response Procedures:6.3.3.1 Use of Designat
30、ed Control Points (DCP)An op-tical fiber system should be designed such that fiber cable exitand re-entry points afford an adequate space on the pipe toinstall one or more gas stopping fittings or to pinch close thepipe. At such locations, between exit and re-entry points in thepipe, fiber cable is
31、not present and any conventional method ofgas control is acceptable.NOTE 1Polyethylene pipe used in natural gas pipelines is generallydesigned to allow pinching only once at a given location.6.3.3.2 Design Distance Between DCPsThe recom-mended maximum distance between pairs of exit and re-entryfitti
32、ngs should be chosen to minimize the requirements tocontrol gas within the span length during emergency incidents.The pipeline operator should attempt to control gas at thesedesignated fitting exit and re-entry locations during an emer-gency incident to avoid optical fiber cable damage. In manycases
33、, effective control of a pipeline can be achieved withoutcable damage if the exit and re-entry fitting pairs are located nomore than 1500 feet apart. In some cases, the pipeline operatormay choose to reduce this maximum spacing depending onlocal conditions, and class location present.6.3.3.3 Control
34、ling Gas Without DCPsIf desired, a pipe-line operator may also base emergency control procedures oncontrolling gas at locations in the pipe where optical fiber cableis present. However, damage of the optical fiber cable mayoccur and gas flow may not be stopped unless speciallydesigned stopping fitti
35、ngs and pinching machines are used.These special tools may be available from optical fiber systemvendors or vendors of conventional pipeline gas stopping tools.6.3.3.4 If the operator controls gas at a location whereinnerduct is present by use of a pinching or stopping device,procedure should requir
36、e checking the innerduct to ensure it isnot damaged so that it becomes pressurized with gas (see6.3.6). If it does, control gas in the innerduct using proceduresdeveloped or approved by the operator.6.3.4 Notification and Communication between PipelineOperator and Optical Fiber Cable Owner:6.3.4.1 N
37、otification ContactsThe pipeline operator andoptical fiber cable owner or designee will notify each respec-tive party of emergency incidents related to natural gas,pipeline facilities, or the optical fiber system. Usually, thepipeline operator will become aware of a gas facility-relatedemergency inc
38、ident first and should notify the optical fibercable owner representative in a manner covered in a writtenagreement between the parties. Likewise, if the optical fibercable owner detects an optical fiber cable or innerduct breaklocated in a gas pipeline through its monitoring equipment, itshall imme
39、diately notify the pipeline operator.6.3.4.2 Conditions for NotificationIf possible, the pipe-line operator will contact the optical fiber cable owner prior toaction being taken if:(1) The pipeline operator must take action on the gaspipeline that may damage the optical fiber system,(2) The damaged
40、gas line contains optical fiber cable, and(3) There is a possibility that assistance by the optical fibercable owner may be required, but no immediate action isnecessary.6.3.4.3 Documentation of Communication ProtocolAwritten guideline should be developed and kept on file withboth the pipeline opera
41、tor and the optical fiber cable ownercontaining the following information:(1) Pipeline operator contact information for emergencyresponse,(2) Optical fiber cable owner contact information foremergency response,(3) Criteria for an event to trigger emergency responsenotification, and(4) Agreement on h
42、ierarchy of notification and target timefor notification after incident occurs.6.3.5 Damage to Gas Pipeline and Optical Fiber System:6.3.5.1 ResponseControl of gas being released to theatmosphere, whether coming from the pipeline or the opticalfiber system, is performed by the pipeline operator.6.3.
43、5.2 Controlling an Unsafe SituationThe pipeline op-erator must act in a manner consistent with its emergencyresponse plan to control an unsafe situation. In most cases,controlling leaking or blowing gas can be achieved safely byuse of stopping fittings, valves, or pipe pinching at DCPs asdescribed i
44、n 6.3.3.1. If not, the pipeline operator must controlthe gas at an intermediate point where optical fiber cable orconduit, or both, are located as described in 6.3.3.3.6.3.5.3 Check Optical Fiber Cable System at Adjacent VaultLocationsIf the optical fiber cable system uses conduit tohouse the optica
45、l fiber cable outside the pipeline and theconduit terminates in a vault, the vaults adjacent to theemergency incident should be checked for leaking gas. If thepipeline operator-approved design uses seals between the cableand conduit in the vault, test to make sure seals are secure. Ifthe pipeline op
46、erator-approved design uses conduit vents in ornear the vaults, secure gas flow through the vent by closing anin-line valve or by pinching.6.3.5.4 Repairing the PipelineIf a section of pipe must beremoved to effectuate final pipe repair and the optical fibercable owner must access the emergency inci
47、dent location torestore temporary telecommunications service, the pipelineoperator should consider a temporary repair. The final piperepair should then be conducted at a time and in a manner thatconsiders safety first and the economic needs of the pipelineoperator and optical fiber cable owner secon
48、d. These tempo-rary procedures should be covered in emergency plans. Thesetemporary repair procedures should be covered in the emer-gency plans.6.3.5.5 Repairing the Optical Fiber CableThis is gener-ally achieved by splicing the cable at one or two points awayF2349043from the emergency incident loca
49、tion and then re-installing theoptical fiber cable in the repaired pipe section using the originalinstallation method.6.3.6 Damage to Innerduct or Optical Fiber CableOnlyIn rare cases, the innerduct or optical fiber cable insidethe pipeline may become damaged while the pipeline remainsundamaged. For installations where an innerduct is used, adamaged or malfunctioning optical fiber cable can be extractedand repaired without impacting the pipeline. For installationswhere the optical fiber cable is directly installed or when theinnerduct is also damaged, specia
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