ASTM F2373-2008 Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Public Use Play Equipment for Children 6 Months through 23 Months《6个月到23个月孩子的公共玩具的消费者安全性能规范的标准》.pdf

1、Designation: F 2373 08Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification forPublic Use Play Equipment for Children 6 Months through23 Months1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2373; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the

2、case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This consumer safety performance specification pro-vides safety and performance requirem

3、ents for various types ofpublic use play equipment such as, but not limited to, compos-ite play structures, climbing structures, to-fro swings, springrocking equipment, and slides. It is intended to apply to playequipment that is used in places of public assembly, includingearly care and education f

4、acilities, parks, or playgrounds.Public use play areas for children in this age range include bothindoor (classroom) settings and outdoor playgrounds. Whereappropriate, distinctions will be made between indoor andoutdoor settings where there is supervision (for example, a playarea that is part of an

5、 early care and education facility), andsettings with unlimited access (for example, public play-grounds and parks).1.2 The range of users encompassed by this consumer safetyperformance specification is the 5th percentile 6 month oldthrough the 95th percentile 23 month old.1.3 The purpose of this sp

6、ecification is to reduce thepotential for life threatening and debilitating injuries.1.4 Accessory toys attached to play equipment must meetall relevant standards including this consumer safety perfor-mance specification.1.5 Home playground equipment, amusement park equip-ment, sports equipment, fit

7、ness equipment, soft contained playequipment, tricycles, toys, juvenile care products such as, butnot limited to, infant swings, play yards, expansion gates, andexpandable enclosures, furniture (including child-sized houseplay furnishings and sand/water tables intended primarily forindoor use), bass

8、inets and cradles, infant walkers, bouncerseats, jumpers, infant stationary activity centers, and infantcarriers are not included in the scope of this specification.1.6 This consumer safety performance specification in-cludes the following sections:Title SectionScope 1Referenced Documents 2ASTM Stan

9、dards 2.1ANSI Standards 2.2Federal Standards 2.3CPSC Documents 2.4UL Standard 2.5European Standard 2.6Terminology 3Materials and Manufacture 4General Requirements 4.1Fasteners 4.2Toxic or Hazardous Substances 4.3Stuffing, Loose Fillers, and Padding Materials 4.4General Requirements 5Compliance Docum

10、entation 5.1Small Parts 5.2Asphyxiation Hazard 5.3Performance Requirements 6Head and Neck Entrapment 6.1Sharp Points and Sharp Edges 6.2Protrusions 6.3Entanglement Hazards 6.4Crush and Shear Points 6.5Ventilation 6.6Closures 6.7Suspended Hazards 6.8Requirements for Access and Egress 7Access and Egre

11、ss Components That ShallNot Be Used7.1Adjacent Platforms 7.2Step Ladders, Stairways, Flexible AccessComponents, and Access Ramps7.3Climbing Equipment Used for Access and Egress 7.4Handrails and Other Means of Hand Support 7.5Requirements for Platforms, Landings, and OtherDesignated Play Surfaces8Pla

12、tforms and Similar Surfaces 8.1Adjacent Platforms 8.2Protective Barriers 8.3Equipment Specifications 9Equipment That Shall Not Be Used 9.1Climbing Equipment 9.2Slides 9.3Spring Rocking Equipment Intended for Use WithoutAdult Assistance9.4To-Fro Swings 9.5Structural Integrity and Stability 10General

13、Requirements 10.1Structural Integrity Tests for Rungs, Steps, andHorizontal Supporting Members10.2Structural Integrity and Stability Tests forPlatforms and Ramps10.31This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 onConsumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommitte

14、e F15.44 on PlayEquipment for Children Under Two.Current edition approved June 15, 2008. Published July 2008. Originallyapproved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F 2373 07.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United St

15、ates.Title SectionTest for Dynamic Strength of Barriers and Handrails 10.4Structural Integrity and Stability Tests for Slides 10.5Structural Integrity Test for Spring Rocking Equipment 10.6Structural Integrity and Stability Tests for Swings 10.7Play Equipment Use Zones, Non-Encroachment Zones,and Pl

16、acement11General Use Zone Requirements 11.1Exemptions from Use Zone Requirements 11.2General Non-Encroachment Zone Requirements 11.3Use Zones for Play Structures Having No MovingComponents11.4Use Zones for Slides 11.5Use Zones for Spring Rocking Equipment 11.6Use Zones and Non-Encroachment Zones for

17、 To-FroSwings11.7Surfacing Materials for Use Zones 11.8Fences and Gates 11.9Placement of Play Equipment 11.10Labels and Signs 12Compliance Requirements for Labels and Signs 12.1Specifications for All Labels and Signs 12.2Label Requirements on Play Equipment and Structures 12.3Signs Required for Play

18、 Equipment/Structures inSettings with Unlimited Access12.4Replacement 12.5Installation 13Designers or Manufacturers Responsibilities 13.1Owners/Operators Responsibilities 13.2Maintenance 14Equipment 14.1Play Area Surfacing 14.2Records 14.3Keywords 15Annex A1Figures Annex A1Appendix X1Rationale Appen

19、dix X11.7 General Measures, Tolerances, and Conversions:1.7.1 The general tolerances for this specification are asfollows unless otherwise specified.Dimension ToleranceX. in 60.5 in.X.X in. 60.05 in.X.XX in. 60.005 in.These tolerances still apply to a dimension even when termslike greater than, less

20、 than, minimum, or maximum are used.1.7.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.7.3 The conversion factor from imperial to me

21、tric unitsare:1 in. = 25.4 mm1in.2= 6.45 cm21in.3= 16.39 cm31 lb = 0.454 kg1 lbf (pound force) = 4.45 Newtons1.8 See Annex A1 for figures referenced throughout thisspecification.1.9 The text of this specification references notes andfootnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes andfootno

22、tes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not beconsidered as requirements of the specification.1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and

23、 health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometerHardnessF 406 Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Full-SizeBaby Cribs/Play YardsF 963 Consumer Safety Specification fo

24、r Toy SafetyF 1077 Guide for Selection of Committee F16 FastenerSpecificationsF 1148 Consumer Safety Performance Specification forHome Playground EquipmentF 1292 Specification for Impact Attenuation of SurfacingMaterials Within the Use Zone of Playground EquipmentF 1487 Consumer Safety Performance S

25、pecification forPlayground Equipment for Public UseF 2075 Specification for Engineered Wood Fiber for Use asa Playground Safety Surface Under and Around Play-ground Equipment2.2 ANSI Standards:3Z535.1 Safety Color CodeZ535.4 Product Safety Signs and Labels2.3 Federal Standards:416 CFR 1303 Ban of Le

26、ad-Containing Paint and CertainConsumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint16 CFR 1500 Hazardous Substances Act Regulations, in-cluding Sections:16 CFR 1500.18(a)(16)(i) Banned Toys and Other BannedArticles Intended for Use by ChildrenInfant Cushion orInfant Pillow16 CFR 1500.48 Technical Require

27、ments for Determining aSharp Point in Toys and Other Articles Intended for Useby Children Under 8 Years of Age16 CFR 1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining aSharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys and Other ArticlesIntended for Use by Children Under 8 Years of Age16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying

28、 Toys and OtherArticles Intended for Use by Children Under 3 Years ofAge Which Present Choking, Aspiration or IngestionHazards Because of Small Parts16 CFR 1610 Standard for the Flammability of ClothingTextiles2.4 CPSC Documents:5U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Handbook forPublic Playground

29、 SafetyU.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Never PutChildrens Climbing Gyms On Hard Surfaces, Indoors orOutdoors2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to

30、 the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.4Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.

31、5Available from U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), Washing-ton, D.C. 20207-0001.F23730822.5 UL Standard:6UL969 Standard for Safety: Marking and Labeling Systems2.6 European Standard:7EN 71-1 Safety of ToysPart I: Mechanical and PhysicalProperties3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Sp

32、ecific to This Standard:3.1.1 access ramp, nramp used to move onto or into apiece of play equipment.3.1.2 accessible, adjrelating to a part or portion of theplay equipment (1) that can be contacted by any body part, or(2) that a user can enter, leave, play on, in, or under.3.1.3 accessory toy, ntoy

33、attached to, removable from, orsold with a piece of play equipment, as well as the means ofattachment.3.1.4 adjacent platforms, ntwo platforms with some de-viation in their heights having a common vertical plane.3.1.5 anchor(s), naccessories used to minimize possibletipping of the play equipment, or

34、 lifting of the support legsduring normal use.3.1.6 cable, nstrands of metallic wire, twisted or laidtogether.3.1.7 climbing equipment, nplay equipment or equipmentparts that require the user to maintain three points of contactwhile moving about.3.1.8 completely bounded non-rigid opening, nany open-

35、ing in a piece of equipment that is totally enclosed by flexibleboundaries which can deform or deflect during normal use (forexample, the openings in a flexible net or lattice of webbing).3.1.9 completely bounded rigid opening, nany opening ina piece of play equipment that is totally enclosed by fix

36、ed,inflexible boundaries so that the perimeter of the opening iscontinuous.3.1.10 component, nany portion of the play equipmentthat generates specific activity and cannot stand alone.3.1.11 composite play equipment, ntwo or more pieces ofplay equipment attached or functionally linked, to create onei

37、ntegral unit that provides more than one play activity (forexample, a combination slide and climbing equipment).3.1.12 crush and shear point, njuncture at which the usercould suffer contusion, laceration, abrasion, amputation, orfracture during use of the play equipment.3.1.13 designated play surfac

38、e, nany elevated surface forstanding, walking, crawling, sitting, or climbing, or any el-evated flat surface larger than 2.0 in. (51 mm) wide by 2.0 in.(51 mm) long, having less than a 30 angle from horizontal.3.1.14 early care and education facility, nsetting in whichout of home care is provided fo

39、r eleven or more children.3.1.15 entanglement, ncondition in which the usersclothes or something around the users neck becomes caught orentwined on a component of play equipment.3.1.16 entrapment, nany condition which impedes with-drawal of a body or body part that has penetrated an opening.3.1.17 f

40、all height, nvertical distance (1) between a desig-nated play surface and the surface beneath it; or (2) betweenspecified parts of a play structure; or (3) between a specifiedpart of a play structure and the ground.3.1.18 fully enclosed swing seat, nsuspended device uponwhich a user sits which has n

41、on-removable supports on allsides and between the legs of a user. The supports are intendedto prevent a user from falling out of the device while it is inmotion (for example, a fully enclosed bucket seat, see Fig.A1.1).3.1.19 functionally linked play structures, nplay structurethat acts as a single

42、unit in its physical form or sense offunction as continuous play, even if the components are notphysically attached.3.1.20 hand-support component, ncomponent, such as ahandrail, intended to steady a user or support a users bodyweight.3.1.21 handrail, nrigid linear device, following the pathof access

43、 or egress, that, when grasped, provides balance andsupport in maintaining a specific body posture.3.1.22 impact attenuating surfacing, nmaterial(s) thatcomply with Specification F 1292.3.1.23 maximum user, n23-month-old child; measure-ment characteristics are the 95th percentile values for com-bine

44、d sexes.3.1.24 minimum user, n6-month-old child; measurementcharacteristics are the 5th percentile values for combinedsexes.3.1.25 moving component, nportion of the play equip-ment that imparts movement to the equipment or the user, forexample, swing or spring-mounted rocker.3.1.26 non-encroachment

45、zone, nobstacle-free area des-ignated for unrestricted circulation.3.1.27 partially bounded opening, nany opening that isnot totally enclosed by boundaries on all sides so that theperimeter of the opening is discontinuous.3.1.28 partially enclosed swing seat, nsingle occupantsuspended device upon wh

46、ich a user sits which has non-removable supports on all sides, but not between the userslegs.3.1.29 permanently anchored equipment, nplay structuresdesigned to be installed in a fixed location (for example, within-ground footings or concrete anchoring), and not intended tobe relocated for the usable

47、 life of the equipment. Permanentlyanchored equipment may or may not have moving compo-nents.3.1.30 platform, nany flat, elevated surface intended tosupport the weight of one or more users and upon which theuser(s) can move freely.3.1.31 play area, ndesignated space intended for a usersplay.3.1.32 p

48、lay ramp, nsurface forming an inclined plane thatfunctions as a play event, providing opportunity for climbingup to or down from a platform and on which a child cannotmaintain movement while in a sitting position while relying ongravity as the propelling force.3.1.33 play structure, nfreestanding st

49、ructure with one ormore components and their supporting members.6Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Corporate Progress, 333Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062.7Available from British Standards Institute (BSI), 389 Chiswick High Rd.,London W4 4AL, U.K.F23730833.1.34 portable equipment, nplay structures designed tobe easily carried and relocated. Portable equipment mayrequire simple assembly (for example, foam climber or tunnel).3.1.35 preventive maintenance, nplanned program of in-spections and maintenance intended to kee