ASTM F2373-2011(2017) Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Public Use Play Equipment for Children 6 Months through 23 Months《6至23个月的婴儿使用公共游乐设备的标准消费者安全性能规格》.pdf

1、Designation: F2373 11 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification forPublic Use Play Equipment for Children 6 Months through23 Months1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2373; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adop

2、tion or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This consumer safety performance specification pro-vides safety and perf

3、ormance requirements for various types ofpublic use play equipment such as, but not limited to, compos-ite play structures, climbing structures, to-fro swings, springrocking equipment, and slides. It is intended to apply to playequipment that is used in places of public assembly, includingearly care

4、 and education facilities, parks, or playgrounds.Public use play areas for children in this age range include bothindoor (classroom) settings and outdoor playgrounds. Whereappropriate, distinctions will be made between indoor andoutdoor settings where there is supervision (for example, a playarea th

5、at is part of an early care and education facility), andsettings with unlimited access (for example, public play-grounds and parks).1.2 The range of users encompassed by this consumer safetyperformance specification is the 5th percentile 6 month oldthrough the 95th percentile 23 month old.1.3 The pu

6、rpose of this specification is to reduce thepotential for life threatening and debilitating injuries.1.4 Accessory toys attached to play equipment must meetall relevant standards including this consumer safety perfor-mance specification.1.5 Home playground equipment, amusement parkequipment, sports

7、equipment, fitness equipment, soft containedplay equipment, tricycles, toys, juvenile care products such as,but not limited to, infant swings, play yards, expansion gates,and expandable enclosures, furniture (including child-sizedhouse play furnishings and sand/water tables intended primar-ily for i

8、ndoor use), bassinets and cradles, infant walkers,bouncer seats, jumpers, infant stationary activity centers, andinfant carriers are not included in the scope of this specifica-tion.1.6 This consumer safety performance specification in-cludes the following sections:Title SectionScope 1Referenced Doc

9、uments 2ASTM Standards 2.1ANSI Standards 2.2Federal Standards 2.3CPSC Documents 2.4UL Standard 2.5European Standard 2.6Terminology 3Materials and Manufacture 4General Requirements 4.1Fasteners 4.2Toxic or Hazardous Substances 4.3Stuffing, Loose Fillers, and Padding Materials 4.4General Requirements

10、5Compliance Documentation 5.1Small Parts 5.2Asphyxiation Hazard 5.3Performance Requirements 6Head and Neck Entrapment 6.1Sharp Points and Sharp Edges 6.2Protrusions 6.3Entanglement Hazards 6.4Crush and Shear Points 6.5Ventilation 6.6Closures 6.7Suspended Hazards 6.8Requirements for Access and Egress

11、 7Access and Egress Components That ShallNot Be Used7.1Adjacent Platforms 7.2Step Ladders, Stairways, Flexible AccessComponents, and Access Ramps7.3Climbing Equipment Used for Access and Egress 7.4Handrails and Other Means of Hand Support 7.5Requirements for Platforms, Landings, and OtherDesignated

12、Play Surfaces8Platforms and Similar Surfaces 8.1Adjacent Platforms 8.2Protective Barriers 8.3Equipment Specifications 9Equipment That Shall Not Be Used 9.1Climbing Equipment 9.2Slides 9.3Spring Rocking Equipment Intended for Use WithoutAdult Assistance9.4To-Fro Swings 9.5Structural Integrity and Sta

13、bility 10General Requirements 10.1Structural Integrity Tests for Rungs, Steps, andHorizontal Supporting Members10.21This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 onConsumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.44 on PlayEquipment for Children Under Two.C

14、urrent edition approved Aug. 1, 2017. Published August 2017. Originallyapproved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as F2373 11. DOI:10.1520/F2373-11R17.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international sta

15、ndard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1Titl

16、e SectionStructural Integrity and Stability Tests forPlatforms and Ramps10.3Test for Dynamic Strength of Barriers and Handrails 10.4Structural Integrity and Stability Tests for Slides 10.5Structural Integrity Test for Spring Rocking Equipment 10.6Structural Integrity and Stability Tests for Swings 1

17、0.7Play Equipment Use Zones, Non-Encroachment Zones,and Placement11General Use Zone Requirements 11.1Exemptions from Use Zone Requirements 11.2General Non-Encroachment Zone Requirements 11.3Use Zones for Play Structures Having No MovingComponents11.4Use Zones for Slides 11.5Use Zones for Spring Rock

18、ing Equipment 11.6Use Zones and Non-Encroachment Zones for To-FroSwings11.7Surfacing Materials for Use Zones 11.8Fences and Gates 11.9Placement of Play Equipment 11.10Labels and Signs 12Compliance Requirements for Labels and Signs 12.1Specifications for All Labels and Signs 12.2Label Requirements on

19、 Play Equipment and Structures 12.3Signs Required for Play Equipment/Structures inSettings with Unlimited Access12.4Replacement 12.5Installation 13Designers or Manufacturers Responsibilities 13.1Owners/Operators Responsibilities 13.2Maintenance 14Equipment 14.1Play Area Surfacing 14.2Records 14.3Key

20、words 15Annex A1Figures Annex A1Appendix X1Rationale Appendix X11.7 General Measures, Tolerances, and Conversions:1.7.1 The general tolerances for this specification are asfollows unless otherwise specified.Dimension ToleranceX. in 0.5 in.X.X in. 0.05 in.X.XX in. 0.005 in.These tolerances still appl

21、y to a dimension even when termslike greater than, less than, minimum, or maximum are used.1.7.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered s

22、tandard.1.7.3 The conversion factor from imperial to metric unitsare:1 in. = 25.4 mm1in.2= 6.45 cm21in.3= 16.39 cm31 lb = 0.454 kg1 lbf (pound force) = 4.45 Newtons1.8 See Annex A1 for figures referenced throughout thisspecification.1.9 The text of this specification references notes andfootnotes wh

23、ich provide explanatory material. These notes andfootnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not beconsidered as requirements of the specification.1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the use

24、r of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.11 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in

25、the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hard-nessF406 Consumer Saf

26、ety Specification for Non-Full-SizeBaby Cribs/Play YardsF963 Consumer Safety Specification for Toy SafetyF1077 Guide for Selection of Committee F16 FastenerSpecifications (Withdrawn 2014)3F1148 Consumer Safety Performance Specification forHome Playground EquipmentF1292 Specification for Impact Atten

27、uation of SurfacingMaterials Within the Use Zone of Playground EquipmentF1487 Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Play-ground Equipment for Public UseF2075 Specification for Engineered Wood Fiber for Use as aPlayground Safety Surface Under andAround PlaygroundEquipment2.2 ANSI Standards:4Z

28、535.1 Safety Color CodeZ535.4 Product Safety Signs and Labels2.3 Federal Standards:516 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and CertainConsumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint16 CFR 1500 Hazardous Substances Act Regulations, in-cluding Sections:16 CFR 1500.18(a)(16)(i) Banned Toys and Other

29、BannedArticles Intended for Use by ChildrenInfant Cushion orInfant Pillow6 CFR 1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining aSharp Point in Toys and Other Articles Intended for Useby Children Under 8 Years of Age6 CFR 1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining aSharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toy

30、s and Other ArticlesIntended for Use by Children Under 8 Years of Age16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and Other Ar-ticles Intended for Use by Children Under 3 Years of AgeWhich Present Choking, Aspiration or Ingestion HazardsBecause of Small Parts2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM

31、 website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from America

32、n National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.5Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.F2373 11 (2017)216 CFR 1610 Standard for the Flammability of ClothingTextiles2.

33、4 CPSC Documents:6U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Handbook forPublic Playground SafetyU.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Never PutChildrens Climbing Gyms On Hard Surfaces, Indoors orOutdoors2.5 UL Standard:7UL 969 Standard for Safety: Marking and Labeling Systems2.6 European Standard:

34、8EN 71-1 Safety of ToysPart I: Mechanical and PhysicalProperties3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 access ramp, nramp used to move onto or into apiece of play equipment.3.1.2 accessible, adjrelating to a part or portion of theplay equipment (1) that can be contact

35、ed by any body part, or(2) that a user can enter, leave, play on, in, or under.3.1.3 accessory toy, ntoy attached to, removable from, orsold with a piece of play equipment, as well as the means ofattachment.3.1.4 adjacent platforms, ntwo platforms with some de-viation in their heights having a commo

36、n vertical plane.3.1.5 anchor(s), naccessories used to minimize possibletipping of the play equipment, or lifting of the support legsduring normal use.3.1.6 cable, nstrands of metallic wire, twisted or laidtogether.3.1.7 climbing equipment, nplay equipment or equipmentparts that require the user to

37、maintain three points of contactwhile moving about.3.1.8 completely bounded non-rigid opening, nany open-ing in a piece of equipment that is totally enclosed by flexibleboundaries which can deform or deflect during normal use (forexample, the openings in a flexible net or lattice of webbing).3.1.9 c

38、ompletely bounded rigid opening, nany opening ina piece of play equipment that is totally enclosed by fixed,inflexible boundaries so that the perimeter of the opening iscontinuous.3.1.10 component, nany portion of the play equipmentthat generates specific activity and cannot stand alone.3.1.11 compo

39、site play equipment, ntwo or more pieces ofplay equipment attached or functionally linked, to create oneintegral unit that provides more than one play activity (forexample, a combination slide and climbing equipment).3.1.12 crush and shear point, njuncture at which the usercould suffer contusion, la

40、ceration, abrasion, amputation, orfracture during use of the play equipment.3.1.13 designated play surface, nany elevated surface forstanding, walking, crawling, sitting, or climbing, or any el-evated flat surface larger than 2.0 in. (51 mm) wide by 2.0 in.(51 mm) long, having less than a 30 angle f

41、rom horizontal.3.1.14 early care and education facility, nsetting in whichout of home care is provided for eleven or more children.3.1.15 entanglement, ncondition in which the usersclothes or something around the users neck becomes caught orentwined on a component of play equipment.3.1.16 entrapment

42、, nany condition which impedes with-drawal of a body or body part that has penetrated an opening.3.1.17 fall height, nvertical distance (1) between a desig-nated play surface and the surface beneath it; or (2) betweenspecified parts of a play structure; or (3) between a specifiedpart of a play struc

43、ture and the ground.3.1.18 fully enclosed swing seat, nsuspended device uponwhich a user sits which has non-removable supports on allsides and between the legs of a user. The supports are intendedto prevent a user from falling out of the device while it is inmotion (for example, a fully enclosed buc

44、ket seat, see Fig.A1.1).3.1.19 functionally linked play structures, nplay structurethat acts as a single unit in its physical form or sense offunction as continuous play, even if the components are notphysically attached.3.1.20 hand-support component, ncomponent, such as ahandrail, intended to stead

45、y a user or support a users bodyweight.3.1.21 handrail, nrigid linear device, following the pathof access or egress, that, when grasped, provides balance andsupport in maintaining a specific body posture.3.1.22 impact attenuating surfacing, nmaterial(s) thatcomply with Specification F1292.3.1.23 max

46、imum user, n23-month-old child; measurementcharacteristics are the 95th percentile values for combinedsexes.3.1.24 minimum user, n6-month-old child; measurementcharacteristics are the 5th percentile values for combinedsexes.3.1.25 moving component, nportion of the play equipmentthat imparts movement

47、 to the equipment or the user, forexample, swing or spring-mounted rocker.3.1.26 non-encroachment zone, nobstacle-free area desig-nated for unrestricted circulation.3.1.27 partially bounded opening, nany opening that isnot totally enclosed by boundaries on all sides so that theperimeter of the openi

48、ng is discontinuous.3.1.28 partially enclosed swing seat, nsingle occupantsuspended device upon which a user sits which has non-removable supports on all sides, but not between the userslegs.6Available from U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC),Washington, D.C. 20207-0001.7Available from Un

49、derwriters Laboratories (UL), Corporate Progress, 333Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062.8Available from British Standards Institute (BSI), 389 Chiswick High Rd.,London W4 4AL, U.K.F2373 11 (2017)33.1.29 permanently anchored equipment, nplay structuresdesigned to be installed in a fixed location (for example, within-ground footings or concrete anchoring), and not intended tobe relocated for the usable life of the equipment. Permanentlyanchored equipment may or may not have moving compo-nents.3.1.30 platform, nany flat, elevated surfa