1、Designation: F2517 15F2517 17Standard Specification forDetermination of Child Resistance of Portable FuelContainers for Consumer Use1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2517; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of r
2、evision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes recognized requirements for determining the child resistance of po
3、rtable gasoline, kerosene,and diesel containers intended for use by consumers. This specification does not cover single-trip prepackaged containers.1.1.1 “Containers” as defined herein means the receptacle for gasoline, kerosene, or diesel fuel, including its spouts, retrofitspouts, caps and other c
4、losure mechanisms and components intended for use by consumers. If any such spout, retrofit spout, capor other closure mechanism is sold separately for use with or on portable gasoline, kerosene, or diesel receptacles, it must bedesigned to and function in compliance with this specification when ins
5、talled on any such receptacle.1.2 This specification includes gas/oil mixtures as commonly used for two-cycle engines.1.3 This specification includes single- and multi-compartment containers.1.4 This standard addresses the effectiveness of the child resistance (CR) device only after closure cycling,
6、 but does not addressclosure effectiveness:1.4.1 When at high or low temperatures,1.4.2 After thermal aging of polymers,1.4.3 After exposure to sunlight,1.4.4 After exposure to intended fuels, and1.4.5 After physical abuses, such as drops or impacts.NOTE 1Please see Appendix X1X2 for additional info
7、rmation on these exemptions.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of th
8、e safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was develop
9、ed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents
10、2.1 ASTM Standards:2F852 Specification for Portable Gasoline Containers for Consumer Use (Withdrawn 2017)3F976 Specification for Portable Kerosene and Diesel Containers for Consumer Use (Withdrawn 2017)32.2 CARB Documents:4CP-501 Certification Procedure 501 For Portable Fuel Containers And Spill-Pro
11、of SpoutsTP-501 Test Procedure for Determining Integrity of Spill-Proof Spouts and Spill-Proof Systems1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.10 on Standards forFlammable Liquid Containers.Current
12、edition approved Jan. 1, 2015Oct. 1, 2017. Published January 2015November 2017. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 20092015as F2517 09.F2517 15. DOI: 10.1520/F2517-15.10.1520/F2517-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Cust
13、omer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.4 Available from California Air Resources Board, 1001 “I” Stree
14、t, Sacramento, CA 95814, http:/www.arb.ca.gov.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately
15、, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1TP
16、-502 Test Procedure for Determining Diurnal Emissions from Portable Fuel Containers2.3 Other Document:40 CFR 59.623 What must I include in my application?53. Requirements3.1 General Requirements:3.1.1 Containers and closures shall first meet all requirements of Specifications F852 and F976 where app
17、licable, and also thosefeasible and appropriate test requirements of CARB CP-501, TP-501, TP-502, and EPA Regulation 40 CFR 59.623, capable ofbeing adapted to portable fuel containers having CR closures, including ultraviolet (UV) exposure (5.13.1) and immersion (5.11)tests of the closures.3.1.2 Con
18、tainers, components, and closures shall be new with container halfone-quarter full of water for testing in accordancewith Sections 4 and 5.3.1.3 Individual containers, closed with closures shall be tested as described in Section 4 after having been subjected, insequence, to:3.1.3.1 Low-temperature e
19、xposure at 0F (17.8C) for 8 h.3.1.3.2 Elevated temperature exposure at 140F (60C) for 8 h.3.1.3.3 Opening and closing of each closure for 250 cycles.3.1.4 Containers shall then be inverted and inspected visually before and after testing to determine any leakage. Containersindicating leakage shall no
20、t be used in further testing.3.1.5 Containers tested by the methods described in Sections 4 and 5 shall meet the following specifications:3.1.5.1 Child-resistant effectiveness for each and every closure on a container of not less than 85 %, without a demonstration,and not less than 80 % after a demo
21、nstration, of the proper means of opening when 200 children are tested per closure.3.1.5.2 Senior Adult TestContainers shall have a senior adult-use effectiveness (SAUE) of not less than 90 % for the senioradult panel test of Section 5 for all closures of the container.4. Test Procedure4.1 General:4
22、.1.1 For testing in accordance with Section 4, containers with multiple closures shall have each closure tested separately.Closure(s) not being tested shall be sealed off so they will not function but will appear as they would normally.accessible at thesame time as would be the likely scenario that
23、a child would encounter the closure.4.1.1.1 However, for each closure, test using a panel of at least 50 children, and up to 200 children, using a demonstration forthat closure.4.1.1.2 If the container is stored in a different configuration than when it is being used, test with a child panel for eac
24、hconfiguration in which it is possible the package will be encountered. (For example, if the spout is stored in the container and thenthe spout is attached for use, test it once with the spout out and once with the spout in, with the demonstration appropriate for thatconfiguration.)4.1.1.3 A failure
25、 shall be accessing the liquid using any of the openings, regardless of which opening was demonstrated.4.1.2 Reclosable containers, if assembled by the testing agency, shall be properly secured at least 72 h before beginning the testto allow the materials (for example, the closure liner) to “take a
26、set.”Torque-dependent closures shall be secured at the same torqueas applied normally by adult consumers. The torque value shall be recorded. Document the method to arrive at the torque value.4.1.3 All containers shall be handled so that no damage or jarring will occur during storage or transportati
27、on.4.1.4 The containers shall be tested at room temperature (23 6 3C).4.2 Child-Resistant Test (Test Subjects/Selection Criteria):4.2.1 Use from 1 to 4 groups of 50 children, as required under the sequential testing criteria in Table 1. A Consent shall be5 Available from U.S. Government Printing Off
28、ice Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.TABLE 1 Number of Closure Openings: Acceptance (Pass), Continue Testing, and Rejection (Fail) Criteria for the First 5 min and theFull 10 min of the Childrens Protocol TestTestPane
29、lCumulativeNumber ofChildrenClosure OpeningsFirst 5 min Full 10 minPass Continue Fail Pass Continue Fail1 50 03 410 11+ 05 614 15+2 100 410 1118 19+ 615 1624 25+3 150 1118 1925 26+ 1625 2634 35+4 200 1930 31+ 2640 41+F2517 172documented for each child participating in the testing, at the child or si
30、te level. If the testing is conducted at a central location,a consent form (Appendix X3X4) mustshall be completed for each child participating in the testing.4.2.2 No more than 20 % of the children in tested for each groupclosure shall be tested at or obtained from any given site.onesite. To assure
31、geographical diversity if testing is completed at a central location, no more than 20 % of the children shall be drawnfrom a single ZIP code, city, or town.4.2.3 Each group of children shall be randomly selected as to age, subject to the limitations set forth below.4.2.4 Thirty percent of the childr
32、en in each group shall be of age 42 to 44 months, 40 % of the children in each group shall beof age 45 to 48 months, and 30 % of the children in each group shall be of age 49 to 51 months.4.2.5 The childrens ages in months shall be calculated as follows:4.2.5.1 Arrange the birth date and test date b
33、y the numerical designations for month, day, and year (for example, test date:8/3/1990; birth date: 6/23/1986).4.2.5.2 Subtract the month, day, and year numbers for the birth date from the respective numbers for the test date. It is possiblethat this will result in negative numbers for the months or
34、 days.4.2.5.3 Multiply the difference in years by 12 to obtain the number of months in the difference in years and add this value tothe number of months that was obtained when the birth date was subtracted from the test date (that is, 4 12 = 48; 48 + 2 = 50).This figure either will remain the same o
35、r be adjusted up or down by one month, depending on the number of days obtained inthe subtraction of the birth date from the test date.4.2.5.4 If the number of days obtained by subtracting the days in the birth date from the days in the test date is +16 or more,one month is added to the number of mo
36、nths obtained above. If the number of days is 16 or less, subtract l month. If the numberof days is between 15 and +15 inclusive, no change is made in the number of months. Thus, for the example given above, thenumber of days is 20 and the number of months is therefore 50 1 = 49 months.4.2.5.5 The d
37、ifference between the number of boys and the number of girls in each age range shall not exceed 10 % of thenumber of children in that range. Select children without an obvious or overt physical or mental handicap.4.3 Child-Resistant Tests (Test Failures)A test failure shall be any child who opens th
38、e closure or gains access to thecontainers contents.4.4 Sequential TestThe sequential test is initially conducted using 50 children, and depending on the results, the criteria inTable 1 determines whether the container is either child resistant or not child resistant or whether further testing is re
39、quired. Furthertesting is required if the results are inconclusive and involves the use of one or more additional groups of 50 children each, up toa maximum of 200 children. No individual shall administer the test to more than 30 % of the children tested in each group. Table1 gives the acceptance (p
40、ass), continue testing, and rejection (fail) criteria to be used for the first 5 min and the full 10 min of thechildrens test. If the test continues past the initial 50-child panel, the container openings shown in Table 1 are cumulative.4.5 Test ProceduresThe children shall be divided into groups of
41、 two. The testing shall be done in a location that is familiarto the children, for example, their customary nursery school or regular kindergarten. school. No child shall test more than twoclosures. When more than one closure is being tested, each closure shall be dissimilar, and they shall be prese
42、nted to the pairedchildren in random order. This order shall be recorded. The children shall be tested by the procedure incorporated in the followingtest instructions:4.5.1 Alternatively, testing at a central location after the children are made comfortable in that location shall be allowed.4.6 Deta
43、iled Standardized Child Test Instructions:4.6.1 The children shall have no overt physical or mental handicaps. No child with a permanent or temporary illness, injury,or handicap that would interfere with his/her effective participation shall be included in the test.4.6.2 The testing shall take place
44、 in a well-lit location that is or becomes familiar to the children and is isolated from alldistractions.4.6.3 The tester, or another adult, shall escort a pair of children to the test area. The tester shall seat the two children so thatthere is no visual barrier between the children and the tester.
45、4.6.4 The tester shall talk to the children to make them feel at ease.4.6.5 The children shall not be given the impression that they are in a race or contest. They are not to be told that the test isa game or that it is fun. They are not to be offered a reward.4.6.6 The tester shall record all data
46、before, or after, the test so that full attention can be on the children during the test period.4.6.7 The tester shall use a stopwatch(s) or other timing devices to time the number of seconds it takes the child to open thecontainer and to time the 5-min test periods.4.6.8 To begin the test, the test
47、er shall hand the children identical containers, indicate by gesture which opening is being testedand say, “Please try to open this for me.me or to get the liquid out.”4.6.9 If a child refuses to participate after the test has started, the tester shall reassure the child and gently encourage the chi
48、ldto try. If the child continues to refuse, the tester shall ask the child to hold the container in his/her lap until the other child isfinished.This pair of children shall not be eliminated from the results unless the refusing child disrupts the participation of the otherchild.F2517 1734.6.10 Each
49、child shall be given up to 5 min to open his/her container. The tester shall watch the children at all times duringthe test. The tester shall minimize conversation with the children as long as they continue to attempt to open their containers. Thetester shall not discourage the children verbally or with facial expressions. If a child gets frustrated or bored and stops trying toopen his/her container, the tester shall reassure the child and gently encourage the child to keep trying (for example, “Please tryto open the containerkeep trying t
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