ASTM F2698-2008 Standard Guide for Fences for Above-Ground and In-ground Skate Park Facilities《地上和地下溜冰公园设施用栅栏的标准指南》.pdf

1、Designation: F2698 08Standard Guide forFences for Above-Ground and In-ground Skate ParkFacilities1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2698; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.

2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide provides recommended minimum require-ments for denoting the various types of fences/barriers forskate parks and for inli

3、ne skating or roller hockey rinks andextreme performance areas.1.2 This guide provides the minimum requirements for theprotection of the participants from intrusion of other activityusers; from unauthorized and unsupervised use by users thatcould be harmed by unanticipated entry into the area and fr

4、omfalls into in-ground skate park area.1.3 This guide provides for the safety of spectators fromerrant skateboard use.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The SI values in parentheses are provided forinformation purposes only.1.5 This standard does not purport

5、 to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 392

6、Specification for Zinc-Coated Steel Chain-LinkFence FabricA 491 Specification for Aluminum-Coated Steel Chain-Link Fence FabricF 537 Specification for Design, Fabrication, and Installationof Fences Constructed of Wood and Related MaterialsF 552 Terminology Relating to Chain Link FencingF 668 Specifi

7、cation for Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) andOther Organic Polymer-Coated Steel Chain-Link FenceFabricF 900 Specification for Industrial and Commercial SwingGatesF 964 Specification for Rigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)Exterior Profiles Used for Fencing and RailingF 1043 Specification for Strength and Pro

8、tective Coatingson Steel Industrial Chain Link Fence FrameworkF 1083 Specification for Pipe, Steel, Hot-Dipped Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Welded, for Fence StructuresF 1345 Specification for Zinc-5 % Aluminum-MischmetalAlloy-Coated Steel Chain-Link Fence FabricF 2408 Specification for Ornamental Fence

9、s EmployingGalvanized Steel Tubular PicketsF 2453/F 2453M Specification for Welded Wire MeshFence Fabric (Metallic-Coated or Polymer Coated) forMeshes of 6 in.23871 mm2 or Less, in Panels or Rolls,with Uniform MeshesF 2589 Specification for Ornamental Fences EmployingSteel Tubular Pickets3. Terminol

10、ogy3.1 See Terminology F 552 for definitions of terms relatingto chain-link fencing.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 fence, na type of barrier that surrounds and ob-structs access to the skate park. Examples: chain link, wood,ornamental, PVC extrusions.3.2.2 grade, nthe finis

11、hed elevation at any specified pointof the ground or pavement outside the skate park.4. Summary of Guide4.1 This guide is based in part upon findings of the UnitedStates Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), theAmerican Association of Pediatrics, the National Center forInjury Prevention, the Na

12、tional Recreation and Park Associa-tion and the American Medical Association. It also incorpo-rates certain provisions of the ASTM Committee F08 TaskGroups on Skate Park Standards.5. Significance and Use5.1 This guide sets forth minimum standard requirementsfor use in local codes and ordinances rela

13、ting to fences/barriersseparating pedestrian circulation and traffic areas from skate1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F14 on Fences and isthe direct responsibility of Subcommittee F14.10 on Specific Applications.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2008. Published February 2008.2F

14、or referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C7

15、00, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.park and related venue enclosures to prevent collision, containthe skateboards and prevent falls into such in-ground venueareas.5.2 This guide sets forth minimum standard requirementsfor use in local codes and ordinances relating to enclosing skate

16、parks and preventing unfamiliar use of the facilities creatingfalls from hazards.5.3 This guide does not have the effect of law, nor is itintended to supersede local codes and ordinances of a morerestrictive nature.5.4 Studies have been the basis for certain recommendationsin this guide and will ass

17、ist those who intend to provideprotection against unfamiliar access by restricting access tochildren under the age of five years who have no training andothers unfamiliar with the equipment and features in skate-boards. This would include, but is not limited to, state and localgovernments, model cod

18、e organizations, building code groups,and consumers. It is understood that the format will varydepending upon the specific use and local conditions.6. Requirements6.1 HeightThe top of the fence shall be a minimum of 72in. (1829 mm) above grade measured on the side of the fence,which faces away from

19、the facility.6.2 Visibility and Accessibility for EmergenciesThe fenceshall be so designed and constructed that it allows for 50 %visibility and accessibility from a designated supervising areaoutside the area to inside the area.6.3 Ground ClearanceThe maximum vertical clearancebetween grade and the

20、 bottom of the fence shall be 2 in. (50mm) measured on the side of the fence, which faces away fromthe skate park.6.4 Chain-link Mesh2 in (50 mm) mesh 9-gauge wire incompliance with SpecificationsA 392,A 491, F 668,orF 1345having knuckle/knuckle selvage. Mesh sizes greater than thestandard 2 in. (50

21、 mm) are not permitted.6.5 Welded Wire MeshMaximum opening 2 in. by 2 in.(50 mm by 50 mm), minimum 9 gauge wire in compliance withSpecification F 2453/F 2453M.6.6 Decorative FencesWhere the fence is composed ofdiagonal members, (such as in a lattice fence), any openingcreated by the diagonal members

22、 shall be a maximum of 2.9 in.(74 mm) measured in its largest direction, rigid PVC profilefences shall comply with Specification F 964 and wood fencingshall comply with Specification F 537.6.7 Ornamental and Picket FencesWhere fence is com-posed of vertical pickets the spacing between pickets shall

23、notbe greater than 4 in. (101 mm). Ornamental steel fence shallcomply with Specification F 2408 or Specification F 2589,rigid PVC profile fences shall comply with Specification F 964and wood fencing shall comply with Specification F 537.6.8 Diagonal bracing members extending from one cornerto the op

24、posite comer creating a ladder effect on all stylesoffences and gates are not permitted where spacing of verticalmembers in any area between posts exceeds 134 in. (44 mm)to prevent climbing.6.9 Framework and FittingsThe strength of the fence andits framework shall be structurally designed to provide

25、 thedesired security, safety and strength to withstand area windload forces. Chain link framework shall comply with Specifi-cation F 1043 or Specification F 1083.6.10 Access Gates:6.10.1 Double leaf access gates shall comply with therequirements of 6.1 through 6.5 and shall be equipped with apadlock

26、 or other key-operated locking device that is alwayslocked when the gate is not in use. Chain link swing gates shallmeet the requirements of Specification F 900.6.10.2 Single leaf access gates shall comply with applicableASTM specifications; open outward away from the skate park;shall be self-closin

27、g; and shall have a self-latching device.Chain link single swing gates shall meet the requirements ofSpecification F 900.6.11 GroundingWhen required, fence shall be groundedin compliance with the requirements of local utilities andelectrical codes.7. Prohibited Locations7.1 Fence/BarriersShall be lo

28、cated so as to prohibit theuse of permanent or replaceable structures, equipment, land-scaping or similar objects to aid in climbing the fence/barrier.8. Safety Signs8.1 Safety signs shall be mounted on skate park barriers tocommunicate important information to users regarding theexistence of hazard

29、s and ways to avoid personal injury. Thecommunication of safety critical information is a non-delegable responsibility of skate park venue owners andoperators. These signs shall tell people about a threat to theirwell being posted by dangerous conditions or products and asa safety measure to change

30、behavior so that people act safelyrather than unsafely.8.2 Warning signs shall be located in proximity to the actualhazard. They shall clearly and concisely tell people how toavoid being hurt in a way, which is readily understood andfollowed by those being warned. The signs shall providemotivation t

31、o act safely by explicitly stating the consequencesof failure to act appropriately and by the use of the signalwords: “DANGER”, “WARNING”, and “CAUTION”torefer to the severity of the threat to the well being of the personbeing warned. In the latter regard, the signal “DANGER”isused to denote the pos

32、sibility of serious permanent injury ordeath, the signal word “WARNING” is used to mark the threatof serious recoverable injury and the signal word “CAUTION”is used to mark the possibility of moderate or minor injury. Thesigns should also convey the unsafe conditions.8.3 Warning signs must be durabl

33、e, legible, illuminated, inlarge type, unambiguous, serious, and in simple language sothat all of the objectives are met for the duration of theexistence of the hazard.9. Maintenance and Inspection9.1 It is the responsibility of the owner to maintain theintegrity of the fence and to regularly inspec

34、t the gates, doors,etc. for proper closing and latching operation.9.2 Keep the area outside the fence free of toys, furniture, orother objects, which could be moved by a child and used toclimb the fence.F2698 08210. Keywords10.1 barrier; fence; fences; skate parkASTM International takes no position

35、respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.Th

36、is standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Int

37、ernational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown

38、 below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F2698 083