1、Designation: F2873 13Standard Practice forthe Installation of Self-Leveling Underlayment and thePreparation of Surface to Receive Resilient Flooring1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2873; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,
2、in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the installation of self-levelingunderlayments, which may in
3、clude a priming system, oversolid wood, wood structural panel subfloors, over concrete, andover certain solidly bonded existing flooring systems such asepoxy floors, ceramic and natural stone tiles, terrazzo, as wellas properly prepared non water-soluble adhesive residues asrecommended by the underl
4、ayment manufacturer. This practicealso covers the preparation of the self-leveling underlaymentssurface prior to the installation of resilient flooring.1.2 This practice points out the factors that are required tobe controlled while installing a self-leveling underlayment tobe used as a substrate fo
5、r resilient flooring.1.3 This practice does not cover the structural adequacy ofthe subfloor. The structural integrity of assemblies is governedby local building codes and may be superseded by the resilientflooring manufacturers requirements.1.4 This practice does not supersede the self-leveling un-
6、derlayment manufacturers, adhesive manufacturers or resil-ient flooring manufacturers written instructions. Consult theindividual manufacturer for specific recommendations.1.5 Many self-leveling underlayments are not suitable foruse on concrete slabs on grade or below due to potentialmoisture proble
7、ms arising from moisture intrusion. This mayoccur unless an adequate vapor retarder or vapor barrier ispresent directly beneath the concrete slab or an effectivemoisture remediation system has been installed beneath thesurface of the self-leveling underlayment. Consult the manu-facturer of the self-
8、leveling underlayment and flooring systemfor specific recommendations.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.7 This practi
9、ce does purport to address the necessity for orthe safe or correct removal of asbestos containing materials.Breathing of asbestos dust is hazardous. Asbestos and asbestosproducts present demonstrated health risks for users and forthose with whom they come into contact. In addition to otherprecaution
10、s, when working with asbestos-cement products,minimize the dust that results. For information on the safe useof chrysoltile asbestos, refer to “Safe Use of ChrysotileAsbestos: A Manual on Preventive and Control Measures.”21.8 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if an
11、y, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic CementC1583
12、 Test Method for Tensile Strength of Concrete Sur-faces and the Bond Strength or Tensile Strength ofConcrete Repair and Overlay Materials by Direct Tension(Pull-off Method)C1708 Test Methods for Self-leveling Mortars ContainingHydraulic CementsF141 Terminology Relating to Resilient Floor CoveringsF7
13、10 Practice for Preparing Concrete Floors to ReceiveResilient FlooringF1869 Test Method for Measuring Moisture Vapor EmissionRate of Concrete Subfloor Using Anhydrous CalciumChlorideF2170 Test Method for Determining Relative Humidity inConcrete Floor Slabs Using in situ ProbesF2420 Test Method for D
14、etermining Relative Humidity onthe Surface of Concrete Floor Slabs Using RelativeHumidity Probe Measurement and Insulated HoodF1482 Practice for Installation and Preparation of PanelType Underlayments to Receive Resilient Flooring1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F06 on Resi
15、lientFloor Coverings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F06.40 onPractices.Current edition approved June 1, 2013. Published July 2013. DOI: 10.1520/F2873-132Available from http:/3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at ser
16、viceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydra
17、ulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions used in this practice shall be in accordancewith Terminology F141.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 fully adhered flooring, nresilient flooring which hasadhesive under the entire product, bon
18、ding it to the underlay-ment surface.3.2.2 non-fully adhered flooring, nresilient flooring thatmay be loose laid, in which no adhesive is utilized, or partiallybonded to the surface of the underlayment, typically at seamsand the surrounding perimeter of the product.3.2.3 self-leveling underlayment s
19、ystem, na non-structural, hydraulic cement-based, poured mortar composedprimarily of hydraulic cements, fillers or fine aggregate, andwater, which may require the use of a primer to enhance bondstrength and inhibit pin hole development, and which isintended to provide a flat, smooth surface for the
20、finished floorcovering.3.2.4 subfloor, na structurally sound layer intended toprovide support for design loads, which may receive resilientfloor coverings directly if the surface is suitable to the flooringmanufacturer.3.2.5 wood structural panel, na panel manufactured fromveneers, or wood strands o
21、r wafers, or a combination of veneerand wood strands, or wafers, bonded together with waterproofsynthetic resins or other suitable, waterproof bonding systemssuch that they are considered to be Type 1 for exteriorexposure. Lauaun plywood is not recommended to receiveself-leveling compounds represent
22、ed in this practice.4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice provides minimum recommendations forthe installation of self-leveling underlayments suitable toreceive resilient floor coverings. This practice establishes theproper preparation of the subfloor, and installation methods andquality control
23、requirements for self-leveling underlayments.This practice addresses the preparation of the self-levelingunderlayments surface prior to the installation of floor cover-ings.4.2 Actual requirements for self-leveling underlayments aregenerally included as part of project plans or specifications andmay
24、 vary from the recommendations set forth in this practice.Provisions in the project documents at variance with thispractice shall take precedence.5. Product Requirements5.1 For the purpose of this practice, self-leveling underlay-ment shall be hydraulic cement based compounds, as defined in3.2.4 in
25、accordance with Terminology C219.5.2 Self-leveling underlayments shall be tested for compres-sive strength in accordance with Test Method C109/C109Mmodified (air-cured only as detailed in Test Methods C1708).Specified psi at 28 days shall be a minimum of 3000 psi (20.7MPa).6. Storage and Handling of
26、 Self-Leveling Underlayments6.1 Self-leveling underlayments included in this practiceshall be delivered to the jobsites in original, unopened,undamaged bags with identification labels intact. Bags and theenclosed material should not be damaged and shall be pro-tected from the elements after delivery
27、 to the jobsite.6.2 All products shall be kept off the ground and protectedfrom moisture and excessive heat or cold in accordance withthe manufacturers recommendations.7. General Guidelines7.1 The subfloor shall support design loads as required bythe prevailing building code but no greater than L/36
28、0. Use thestrictest criteria applicable.7.2 Subfloors shall be structurally sound and dimensionallystable so as to support both the uniform design live and deadloads in compliance with the local building code and theself-leveling underlayment manufacturer as well as the resilientflooring manufacture
29、rs installation requirements.7.3 Concrete subfloors shall be as described in PracticeF710, or meet the requirements of the manufacturer of theself-leveling underlayment and the manufacturer of the resil-ient floor covering, or both.7.3.1 Some self-leveling underlayments are recommendedby their manuf
30、acturers for use over concrete that is less than 28days old and may be part of a moisture remediation system.7.3.1.1 The suitability of such materials to receive resilientfloor coverings remains the sole responsibility of the self-leveling manufacturer.7.3.2 Wood subfloors shall be installed and pre
31、pared inaccordance with Practice F1482.7.4 The HVAC system shall be operational for the minimumspecified time period recommended in the moisture test(s)being performed prior to test commencement and shall remainon throughout the test to ensure accurate moisture testing.Otherwise, condition a test ar
32、ea to “in service condition”before testing.7.5 Concrete subfloors that exceed the floor covering manu-facturers requirements for moisture in 7.4 shall either be madeto dry out until the moisture requirements are within theflooring manufacturers limits or shall be remediated usingproducts that are su
33、itable to receive underlayments representedin this practice.7.6 Forty eight hours before, during and 72 h after installa-tion of the self-leveling underlayment is completed, the generalcontractor shall be responsible for ensuring that the buildingand substrate shall be ventilated and heated to a min
34、imum of50F (10C) and a maximum of 90F (32.2C) and with amaximum relative humidity of 70 % until subfloor and ambientconditions have stabilized.7.7 Installation of the self-leveling underlayment shall notbegin until the building is enclosed, including roof, windows,F2873 132doors and other openings,
35、unless the underlayment beinginstalled is totally water resistant, or is otherwise unaffected bycasual water. It is recommended that all overhead work becompleted prior to underlayment installation, to minimizesurface damage.7.8 Before installation of self-leveling underlayment, thecondition of the
36、structural subfloor assemblies and any requiredelevations shall be inspected and approved by the generalcontractor or owner, or both, as being suitable to receive theself-leveling underlayment to meet the flooring manufacturersrequirements.7.9 Self-leveling underlayment installation shall be per-for
37、med by an applicator trained to do this type of installationby the manufacturer of the self-leveling underlayment system,or one that can verify experience in performing the work of thispractice.7.10 The general contractor shall protect the self-levelingunderlayment, once installed, from drafts, dire
38、ct sunlight,excessive heat, and direct exposure construction and tradetraffic.7.10.1 Failure to adequately protect the surface of theself-leveling underlayment from the above conditions willresult in a need for additional surface preparation on theself-leveling underlayment prior to installation of
39、the resilientflooring.8. Preparation of Subfloor/Underlayment Panels8.1 The wood subfloor shall be of solid wood or structuralwood panel construction installed in accordance with PracticeF1482, clean, permanently dry, and free of any oil, grease, dirt,and other contaminating substances that could af
40、fect theperformance or act as a bond breaker. Loose boards shall bemechanically fastened. Badly cupped or warped board sub-floors shall be replaced before installation of underlayment.Any loose sections shall be fastened and any weak or delami-nated sections shall be removed and replaced.8.2 The sur
41、faces of the concrete structural subfloor shall bedry, clean, and free of construction wastes such as acoustic andwall texture, dry wall compound over spray, dirt, laitance,solvents, oil, grease, loosely bonded toppings, dust, tar, wax,residual adhesives, adhesive removers, curing and sealingcompoun
42、ds and other foreign materials as recommended by themanufacturer of the self-leveling underlayment. To ensuremaximum bonding of the self-leveling underlayment to theconcrete subfloor, mechanical profiling may be recommended.Consult the manufacturer of self-leveling underlayment forspecific requireme
43、nts. All warnings shall be adhered to inaccordance with Practice F710. (Refer to Supplemental Re-quirements Section S1.) Steel troweled concrete, concretesealed with curing compounds and any substance that could actas a bondbreaker shall be shot blasted or scarified by mechani-cal means. The surface
44、 removal must be sufficient to eliminatepenetrated contaminants. Acid washing or etching and the useof sweeping compounds and solvent adhesive removers shallnot be acceptable.8.3 The surfaces of other substrates shall be clean and freeof any contaminants that may reduce performance or act as abond b
45、reaker. All ceramic and stone tiles shall be solidlyadhered. Remove all loose tiles. Terrazzo surfaces shall bestripped of any dressings and each metal divider strip shall becoated with either a waterborne epoxy primer or 100 % solidsepoxy/sand broadcast method as per manufacturers instruc-tions. Ep
46、oxy flooring systems shall be verified and confirmedto be solidly bonded. Remove any loose or weak areas.Existing non-water soluble adhesive residues shall be wet-scraped to a thin, well-bonded residue using the guidelines setforth by the Resilient Floor Covering Institute. Contact theself-leveling
47、underlayment manufacturer for specific recom-mendations on using their underlayment over adhesive resi-dues.8.4 All cracks, voids and penetrations shall be sealed orfilled with a cementitious patching compound or other suitablerepair material as recommended by the underlayment manu-facturer for fill
48、ing and smoothing to prevent loss of materialduring pouring.8.5 Prior to installing the self-leveling underlayment, theconcrete subfloor moisture vapor emission rate or in siturelative humidity when tested in accordance with Test MethodF1869 or Test Method F2170 shall not exceed the maximum(s)recomm
49、ended by the self-leveling underlayment and flooringmanufacturer.8.6 Concrete subfloors that exceed the above requirementsshall either be allowed to continue to dry until the above levelsare met or be remediated using a system that may include theinstallation of a self-leveling underlayment as represented inthis practice. A bond test of the underlayment to the subfloorsurface which has been treated with the moisture mitigationsystem may be required by the manufacturer of the self-leveling underlayment.8.7 Where required by the manufacturer of
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