ASTM F2907-2013a Consumer Safety Specification for Sling Carriers《婴儿吊兜消费者安全规范》.pdf

1、Designation: F2907 13aConsumer Safety Specification forSling Carriers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2907; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses ind

2、icates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis consumer safety specification is intended to address incidents reported by the U.S. ConsumerProduct Safety Commission (CPSC) relating to sling carriers. In

3、 response to the incident datacompiled by the CPSC, this consumer safety specification attempts to minimize the hazards associatedwith these products from the following: (1) occupant retention, (2) deficiency of consumer educationregarding product use. This consumer safety specification is intended

4、to deal with reasonablyforeseeable use and misuse of the products. (This consumer safety specification does not apply toproducts that are blatantly misused, nor does it apply to products used by consumers in a carelessmanner that violate normal practice or disregard the instructions or warnings prov

5、ided with theproduct, or both.)1. Scope1.1 This consumer safety specification establishes perfor-mance requirements, test methods and marking requirements topromote safe use of sling carriers.1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to mini-mize the risk of injury to an occupant from the n

6、ormal use andreasonably foreseeable misuse of products.1.3 For purposes of definition, a sling carrier is a product offabric or sewn fabric construction, which is designed to containa child from birth (full term infant weighing 8 lb (3.6 kg) ormore) through 35 lb (15.9 kg), in an upright or reclined

7、position, while being supported by the caregivers torso.1.4 The sling carrier is normally “worn” by the caregiver,and thus the child is supported from one or both shoulders ofthe caregiver. These products are worn on the front, hip or backof the caregiver, with the child either facing towards or awa

8、yfrom the caregiver or reclined on the front only of thecaregiver.1.5 No sling carrier produced after the approval date of thisconsumer safety specification shall, either by label or othermeans, indicate compliance with the specification unless itcomplies with all of the requirements contained herei

9、n.1.6 This consumer safety specification is not intended toaddress incidents and injuries resulting from the interaction ofother persons or objects with the caregiver and child while thesling carrier is in use.1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given

10、in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish app

11、ro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test2.2 Federal Regulations:316 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and CertainConsumer Product

12、 Bearing Lead-Containing Paint16 CFR 1500.44 Method for Determining Extremely Flam-mable and Flammable Solids16 CFR 1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining aSharp Point in Toys or Other Articles Intended for Use ByChildren Under Eight Years of Age1This test method is under the jurisdiction of

13、 ASTM Committee F15 onConsumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.21 onInfant Carriers, Bouncers and Baby Swings.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2013. Published October 2013. Originallyapproved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F2907 13. DOI:10.1520/F2907

14、-13A.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superint

15、endent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States116 CFR 1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining aSharp Metal or Glass Edg

16、e in Toys or Other ArticlesIntended for Use By Children Under Eight Years of Age16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and Other Ar-ticles Intended for Use by Children Under Three Years ofAge Which Present Choking, Aspiration or IngestionHazards Because of Small Parts3. Terminology3.1 Definitions o

17、f Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 attachment system, nfastenings, straps, hoops, buck-les or similar parts which are fitted to the sling carrier for thepurpose of securing the article to the caregivers torso.3.1.2 conspicuous, adjvisible when the product is in themanufacturers carrying positio

18、n to a caregiver who is placingthe occupant in the sling carrier or when the caregiver placesthe product on his or her body.3.1.3 dynamic load, napplication of impulsive forcethrough free fall of a weight.3.1.4 fabric, nany woven, knit, coated, laminated, ex-truded or calendered flexible material th

19、at is intended to besewn, welded, heat sealed, or glued together as an assembly.3.1.5 full term infant, na baby born 38+ weeks afterconception.3.1.6 manufacturers recommended carrying position(s),nany carrying position that is presented as a normal,allowable, or acceptable configuration for use of t

20、he product bythe manufacturer in any descriptive or instructional literature.3.1.6.1 DiscussionThis specifically excludes positionsthat the manufacturer shows in a like manner in its literature tobe unacceptable, unsafe or not recommended.3.1.7 non-paper label, nany label material (such as plasticor

21、 metal) that either will not tear without the aid of tools ortears, leaving a sharply defined edge.3.1.8 occupant, nindividual who is placed or carried in thesling carrier in one of the manufacturers recommended carry-ing positions in accordance with 1.4.3.1.9 paper label, nany label material which

22、tears withoutthe aid of tools and leaves a fibrous edge.3.1.10 reclined, nany position other than upright.3.1.11 restraint system, na means of securing the occu-pant in any of manufacturers recommended carrying posi-tions.3.1.12 seam, na place where fabric components arejoined, by means such as sewi

23、ng, welding, heat sealing, orgluing.3.1.13 static load, na force applied by a calibrated forcegage or by dead weights.3.1.14 support area, nthe area in the sling carrier wherethe occupants weight rests in the product in either a sitting orreclining position.4. Calibration and Standardization4.1 The

24、product shall be completely assembled in accor-dance with the manufacturers instructions.4.2 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufac-ture.4.3 The product to be tested shall be at an ambient tempera-ture of 73 6 9F (23 6 5C) for at least one hour beforetesting.All testing shall be conduc

25、ted in this temperature range.4.4 All testing required by this consumer safety specifica-tion shall be conducted on the same unit in the order presentedin this specification, except where directly indicated.5. General Requirements5.1 LaunderingThe sling shall be washed and dried twicein accordance w

26、ith the manufacturers instructions. Any result-ing shrinkage shall not prevent any removable parts from beingrefitted without damaging the seams of the fabric and shall notimpair the performance and use of the article. *This test will bethe first test conducted on the fabric.*5.2 Hazardous Sharp Poi

27、nts or EdgesThere shall be nosharp points or edges as defined by 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16CFR 1500.49 before and after testing.5.3 Small PartsThere shall be no small parts as defined by16 CFR 1501 before testing or liberated as a result of testing tothis specification.5.4 Lead in PaintThe paint or surfa

28、ce coating on theproduct shall comply with 16 CFR 1303.5.5 Wood PartsPrior to testing, any wooden parts shall besmooth and free of splinters.5.6 Locking and LatchingAny product designed with alocking or latching attachment system must remain in themanufacturers recommended carrying position before a

29、ndafter completion of all tests in this standard.5.7 LabelingWarning labels (whether paper or non-paper)shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 7.3.5.7.1 Warning statements applied directly onto the surfaceof the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, woodburning, and so forth s

30、hall be permanent when tested inaccordance with 7.4.5.7.2 Non-paper labels shall not liberate small parts whentested in accordance with 7.4.5.8 OpeningsHoles or slots that extend entirely through awall section of any rigid material less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm)thick and admit a 0.210 in. (5.33 mm) d

31、iameter rod shall alsoadmit a 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) diameter rod. Holes or slots thatare between 0.210 in. (5.33 mm) and 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) andhave a wall thickness less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm), but arelimited in depth to 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) maximum by anotherrigid surface shall be permissible (see

32、Fig. 1). The product shallbe evaluated in all manufacturers recommended carryingpositions.5.9 Scissoring, Shearing, and PinchingA product, whenin a manufacturers recommended carrying position, shall bedesigned and constructed so as to prevent injury to theoccupant from any scissoring, shearing, or p

33、inching whenmembers or components rotate about a common axis orfastening point, slide, pivot, fold, or otherwise move relative toone another. Scissoring, shearing, or pinching that may causeF2907 13a2injury shall not be permissible when the edges of any rigidparts admit a probe greater than 0.210 in

34、. (5.33 mm) and lessthan 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) diameter at any accessible pointthroughout the range of motion of such parts.5.10 Monofilament ThreadsMonofilament threads shallnot be used.5.11 FlammabilityFabrics and plastics shall not produceany flash effect when tested in accordance with 16 CFR1500.4

35、4(c) (6) (vi). This test will be the last test conducted onthe fabric.6. Performance Requirements6.1 Structural IntegrityAt test conclusion, there shall beno seam separation, breakage or disengagement of attachmentsystems, or a hazardous condition as defined in Section 5.Adjustable attachment system

36、s of the sling carrier shall not slipmore than 1 in. (25.44 mm) per element.6.1.1 Static LoadThe sling carrier shall support a staticload when tested in accordance with 7.1.6.1.2 Dynamic LoadThe sling carrier shall support adynamic load when tested in accordance with 7.2.6.2 Restraint SystemIf the m

37、anufacturer includes a re-straint system on the product:6.2.1 The restraint system shall include both waist andcrotch restraint, where the crotch restraints use is mandatorywhen the waist restraint system is in use.6.2.2 The anchorages for the restraint system shall notseparate from their attachment

38、 points through normal use whentested in accordance with 7.6.6.3 Occupant Retention:6.3.1 When tested in accordance with 7.5, after 90 cyclesthe maximum slippage of the attachment system and therestraint system (if applicable) shall be 1 in.FIG. 1 Opening ExampleF2907 13a36.3.2 When tested in accord

39、ance with 7.5, after the comple-tion of 1000 cycles the attachment system and the restraintsystem (if applicable) shall not be released.7. Test Methods7.1 Static Load Test:7.1.1 Fasten the sling carrier to a test torso (see Fig. 2)asdirected in the instruction manual supplied with the product. Ifthe

40、 sling carrier is manufactured in multiple sizes, the size thatfits the test torso is the required size for the sample submission.7.1.2 Using a 6 in. (150 mm) standard weld cap (see Fig. 3),center a weight equal to three times the manufacturersmaximum recommended weight, or 60 lb (27.2 kg), whicheve

41、ris greater, in the support area of the sling carrier. Include theweight of the weld cap in the total. Gradually apply the weightwithin a 5-s period and maintain for an additional 1 min.7.1.3 Repeat 7.1.1 and 7.1.2 for all manufacturers recom-mended carrying positions.7.2 Dynamic Load Test:7.2.1 Fas

42、ten the sling carrier to a test torso (see Fig. 2)asdirected in the instruction manual supplied with the product. Ifthe sling carrier is manufactured in multiple sizes, the size thatfits the test torso is the required size for the sample submission.7.2.2 Position a weight of 35 lb (15.9 kg) usinga6t

43、o8in.diameter shot bag a distance of 1 in. (25 mm) above the supportarea of the sling carrier. Drop the weight onto the support areaten times with a cycle time of 4 6 1s/cycle to preset theattachment system. By some appropriate means, mark theposition of the attachment system. If sling does not have

44、 anyhardware and is fastened by means of fabric, mark the positionon the fabric. This will be the start point of the remainder of thetest.7.2.3 Drop the weight onto the support area an additional1000 times with a cycle time of 4 6 1s/cycle. If the sling,according to manufacturers instructions, has m

45、ore than onecarrying position, the 1000 cycles will be divided among thedifferent carrying positions.7.3 Permanency of Labels and Warnings:7.3.1 A paper label (excluding labels attached by a seam)shall be considered permanent if, during an attempt to removeit without the aid of tools or solvents, it

46、 cannot be removed, ittears into pieces upon removal, or such action damages thesurface to which it is attached.7.3.2 A non-paper label (excluding labels attached by aseam) shall be considered permanent if, during an attempt toremove it without the aid of tools or solvents, it cannot beremoved or su

47、ch action damages the surface to which it isattached.7.3.3 A warning label attached by a seam shall be consid-ered permanent if it does not detach when subjected to a 15 lbf(67 N) pull force applied in any direction most likely to causefailure using a 0.75 in. (19 mm) diameter clamp surface (seeFig.

48、 4). Gradually apply the force over 5 s and maintain for anadditional 10 s.7.4 Adhesion Test for Warnings Applied Directly onto theSurface of the Product:7.4.1 Apply the tape test defined in Test Methods D3359,Test Method BCross-Cut Tape Test of Test Methods, elimi-nating parallel cuts.7.4.2 Perform

49、 this test once in each different location wherewarnings are applied.7.4.3 The warning statements will be considered permanentif the printing in the area tested is still legible and attached afterbeing subjected to this test.FIG. 2 Test TorsoFIG. 3 Standard 6 in. (150 mm) Weld CapF2907 13a47.4.4 A non-paper label, during an attempt to remove itwithout the aid of tools or solvents, shall not fit entirely withinthe small parts cylinder defined in 16 CFR 1501 if it can beremoved.7.5 Occupant Retention Test:7.5.1 Test Equipment:7.5.1