ASTM F2970-2017 Standard Practice for Design Manufacture Installation Operation Maintenance Inspection and Major Modification of Trampoline Courts《蹦床场地设计、制造、安装、操作、维护、检查和重大改造的标准实施规程.pdf

1、Designation: F2970 15F2970 17Standard Practice forDesign, Manufacture, Installation, Operation, Maintenance,Inspection and Major Modification of Trampoline Courts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2970; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal

2、 adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 The purpose of this practice is to delineate requirements regarding

3、 the design, manufacture, installation, operation,maintenance, inspection and major modification of commercial or institutional trampoline courts with the primary purpose ofamusement, entertainment or recreation.1.2 This standard applies to institutional trampoline courts that are located in and aro

4、und amusement, entertainment orrecreational facilities. Such facilities include but are not limited to trampoline parks, amusement parks, theme parks, water parks,family entertainment centers, fitness centers, gyms, gymnastics facilities, sports facilities, skate parks, camps, shopping centers,tempo

5、rary special events, carnivals and municipal parks.1.3 This standard applies to devices manufactured on or after the date of publication of this standard practice.1.4 This practice establishes guidelines that will provide a level of conformity for the purpose of reducing potential hazards topatrons,

6、 court attendants, and spectators.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the hazards associated with institutional trampoline courts. The standardsexistence alone will not prevent injuries. Like other physical activities, institutional trampoline court use involves the risk of injury,p

7、articularly if the equipment is used improperly or if users exceed their capabilities, endurance, training, or experience.1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be con

8、sidered as requirements of the standard.1.7 This practice includes an annex (mandatory), which provides additional information (for example, rationale, background,interpretations, drawings, commentary, and so forth) to improve the users understanding and application of the criteria presentedin this

9、practice. The annex information shall be interpreted as mandatory criteria.1.8 This practice includes an appendix (non-mandatory), which provides additional information (for example, rationale,background, interpretations, drawings, commentary, and so forth.)forth) to improve the users understanding

10、and application of thecriteria presented in this practice. The appendix information shall not be interpreted as mandatory criteria.1.9 This standard includes the following sections:SectionScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Significance and Use 4Quality, Manufacture, Construction and Installat

11、ion 5General Design 6Design 7Major Modification 8Information Plate 9Information Requirements 10Certifications 11Performance Criteria 12Classification of Injuries and Illnesses 13Notification Requirements 14Manufacturer Responsibilities 151 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F2

12、4 on Amusement Rides and Devices and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F24.60F24.61 onSpecial Rides/AttractionsAdventure Attractions.Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2015Dec. 1, 2017. Published April 2015January 2018. Originally approved in 2013. Last previous edition approved in 2013201

13、5 asF2970 13.F2970 15. DOI: 10.1520/F2970-15.10.1520/F2970-17.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all ch

14、anges accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.

15、United States1SectionOwner/Operator Responsibilities 16Patron Education 17Patron Responsibility 18Children Zones 19Keywords 20Appendix Appendix X11.10 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units th

16、at are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.11 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmenta

17、l practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.12 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides

18、 and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D737 Test Method for Air Permeability of Textile FabricsD3574 Test Methods for Flexible Cellular MaterialsSlab, Bonded, and Molded Urethane FoamsD3786 Tes

19、t Method for Bursting Strength of Textile FabricsDiaphragm Bursting Strength Tester MethodD3787 Test Method for Bursting Strength of TextilesConstant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT) Ball Burst TestD4533 Test Method for Trapezoid Tearing Strength of GeotextilesD4632 Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elon

20、gation of GeotextilesD4833 Test Method for Index Puncture Resistance of Geomembranes and Related ProductsD5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)D5672 Test Method for Testing Flexible Cellular Materials Measurement of Indentation Force Deflection Using a

21、25-mm 1-in.Deflection TechniqueD6413 Test Method for Flame Resistance of Textiles (Vertical Test)E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building MaterialsE648 Test Method for Critical Radiant Flux of Floor-Covering Systems Using a Radiant Heat Energy SourceF355 Test Method for Impact

22、 Attenuation of Playing Surface Systems, Other Protective Sport Systems, and Materials Used forAthletics, Recreation and PlayF747 Terminology Relating to Amusement Rides and DevicesF770 Practice for Ownership, Operation, Maintenance, and Inspection of Amusement Rides and DevicesF1193 Practice for Qu

23、ality, Manufacture, and Construction of Amusement Rides and DevicesF2291 Practice for Design of Amusement Rides and DevicesF2374 Practice for Design, Manufacture, Operation, and Maintenance of Inflatable Amusement DevicesF2375 Practice for Design, Manufacture, Installation and Testing of Climbing Ne

24、ts and Netting/Mesh used inAmusement Rides,Devices, Play Areas and AttractionsF2650 Terminology Relating to Impact Testing of Sports Surfaces and Equipment2.2 AISC Manuals:3AISC 316 Manual on Steel Construction, Allowable Stress Design (ASD)AISC M015 Manual on Steel Construction, Load free from unpr

25、otectedprotruding studs, bolts, screws, sharp edges and corners, and rough or splintered surfaces; and considered for impact attenuationmaterial as appropriate.6.5 Security of Patron Containment System:6.5.1 Any system or systems used to support and contain the patron(s) shall be securely fixed to t

26、he structure of the trampolinecourt or immediately adjacent structure and shall have adequate strength for the intended forces produced by the trampoline courtand the reasonably foreseeable actions of the patron(s).6.5.1.1 When an immediately adjacent wall is used for patron containment, the distanc

27、e between TC frame and the wall shallnot exceed 3 in. (7.62 cm).6.6 Loads and Strengths:6.6.1 The designer/engineer shall perform and document a risk analysis.6.6.2 Trampoline courts shall be designed so that load conditions expected during operation shall not cause failures during theoperational ho

28、urs assumed in the analysis.6.6.2.1 An exception to 6.6.2 may be made in the case of components and portions of structures that are intended to providesecondary load paths during a failure condition. Components such as safety cables or links and certain limited portions of theprimary structure that

29、they are attached to, may be designed to yield (and thus absorb a significant amount of energy) whensubjected to load conditions expected to occur during a plausible, although unlikely primary structure failure scenario. In suchcases, the expected failure mode loading shall not cause rupture to occu

30、r (that is, the stresses shall not exceed the ultimate strength).Designs that rely on such criteria shall utilize materials that possess high elongation for components where stresses may beexpected to exceed the yield strength under failure mode loading conditions.6.7 Patron Weight:6.7.1 The weight

31、assigned to an adult or child patron, for design purposes, shall be 170 lb (77.11 kg).6.7.2 The designer/engineer may assign higher weight values for design purposes in accordance with the requirements of thisstandard practice.6.7.3 As a nonfatigue, dynamic case, trampoline courts shall be designed

32、for occasional full or partial loads of large adultparticipants weighing 300 pounds (136.08 kg) per participant or an appropriate lesser amount if recommended by the trampolinecourt manufacturer. This means that if an adult patron weighing 300 pounds (136.08 kg) is restricted from participation by s

33、ignageor other means recommended by the manufacturer, then the trampoline court does not have to be designed to accommodate foroccasional full or partial loads of large adult patrons weighing 300 pounds (136.08 kg). In this case, the trampoline court shall bedesigned to accommodate occasional full o

34、r partial loads of the heaviest adult patrons that the trampoline court is designed toaccommodate.6.8 Variable loads (that is, live load) for a trampoline court include all loads that fluctuate with respect to time. Variable loadsare divided into four subsets: operational loads, nonoperational loads

35、, environmental loads, operation in wind and non-operationalin wind.6.8.1 Operational (Dynamic) Loads:6.8.1.1 Operational loads include varying loads normally encountered during operation of the trampoline court.6.8.2 Nonoperational Loads:6.8.2.1 All loads associated with transportation or handling

36、or both (that is, setting up, tearing down) and ongoing maintenanceof portable and permanent trampoline courts shall be considered in the analysis.6.8.3 Environmental Loads:6.8.3.1 Portable trampoline courts shall be designed to resist all designer/engineer defined environmental loads.6.8.3.2 Fixed

37、or permanent trampoline courts shall be designed to resist all applicable environmental loads for the intendedlocation in accordance with the environmental loads in the applicable building codes for the intended location.6.8.3.3 The designer/engineer shall clearly indicate the environmental loads th

38、e trampoline court was designed for, in theoperating and maintenance instructions. Refer to Practice F1193-06. In addition to the environmental load information, anyrestrictions, limitations, or special procedures associated with trampoline courts exposed to these environmental loads shall beinclude

39、d.6.8.4 Operation in Wind:6.8.4.1 As a minimum, trampoline courts exposed to wind shall be designed to operate in winds up to 34 mph (15 m/s).6.8.4.2 The designer/engineer or manufacturer shall include any restrictions, limitations, or special procedures for the operationof a trampoline court expose

40、d to wind, in the operating and maintenance instructions. See section on Manufacturers Responsibilityof Practice F1193-06.6.8.5 Nonoperational in Wind:F2970 1756.8.5.1 The designer/engineer or manufacturer shall include any restrictions, limitations, or special procedures for nonoperatingor out-of-s

41、ervice trampoline courts, and their associated components exposed to wind, in the operating and maintenanceinstructions. See section on Manufacturers Responsibility of Practice F1193-06.6.9 Design:6.9.1 A structural analysis shall be performed for each trampoline court to verify that there is adequa

42、te structural capability inthe design.6.9.2 The type of calculation or analysis selected shall be a widely recognized and generally accepted engineering practice.6.9.3 The structural analyses performed shall consider and incorporate all significant loads and identify all significant stressesand stra

43、ins that are anticipated to be experienced by the trampoline court.6.9.4 The required strength of the structure and its elements shall be demonstrated both statically and dynamically using aminimum of five times the weight of an adult patron per 6.7.1.6.9.5 Structures shall be analyzed to verify tha

44、t significant plastic deformation or collapse or both does not occur under anyanticipated loading condition, consistent with the analysis expected to occur a limited number of times throughout the operationalhours used in the design. Examples include environmental loads, patrons attempting to apply

45、excessive (that is, abusive) loads, andextremely heavy patron weights.6.9.6 A deflection analysis shall be performed if deformations in structural members or structural systems due to expectedloading conditions could impair the serviceability of the structure.6.9.7 The structural analysis for the tr

46、ampoline court shall consider “strength” and “fatigue” criteria in the evaluation of stressesresulting from the application of loads. The number of times that a specific load or combination of loads is expected to occurthroughout the designated number of operational hours for the trampoline court sh

47、all determine whether the resulting stress levelswill be compared to strength or strength and fatigue material allowables.The method of analysis and load factors applied to specificloads shall be selected and based upon the number of times loads are expected to occur during the specified number of o

48、perationalhours (that is, strength versus fatigue evaluation).6.9.8 The yield and ultimate strengths and fatigue properties of the materials utilized for all components that could affect safetyupon failure of the component shall be evaluated. Empirical testing, or empirical testing in combination wi

49、th analysis, may be usedas a means of evaluating the strength and fatigue properties of the materials for these components. If empirical testing is used forevaluation, the designer/engineer shall clearly specify and describe the testing procedure and refer to the section on Testing ofPractice F1193-06.7. Design7.1 Device Use Zone (See Fig. 1):7.1.1 Device use zone shall comprise the area from the ground surface underneath the TC beds to 204 in. (518.16 cm) abovethe ground surface. (See Fig. 1.)7.1.2 The device use zone should be free from overhead obstructions including