ASTM F3003-2014 Standard Specification for Quality Assurance of a Small Unmanned Aircraft System &40 sUAS&41 《小型无人航空器系统40 sUAS41质量保证用标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: F3003 14Standard Specification forQuality Assurance of a Small Unmanned Aircraft System(sUAS)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3003; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last

2、revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard defines the quality assurance requirementsfor the design, manufacture, and production of a small un-manned ai

3、rcraft system (sUAS).1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior t

4、o use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F2910 Specification for Design, Construction, and Test of aSmall Unmanned Aircraft System (sUAS)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 manufacturer, nentity responsible for assembly andintegration of components and subs

5、ystems to create a safeoperating sUAS. The builder of kit built systems provided bya manufacturer must conform to the manufacturers assemblyand test instructions without deviation in order for that kit builtsystem to meet this standard.3.1.2 permanent record, nrecords that shall be kept foreach sUAS

6、 produced.3.1.3 propulsion system, nconsists of one or more powerplants (for example, a combustion engine or an electric motorand, if used, a propeller or rotor) together with the associatedinstallation of fuel system, control and electrical power supply(for example, batteries, electronic speed cont

7、rols, fuel cells, orother energy supply).3.1.4 quality assurance manual, QAM, ndocumentationof the quality assurance program.3.1.5 quality assurance program, QAP, nmethod of in-spections used by the manufacturer to validate and ensure theproper production thereof.3.1.6 quality assurance record, QAR,

8、 nrecord of qualityassurance associated with each sUAS produced.3.1.7 small unmanned aircraft system, sUAS, ncomposedof the small unmanned aircraft (sUA) and all required on-boardsubsystems, payload, control station, other required off-boardsubsystems, any required launch and recovery equipment, and

9、command and control (C2) links between the UA and thecontrol station. For purposes of this standard, sUAS is synony-mous with a small Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (sRPAS)and sUAis synonymous with a small Remotely PilotedAircraft(sRPA).3.1.8 supplier, nany entity engaged in the design andproducti

10、on of components (other than a payload which is notrequired for safe operation of the sUAS) used on a sUAS.3.1.8.1 DiscussionWhere the supplier is not themanufacturer, the supplier can only ensure that the componentscomply with accepted consensus standards.3.2 Shall versus Should versus MayUse of th

11、e word“shall” implies that a procedure or statement is mandatory andmust be followed to comply with this standard, “should”implies recommended, and “may” implies optional at thediscretion of the supplier, manufacturer, or operator. Since“shall” statements are requirements, they include sufficientdet

12、ail needed to define compliance (for example, thresholdvalues, test methods, oversight, reference to other standards).“Should” statement are provided as guidance towards theoverall goal of improving safety, and could include onlysubjective statements. “Should” statements also represent pa-rameters t

13、hat could be used in safety evaluations, and couldlead to development of future requirements. “May” statementsare provided to clarify acceptability of a specific item orpractice, and offer options for satisfying requirements.4. Applicability4.1 This standard is written for all sUAS that are permitte

14、dto operate over a defined area and in airspace defined by anations governing aviation authority (GAA). It is assumed thata visual observer(s) will provide for the sense-and-avoid1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F38 onUnmannedAircraft Systems and is the direct responsibi

15、lity of Subcommittee F38.01on Airworthiness.Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2014. Published January 2014. DOI: 10.1520/F3003-14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume informat

16、ion, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1requirement to prevent collisions with other aircraft and thatthe maximum range and altitude at which a sUAS can be f

17、lownwill be specified by the nations GAA. Unless otherwisespecified by a nations GAA this standard applies only to UAthat have a maximum take off gross weight of 55 lb/25 kg orless.4.2 If a QA manager of a manufacturer that meets arecognized QA standard (ISO, etc) develops and retains evi-dence that

18、 the provisions of that recognized QAstandard meetsthe spirit and intent of this standard then that QA manager canstate that the manufacturers QA process meets the provisionsof this standard. The manufacturers QA manager shall ensurethat suppliers QA processes meet applicable portions of thisstandar

19、d.5. Quality Assurance Program (QAP)5.1 Manufacturers of sUAS shall develop a QAP in accor-dance with the criteria established within this standard.5.2 Quality Assurance Manual (QAM)Manufacturersshall document their QAP in the form of a QAM.5.3 Quality Assurance AdministrationThe manufacturersadmini

20、stration charged with the implementation of the QAPmay consist of one or more company employees, companyofficials, or manufacturers agents or assigns. The individualsor entities that make up the quality assurance administrationshall be identified within the QAM. The QAPmethodology andany quality req

21、uirements flowing down to suppliers shall bedocumented in the QAM.5.4 Quality Assurance Record (QAR)A record shall bemaintained of the date of acceptance and the origin of materialsused in the production of system components considered by themanufacturer to be required for the safe operation of thei

22、rsUAS (see Note 1 and 5.4.1).NOTE 1The intent of this record is to provide a means for themanufacturer to identify and reduce the number of sUAS within a fleetthat may be affected by a materials anomaly that would require correctiveaction, thereby reducing the economic impact of such corrective acti

23、on.5.4.1 The manufacturer shall maintain a QAR for eachsUAS produced. Each QAR shall consist of the following:5.4.1.1 Applicable final inspection records, check, and testdocumentation from the production acceptance procedures (seeSection 8).5.4.1.2 A copy of the manufacturers Record of Compli-ance.5

24、.4.1.3 The configuration of each sUAS at its point ofdelivery (for continued operational safety monitoringpurposes), including associated parts lists, installed equipmentlists, software version/versions, and a listing of all engineeringchanges and any deviations from the initial as designed/astested

25、 configuration.NOTE 2Each item listed in 5.4.1 shall include the sUAS serial numberand date of manufacture.5.5 Quality Assurance RevisionsA system shall be imple-mented to ensure that only the latest revisions to the QAM arein use.5.6 Quality Assurance AuditsThe manufacturer shall con-duct a biennia

26、l (every two years) audit of their QAP andmaintain a record of all such audits. Any determination ofnoncompliance shall be resolved and a revision to the QAMshall be made if necessary to address any anomalies found.6. Engineering and Manufacture6.1 Record of ComplianceThe manufacturer shall keep ape

27、rmanent record of the design documentation used to showcompliance for a particular configuration.6.2 Configuration ControlAll sUAS configurations inproduction shall have Records of Compliance to the latestreleased revision.6.3 Production DocumentationThe manufacturer shallmaintain a record of all pr

28、oduction documentation, includingrevisions to both manufacturing material, or assemblyprocesses, or both. Production documentation shall include, butis not limited to, the following:6.3.1 Parts lists,6.3.2 Process sheets/routings,6.3.3 Component and assembly drawings,6.3.4 Manufacturing instructions

29、 and specifications,6.3.5 Tooling and gauge drawings,6.3.6 Software,6.3.7 Tooling and test equipment calibration documentation,and6.3.8 Manufacturing material tests.6.4 Special ProcessesA system shall be implemented tocontrol all special processes and services related to the pro-duction of airframe

30、components considered by the manufac-turer to be critical to the structural integrity of the sUAS, suchas welding, brazing, heat treatment, plating, structuralcomposites, adhesive bonding, and others appropriate to thesUAS design, that ensures that each process and service isperformed in accordance

31、with approved specifications contain-ing definitive standards of quality. Required periodic inspec-tion or calibration, or both, of tooling, gauges, solutions, or anycritical equipment used in special processes related to theproduction of sUAS shall be documented.7. QA Inspections7.1 Manufacturers s

32、hall implement and document in theQAP a system of inspections to validate conformity of productto all applicable engineering requirements and productionspecifications.7.1.1 Conforming, nonconforming, and items awaiting in-spection shall be segregated or clearly distinguishable. Itemsfound to be nonc

33、onforming shall either be evaluated by aMaterials Review Board (MRB) per 7.3 or rejected per 7.4.7.2 Receiving InspectionThe manufacturer shall imple-ment a purchasing procedure that shall ensure all items orderedare clearly specified. Incoming items provided by outsidevendors shall be inspected for

34、 conformity to applicable speci-fications or production documentation or both.Arecord of suchacceptance, to include the person accepting the material, shallbe included in the permanent record.F3003 1427.3 Evaluation of Nonconforming Items by a MaterialsReview BoardA Materials Review Board (MRB) shal

35、l beestablished to determine the disposition of items that do notconform to all applicable engineering requirements and pro-duction specifications (nonconforming items) and shall consistof one or more manufacturers designated technical represen-tatives. MRB representatives shall be identified within

36、 theQAM. If analysis, additional inspection, functional checks,repair, rework, or a use “as is” determination assures that anitem meets all of the relevant design requirements, the MRBmay authorize its use in the production of a sUAS. Otherwise,the item shall be rejected.7.4 The manufacturer shall k

37、eep a permanent record show-ing the disposition of nonconforming items that have beenevaluated and accepted by the MRB. The QAR shall documentthe use of any nonconforming material.7.5 Rejection of Nonconforming ItemsA process for dis-posing of items found to be unusable due to damage, shelf lifelimi

38、ts, or other variations shall be defined and implemented. Arejected item shall be mutilated, disposed of, or sufficientlymarked as rejected to ensure that it is not used in the productionof a sUAS. A rejected item may be secured in a reservedholding area for future disposition or disposal.8. Product

39、ion Acceptance8.1 Final InspectionsThe manufacturer shall verify andrecord that the QAR up to the point of acceptance testing iscurrent for each sUAS produced prior to conducting thefollowing production acceptance procedures.8.2 Final TestingThe manufacturer shall validate theproper completion of an

40、y ready to fly sUAS by conducting afinal system test in accordance with the requirements ofSpecification F2910.8.3 Instrument CalibrationAny sUAS instrument requir-ing periodic calibrations shall have a calibration with traceabil-ity to a documented requirement (including currency) ortolerance. Tool

41、s or test equipment (pitot/static tester, compass,and so forth) used to calibrate a sUAS instrument, as well as alltest equipment, should be documented and calibrated withtraceability to a recognized standard.8.4 Resolution of DiscrepanciesThe manufacturer shalldevelop and implement a system to corr

42、ect any anomaliesfound during ground checks or flight testing and be docu-mented in the QAP.8.4.1 NoncomplianceAny sUAS that fails any productionacceptance test required by this practice shall be physicallytagged as noncompliant. Anomalies shall be reworked permanufacturers instructions and each rew

43、orked anomaly shallbe reevaluated.8.4.2 Noncompliance TagA noncompliance notice shallbe attached to the aircraft in such a manner that it is in clearview of a potential operator of the sUAS.8.5 Production Acceptance DocumentationA writtenchecklist may be used as an acceptable method of documentingpr

44、oduction acceptance inspections, checks, and tests and shallbe included in the QAR for each sUAS if one is used.9. Assignment of QA Duties and Responsibilities9.1 Duties for all QA representatives shall be documentedand specify responsibilities and levels of authority.9.2 sUAS manufacturers may assi

45、gn QA duties and respon-sibilities to outside parties for the purpose of establishingsatellite manufacturing, assembly, or distribution facilities, or acombination thereof. Any such assignment shall be docu-mented in the QAP.9.3 sUAS manufacturers shall establish training and evalu-ation programs fo

46、r all personnel assigned QA duties andresponsibilities.9.4 The manufacturer shall take appropriate steps to ensurethat persons performing the QA representative role can provideindependent input on product conformity to the manufacturerssenior management.10. Keywords10.1 production acceptance; qualit

47、y assurance; QA; smallunmanned aircraft system; sUASASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rig

48、hts, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for

49、 revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual repr