ImageVerifierCode 换一换
格式:PDF , 页数:3 ,大小:64.07KB ,
资源ID:540422      下载积分:5000 积分
快捷下载
登录下载
邮箱/手机:
温馨提示:
如需开发票,请勿充值!快捷下载时,用户名和密码都是您填写的邮箱或者手机号,方便查询和重复下载(系统自动生成)。
如填写123,账号就是123,密码也是123。
特别说明:
请自助下载,系统不会自动发送文件的哦; 如果您已付费,想二次下载,请登录后访问:我的下载记录
支付方式: 支付宝扫码支付 微信扫码支付   
注意:如需开发票,请勿充值!
验证码:   换一换

加入VIP,免费下载
 

温馨提示:由于个人手机设置不同,如果发现不能下载,请复制以下地址【http://www.mydoc123.com/d-540422.html】到电脑端继续下载(重复下载不扣费)。

已注册用户请登录:
账号:
密码:
验证码:   换一换
  忘记密码?
三方登录: 微信登录  

下载须知

1: 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。
2: 试题试卷类文档,如果标题没有明确说明有答案则都视为没有答案,请知晓。
3: 文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
5. 本站仅提供交流平台,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

版权提示 | 免责声明

本文(ASTM G160-2003(2009) Standard Practice for Evaluating Microbial Susceptibility of Nonmetallic Materials by Laboratory Soil Burial《用实验室土壤埋藏法评估微生物对非金属材料灵敏度的标准惯例》.pdf)为本站会员(unhappyhay135)主动上传,麦多课文库仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。 若此文所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私,请立即通知麦多课文库(发送邮件至master@mydoc123.com或直接QQ联系客服),我们立即给予删除!

ASTM G160-2003(2009) Standard Practice for Evaluating Microbial Susceptibility of Nonmetallic Materials by Laboratory Soil Burial《用实验室土壤埋藏法评估微生物对非金属材料灵敏度的标准惯例》.pdf

1、Designation: G 160 03 (Reapproved 2009)Standard Practice forEvaluating Microbial Susceptibility of Nonmetallic MaterialsBy Laboratory Soil Burial1This standard is issued under the fixed designation G 160; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in

2、the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice is limited to the method of conducting anevaluation of a nonmetallic m

3、aterials microbiological suscep-tibility when in contact with the natural environment of thesoil. This practice is intended for use on solid material testspecimens that are no larger than approximately 2 cm (34 in.)thick and 100 cm2(20 in.2) or on film forming materials suchas coatings which may be

4、tested in the form of films at least 50by 50 mm (2 by 2 in.) in size. This practice may be applied toarticles that do not spend the majority of their service life insoil.1.2 A wide variety of properties may be affected by micro-bial attack depending on material or item characteristics.Standard metho

5、ds (where available) should be used for eachdifferent property to be evaluated. This practice does notattempt to enumerate all of the possible properties of interestnor specify the most appropriate test for those properties. Testmethods must, however, be appropriate to the material beingtested.1.3 I

6、t is recommended that this practice be combined withappropriate environmental exposures (for example, sunlightsimulating weathering devices, the hydrolytic effects of ex-tended aqueous contact, or extraneous nutrients) or fabricationinto articles (for example, adhesive bonding of seams) whichmay pro

7、mote microbiological susceptibility during the servicelife of the material.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are provided forinformation purposes only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, assoc

8、iated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Significance and Use2.1 These results may be used to compare the susceptibilityof materials when e

9、xposed to this test procedure.2.2 Microbiological susceptibility may be reflected by anumber of changes including staining, weight loss, or reductionin tensile or flexural strength.2.3 This practice may be considered an inoculation with amixed culture of fungi and bacteria.3. Soil3.1 Composition Soi

10、l shall be composed of equal parts offertile topsoil (soil with a high clay content should not beused), well-rotted and shredded horse manure, and coarse sand(10 to 40 mesh).3.2 MixingThe soil composition of 3.1 should be pre-pared by simple mixing and sifting through14-in. mesh screen.3.3 AgingThe

11、mixture is aged for three months andresifted twice at four-week intervals during the three months.After three months, a viability control of untreated cotton cloth,400 to 475 g/m2(12 to 14 oz/yd2), buried in the soil shall havea tensile strength loss of at least 50 % after five days.NOTE 1The soil m

12、ixture may be used for sequential tests as long asthe cotton cloth control degrades within the specified time period.3.4 pHThe soil shall have a pH between 6.5 to 7.5,checked periodically, and maintained by the addition of groundlimestone to raise the pH or flowers of sulfur to lower the pH.The soil

13、 pH may be taken by dispersing 1 weight part soil in 20parts of water, shaking or stirring, then allowing the mix tosettle for 1 h. The pH is measured with indicator paper,electrodes, or by titration.3.5 MoistureThe soil shall be maintained at between 20and 30 % moisture, based on the dry weight of

14、the soil. (Thepercent moisture is calculated by weighing approximately 50mL of a representative portion and taking the portion toconstant weight by placing the soil in an oven at a temperatureof 101 to 106C.) Water lost during use as a result ofevaporation shall be replaced without deforming the soi

15、l bed. Ifthe surrounding atmosphere is maintained at 85 to 95 %relative humidity, this loss is negligible, however, the moisturelevel should be periodically measured.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of Committee G03 on Weathering andDurability and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee

16、 G03.04 on BiologicalDeterioration.Current edition approved June 1, 2009. Published July 2009. Originally approvedin 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as G 160 03.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4. Apparatu

17、s4.1 Soil Container The container shall be any material ofsuitable mechanical strength and chemical/microbial resistanceand, if porous, shall be lined with impermeable material. Itshall be of any size that is convenient to handle and having adepth of at least 12.7 cm (5 in.).4.2 External Environment

18、An apparatus capable of main-taining a temperature of 30 6 2C (86 6 3.6F) and a relativehumidity to 85 to 95 %, into which the assembled container isinserted, is necessary. An incubator or controlled tropicalchamber is adequate.5. Test Specimens5.1 Completely fabricated parts or sections cut from fa

19、bri-cated parts may be used as test specimens. The simplestspecimen may be a 50- by 50-mm (2- by 2-in.) piece, a 50-mm(2-in.) diameter piece, or a piece (rod or tubing) at least 76 mm(3 in.) long cut from the material to be tested.5.2 Film-forming materials such as coatings may be testedin the form

20、of films at least 50 by 50 mm (2 by 2 in.) in size.Such films may be prepared by casting on glass and strippingafter cure or by impregnating (completely covering) filter paperor ignited glass fabric.5.3 For visual evaluation, a minimum of three test speci-mens shall be used.5.4 In devising a test pr

21、ogram intended to reveal quantita-tive changes occurring during and after exposure, an adequatenumber of specimens should be evaluated to establish a validvalue for the original property. For example, if five replicatetest specimens are required to establish a tensile strength of afilm material, at

22、least that number of test specimens shall beremoved and tested for each exposure period. It is to beexpected that values of physical or mechanical properties atvarious stages of fungal attack will be variable. The ASTMManual 72may be used as a guide.6. Viability6.1 The viability must be recommended

23、as in 3.3 concurrentwith the test specimen and exposed consistent with the testspecimen duration and number of test specimens.7. Replicates7.1 A minimum of four replicates are recommended.8. Duration8.1 The exposure period for soil burial, unless otherwisespecified, shall be for a minimum of 60 days

24、.NOTE 2The test specimens cannot be removed for the soil bed, oncethey have been buried, until the exposure period has been completed.Disturbing the soil bed in such a manner as removing the test specimensmay affect the growth of soil microbes and thus cause inconsistent results.A separate set of sp

25、ecimens must be used for each exposure interval (forexample, a set of replicates for 30, 60, and 90 days as needed).9. Calculation and Interpretation of Results9.1 VisualAt the end of the exposure period, the speci-mens shall be removed from the soil bed and conditionedaccording to methods appropria

26、te to the material being tested.For visual evaluation, the material is rinsed under a stream oftap water while gently rubbing between fingers to remove soiland air-drying at 20C (68F) for minimum amount of time.Alternatively, the material may be gently vacuumed or verygently air-brushed.9.2 Microbia

27、l staining shall be evaluated as follows:Observed Growth or Stain RatingNone 0Trace (less than 10 % coverage) 1Light (10 to 30 % coverage) 2Moderate (30 to 60 % coverage) 3Heavy (60 % to complete coverage) 49.3 Property Changes Physical and mechanical changessuch as tensile strength, flexibility, we

28、ight loss, or other tests,may be performed as described in appropriate ASTM or othertest methods. Tests shall be conducted on unexposed andexposed specimens for the purpose of comparison in determin-ing the extent of microbial degradation of the test material.9.4 Calculate the change in property for

29、 each replicatespecimen using one of the following equations:Ce, i5Xe, i2 Xo(1)Ce, i5 Xe, i2 Xf(2)where:Xe, i= measured property of each exposed specimen,Xo= mean of property from initial measurements onunexposed specimens, andXf= mean of property from measurements on file speci-mens.9.5 Use the fol

30、lowing equation to determine the meanchange in property:C 5(i 5 1nCe, in(3)where:n = number or exposed specimens.9.6 Use the following equation to determine the standarddeviation of the change in property:n (4)Sc5(Ci2C !2n 2 110. Report10.1 Report the following information: age of bed, speci-men siz

31、e, number of replicates, performance of viabilitycontrol, visual staining in accordance with 9.1 and 9.2 orproperty change in accordance with 9.3, duration of burial, andany specific measurements requested.10.2 Satisfactory or unsatisfactory performance of a mate-rial is dependent on the applicable

32、standard for that material ormethods agreed upon between the investigators.2Manual on Presentation of Data and Control Chart Analysis , 6th ed., Manual7, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1990.G 160 03 (2009)211. Precision and Bias11.1 A precision and bias statement cannot be made at thist

33、ime.12. Keywords12.1 biodegradeable; biological deterioration; defacement;disfigurement; fungal resistance; fungi; laboratory soil culture;microbial susceptibility; microbiological deterioration; mil-dew; mixed microbial innoculum; mold growth; soilenvironmentASTM International takes no position res

34、pecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This

35、standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Intern

36、ational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown be

37、low.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).G 160 03 (2009)3

copyright@ 2008-2019 麦多课文库(www.mydoc123.com)网站版权所有
备案/许可证编号:苏ICP备17064731号-1