AWS D10 14M D10 14-2010 Guide for Multipass Orbital Machine Pipe Groove Welding (First Edition).pdf

1、Guide forMultipass OrbitalMachine PipeGroove WeldingAWS D10.14M/D10.14:2010An American National StandardAWS D10.14M/D10.14:2010An American National StandardApproved by theAmerican National Standards InstituteSeptember 2, 2010Guide for Multipass Orbital Machine Pipe Groove Welding1stEditionPrepared b

2、y theAmerican Welding Society (AWS) D10 Committee on Piping and TubingUnder the Direction of theAWS Technical Activities CommitteeApproved by theAWS Board of DirectorsAbstractThe Standard Guide for Multipass Orbital Machine Pipe Groove Welding, AWS D10.14M/D10.14:2010, provides anoverview of the sub

3、ject. The guide presents several aspects of multipass orbital machine pipe groove welding. Among theaspects presented are: arc welding processes, pipe beveling, pipe line up and welding equipment, nondestructive exami-nation, consumable estimation, maximum repair length, and preparation for welding.

4、 Multipass orbital machine pipegroove welding of both plant pipe welding and transmission pipe welding are discussed.International Standard Book Number: 978-0-87171-780-1American Welding Society550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126 2010 by American Welding SocietyAll rights reservedPrinted in the U

5、nited States of AmericaPhotocopy Rights. No portion of this standard may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in anyform, including mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyrightowner.Authorization to photocopy items fo

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7、: (978) 750-8400; Internet:.AWS D10.14M/D10.14:2010iiAWS D10.14M/D10.14:2010iiiStatement on the Use of American Welding Society StandardsAll standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the American WeldingSociety (AWS) are voluntary consensus sta

8、ndards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of the AmericanNational Standards Institute (ANSI). When AWS American National Standards are either incorporated in, or made part of,documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governme

9、ntal bodies, theirprovisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWS standards must be approvedby the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of those laws and regulations. In allcases, these standards carry the ful

10、l legal authority of the contract or other document that invokes the AWS standards. Wherethis contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWS standard must be by agreementbetween the contracting parties.AWS American National Standards are developed through a con

11、sensus standards development process that brings togethervolunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus. While the AWS administers the process andestablishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify t

12、heaccuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards.AWS disclaims liability for any injury to persons or to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the

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14、erson or entity, nor is AWS undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someoneelse. Anyone using these documents should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek theadvice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in an

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17、 does not monitor, police, or enforce compliance with this standard, nor does it have the power to do so.On occasion, text, tables, or figures are printed incorrectly, constituting errata. Such errata, when discovered, are postedon the AWS web page (www.aws.org).Official interpretations of any of th

18、e technical requirements of this standard may only be obtained by sending a request,in writing, to the appropriate technical committee. Such requests should be addressed to the American Welding Society,Attention: Managing Director, Technical Services Division, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126

19、(see Annex A).With regard to technical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered.These opinions are offered solely as a convenience to users of this standard, and they do not constitute professionaladvice. Such opinions represent only the personal opinio

20、ns of the particular individuals giving them. These individualsdo not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations ofAWS. In addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation.

21、This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS D10 Committee on Piping and Tubing. It must be reviewedevery five years, and if not revised, it must be either reaffirmed or withdrawn. Comments (recommendations, additions,or deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improvin

22、g this standard are required and should be addressedto AWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS D10 Committee on Piping and Tubing and the author of the comments will be informed of the Committees response to the comments. Guests areinvited to attend all meetings

23、 of the AWS D10 Committee on Piping and Tubing to express their comments. verbally.Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are provided in the Rules of Operation of theTechnical Activities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained from the American Welding So

24、ciety, 550 N.W.LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126.AWS D10.14M/D10.14:2010ivThis page is intentionally blank.AWS D10.14M/D10.14:2010vPersonnelAWS D10 Committee on Piping and TubingM. P. Lang, Chair Bechtel CorporationW. F. Newell, Vice Chair W. F. Newell therefore,each system must be used independently.Sa

25、fety and health issues and concerns are beyond the scope of this standard and therefore are not fully addressed herein. Safetyand health information is available from other sources, including, but not limited to, ANSI Z49.1, Safety in Welding, Cutting,and Allied Processes, AWS Safety and Health Fact

26、 Sheets (see Annex B) and applicable federal and state regulations.2. Normative ReferencesThe following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute mandatory provisions of thisAWS standard. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced standard shall

27、 apply. For dated references, sub-sequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply.AWS documents:1AWS A2.4, Standard Symbols for Welding, Brazing and Nondestructive ExaminationAWS D10.14M/D10.14:201011AWS standards are published by the American Welding Society, 550 N.W.

28、 LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126.AWS A3.0, Standard Welding Terms and Definitions Including Terms for Adhesive Bonding, Brazing, Soldering, ThermalCutting, and Thermal Spraying.ANSI Documents2ANSI Z49.1, Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes3. Terms and DefinitionsFor the purposes of this d

29、ocument, the following definitions apply:band. See guide ring.bug. See weld head.clamp operator. The fitter who uses the reach rod to engage the line-up clamp (raise the clamping shoes). For internalwelders, the clamp operator also initiates the internal welding pound bevel. Bevel in which two or mo

30、re bevel angles are combined.copper backup clamp. An internal line-up clamp that includes a set of copper shoes that are pressed against the insideof the pipe during welding to provide a temporary backing to the weld.counterbore attachment. Counterbore attachments are used with the O.D. mount pipe b

31、eveling machines for counter-bore and transitions.counterbore. End preparation on a pipe in which the I.D. of the pipe is enlarged for a short length and then tapered at a4 to 1 rate to match a thinner wall pipe to a thicker wall pipe, Counterbores are needed at transition joints when copperbackup s

32、hoes or internal welders are used.diameter nominal (DN). Denotes the metric nominal pipe size (NPS).dovetail. Sliding track for mounting a tool holder on a pipe beveling machine faceplate.external welder. See weld head.guide ring. A split rigid track, a flexible band, or a chain-type guide clamped a

33、round a pipe on which an external machineweld head rides.high-low mismatch. A nonstandard term for weld-joint mismatch.hot pass. A nonstandard term used for the intermediate weld pass subsequent to the root pass.intermediate weld pass. A single progression of welding along a joint subsequent to the

34、root pass and prior to the coverpass(es).internal line-up clamp. A mechanism that fits inside the pipe, has rollers so it can roll through the pipe, and has expand-ing radial pistons for rounding, centering, and clamping the pipe ends relative to one another.internal welder. An internal line-up clam

35、p that includes gas metal arc welding torch(es) that deposit the root bead fromthe inside of the pipe.jam up joint. weld joint that has no gap between the pipe ends.J-lay. An offshore pipe-laying technique in which the pipe is welded together in an orientation near vertical, and is laidby lowering t

36、he pipe to the seafloor, where it makes a single bend. Used when it is impossible to apply sufficient tensionto the pipe to prevent buckling in S-lay mode, typically in deep water (over 150 m 450 ft).open root joint. An unwelded joint without backing or consumable insert.orbital welding. Automatic o

37、r machine welding of tubes or pipe in-place with the electrode rotating (or orbiting) aroundthe work in any position. Orbital pipe welding is typically done with the addition of filler. In some thin wall piping, AWS D10.14M/D10.14:201022ANSI Z49.1 is published by the American Welding Society, 550 N.

38、W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126.autogenous welding may be permitted. For multipass orbital machine pipe groove welding when the pipe is horizontal (5G position), welding may be performed orbitally or using a double up or double down technique180 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise followed by 180

39、 degrees in the opposite direction.pipe beveling machine (PBM). An apparatus designed to machine a bevel on the end of a pipe. See also pipe facingmachine (PFM).pipe facing machine. An apparatus designed to machine the edge of a pipe.pig. A device intended to move through the pipe to clean it or ins

40、pect it.pipe ramp. The corridor on a pipe-laying barge along which the pipe is welded and fed toward the stern of the barge or ship.pool shift. A phenomenon which occurs when pipes of differing chemistries are joined. The pipe chemistry (particularlysulfur content) can have a profound effect on the

41、surface tension of the weld pool and cause the welding arc and weld poolto favor one or the other side of the weld joint bevel.PPM. Parts per million.pup. A short piece of pipe.purge dam. A temporary bulkhead placed inside the pipe on each side of the weld to allow the volume in between thebulkheads

42、 to be purged of oxygen.QA. quality assurance.radial arm. Pivoting arm for mounting a tool holder on a pipe beveling machine faceplate.reel-lay. A method of pipe lay in which the pipe is welded onshore and reeled onto a large diameter drum (greater than10 m) mounted on a ship. The pipe is subsequent

43、ly laid offshore by unreeling the pipe from the drum.surface meters feet per minute. A term used to express the rate at which material is passing by the tool point of amachine.skid. A wooden beam typically 10 cm by 15 cm by 1.8 m long 4 in 6 in 6 ft long, made of oak or similar wood, usedto construc

44、t stacks to temporarily support pipe during construction.S-lay. An offshore pipe-laying technique in which the pipe is welded together in an orientation near horizontal, and is laidby paying the pipe out of the stern of the barge or ship and allowing it to bend to reach the seafloor.spacer. The memb

45、er of the pipe gang responsible for directing the tractor operator (on land), or hydraulic control opera-tor (on a barge or ship) who manipulate the oncoming section of pipe so that the pipe joints line up and have a uniformroot opening around the entire circumference.stabber. The member of the pipe

46、 gang responsible for directing the tractor operator for guiding the approach of theoncoming section of pipe.stalk. Multiple lengths of pipe joined together. J-lay ships utilize stalks ranging from two to five pipes in length. Reel layships are loaded with multiple stalks up to one hundred joints in

47、 length joined end to end as they are reeled onto the ship.stalking. The operation of bringing a new piece of pipe up to the end of the pipes that have been previously weldedtogether.stinger. A structure which is attached to the rear of a pipe lay barge that serves as an extension to the pipe ramp.

48、Thestinger and tension on the pipe control the radius of curvature of the pipe overbend as it enters the water during S-lay.tensioner. A device used on pipe lay barges for griping the pipe and allowing it to move off the stern of the barge whilemaintaining tension on the pipe.through-the-arc trackin

49、g. A technique to automatically keep the welding arc centered in the joint through electricalmeasurement of the arc characteristics as the arc is oscillated or moved back and forth across the joint.tool holder. Steel block that can support and clamp tool inserts or tool bits for pipe bevel machining.track. See guide ring.AWS D10.14M/D10.14:20103transition. End preparation on a pipe in which the I.D. of the pipe is tapered to match a thinner wall pipe to a thicker wallpipe (see counterbore).weld head. Mechanized external welder that mounts on a band or track wrapped or