AWS D18 3 D18 3M-2015 Specification for Welding of Tanks Vessels and Other Equipment in Sanitary (Hygienic) Applications (2nd Edition).pdf

1、Specification forWelding of Tanks,Vessels, and OtherEquipment inSanitary (Hygienic)ApplicationsAWS D18.3/D18.3M:2015An American National StandardAWS D18.3/D18.3M:2015An American National StandardApproved by theAmerican National Standards InstituteAugust 21, 2015Specification for Welding of Tanks, Ve

2、ssels,and Other Equipment in Sanitary (Hygienic) Applications2nd EditionSupersedes AWS D18.3/D18.3M:2005Prepared by theAmerican Welding Society (AWS) D18 Committee on Welding in Sanitary ApplicationsUnder the Direction of theAWS Technical Activities CommitteeApproved by theAWS Board of DirectorsAbst

3、ractThis specification provides the requirements for welding of tanks, vessels, and other equipment used in food processingplants and other areas where sanitary (hygienic) applications are required. The document addresses qualification, fabri-cation, extent of visual examination, acceptance criteria

4、, and documentation requirements.ISBN-13: 978-0-87171-872-3American Welding Society8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 331662015 by American Welding SocietyAll rights reservedPrinted in the United States of AmericaPhotocopy Rights. No portion of this standard may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval sys

5、tem, or transmitted in anyform, including mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyrightowner.Authorization to photocopy items for internal, personal, or educational classroom use only or the internal, personal, oreducational classroom use on

6、ly of specific clients is granted by the American Welding Society provided that the appro-priate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: (978) 750-8400;Internet: .AWS D18.3/D18.3M:2015iiStatement on the Use of American Welding Society StandardsAll s

7、tandards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the AmericanWelding Society (AWS) are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of theAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI). When AWS American National St

8、andards are either incorporated in, ormade part of, documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmen-tal bodies, their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWS standardsmust be approve

9、d by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of those laws andregulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other document that invokes theAWS standards. Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or

10、 deviations from requirements of an AWS stan-dard must be by agreement between the contracting parties.AWS American National Standards are developed through a consensus standards development process that bringstogether volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus. Whi

11、le AWS administers theprocess and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evalu-ate, or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards.AWS disclaims liability for any injury to persons

12、 or to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether spe-cial, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance onthis standard. AWS also makes no guarantee or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any inform

13、ation publishedherein.In issuing and making this standard available, AWS is neither undertaking to render professional or other services for oron behalf of any person or entity, nor is AWS undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someoneelse. Anyone using these documents shoul

14、d rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek theadvice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. It isassumed that the use of this standard and its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and competent

15、personnel.This standard may be superseded by new editions. This standard may also be corrected through publication of amend-ments or errata, or supplemented by publication of addenda. Information on the latest editions of AWS standards includ-ing amendments, errata, and addenda is posted on the AWS

16、web page (www.aws.org). Users should ensure that they havethe latest edition, amendments, errata, and addenda.Publication of this standard does not authorize infringement of any patent or trade name. Users of this standard accept anyand all liabilities for infringement of any patent or trade name it

17、ems. AWS disclaims liability for the infringement of anypatent or product trade name resulting from the use of this standard.AWS does not monitor, police, or enforce compliance with this standard, nor does it have the power to do so.Official interpretations of any of the technical requirements of th

18、is standard may only be obtained by sending a request,in writing, to the appropriate technical committee. Such requests should be addressed to the American Welding Society,Attention: Managing Director, Technical Services Division, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166 (see Annex C).With regard to te

19、chnical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered.These opinions are offered solely as a convenience to users of this standard, and they do not constitute professionaladvice. Such opinions represent only the personal opinions of the particular individual

20、s giving them. These individualsdo not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations ofAWS. In addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation.This standard is subject to rev

21、ision at any time by the AWS D18 Committee on Welding in Sanitary Applications. It mustbe reviewed every five years, and if not revised, it must be either reaffirmed or withdrawn. Comments (recommendations,additions, or deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving this standard

22、are required and should beaddressed to AWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS D18 Committee onWelding in Sanitary Applications and the author of the comments will be informed of the Committees response to thecomments. Guests are invited to attend all meetings o

23、f the AWS D18 Committee on Welding in Sanitary Applications toexpress their comments verbally. Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are pro-vided in the Rules of Operation of the Technical Activities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained from theAmeric

24、an Welding Society, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166.AWS D18.3/D18.3M:2015iiiAWS D18.3/D18.3M:2015ivThis page is intentionally blank.DedicationAWS D18.3/D18.3M:2015vThe D18 Committee on Welding in Sanitary Applicationsdedicates this edition of the D18.3/D18.3M:2015,Specification for Welding of

25、Tanks, Vessels, and OtherEquipment in Sanitary (Hygienic) Applications, to Mr.Richard Smith, a charter member of the D18 Committee fromits inception in 1995. Dick was a true friend and advocate ofthe American Welding Society and the sanitary industry. Hisdedicated efforts did much to advance the art

26、 and science ofwelding stainless steel materials for the food processingindustry. He enthusiastically contributed to the three D18specifications, including AWS D18.1, Specification forWelding of Austenitic Stainless Steel Tube and Pipe Systemsin Sanitary (Hygienic) Applications, AWS D18.2, Guide toW

27、eld Discoloration Levels on Inside of Austenitic StainlessSteel Tube, and AWS D18.3, Specification for Welding ofTanks, Vessels, and Other Equipment in Sanitary (Hygienic)Applications. The D18 Committee remembers Dicks wis-dom and efforts with appreciation.AWS D18.3/D18.3M:2015viThis page is intenti

28、onally blank.PersonnelAWS D18 Committee on Welding in Sanitary ApplicationsW. L. Roth, Chair The Procter therefore each system must be used independently.1.3 Safety. Safety and health issues and concerns are beyond the scope of this standard; some safety and healthinformation is provided, but such i

29、ssues are not fully addressed herein. Safety and health information is available fromthe following sources:American Welding Society:(1) ANSI Z49.1, Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes(2) AWS Safety and Health Fact Sheets(3) Other safety and health information on the AWS websiteMaterial

30、or Equipment Manufacturers:(1) Safety Data Sheets supplied by materials manufacturers(2) Operating Manuals supplied by equipment manufacturersApplicable Regulatory AgenciesWork performed in accordance with this standard may involve the use of materials that have been deemed hazardous, andmay involve

31、 operations or equipment that may cause injury or death. This standard does not purport to address all safetyand health risks that may be encountered. The user of this standard should establish an appropriate safety program toaddress such risks as well as to meet applicable regulatory requirements.

32、ANSI Z49.1 should be considered when devel-oping the safety program.1.4 Owners Responsibility. The Owner or their representatives shall provide a complete specification for theequipment and shall identify surface classification zones (product-contact surface zones and non-product-contact surfacezone

33、s) and weld finishes for each surface classification zone. Owners should use Figure 1 to specify surface classificationzones and Annex B to designate the required weld finish of each zone.1.5 Welding Symbols. Welding symbols shall be those shown in the latest edition of AWS A2.4, Standard Symbols fo

34、rWelding, Brazing, and Nondestructive Examination. Special conditions shall be fully explained by added notes or details.2. Normative ReferencesThe standards listed below contain provisions, which, through reference in this text, constitute mandatory provisions ofthis AWS standard. For undated refer

35、ences, the latest edition of the referenced standard shall apply. For dated references,subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply.American Welding Society (AWS) standards:2AWS A2.4, Standard Symbols for Welding, Brazing, and Nondestructive Examination;AWS A3.0M

36、/A3.0, Standard Welding Terms and Definitions;AWS B2.1/B2.1M, Specification for Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification; andAWS D18.1/D18.1M, Specification for Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel Tube and Pipe Systems in Sanitary(Hygienic) Applications.American National Standards Institute

37、 (ANSI) standards:3ANSI Z49.1, Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes.American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) standards:4ASME B46.1 Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness, and Lay).3. Terms and DefinitionsAWS A3.0M/A3.0, Standard Welding Terms and Definitions, Including Terms

38、 for Adhesive Bonding, Brazing,Soldering, Thermal Cutting, and Thermal Spraying, provides the basis for terms and definitions used herein. However,the following terms and definitions are included below to accommodate usage specific to this document.Contractor. Any organization producing weldments in

39、tended to meet the requirements of this specification. Thisincludes manufacturer, subcontractor, fabricator, erector, or other organizations.non-product contact surface (NPCS). A surface other than a product contact surface.Owner. Organization that will operate the sanitary (hygienic) processing sys

40、tem, or the organizations authorized repre-sentative.pit. A surface imperfection, the depth of which exceeds 25% of the smallest surface dimension, and whose length doesnot exceed three (3) times its width.product. Any material in any form (liquid, powder, solid, slurry, etc.) for which the tank, ve

41、ssel, or other piece of sani-tary equipment is designed to store, contain, or process.AWS D18.3/D18.3M:201522AWS standards are published by the American Welding Society, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166.3This ANSI standard is published by the American Welding Society, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miam

42、i, FL 33166.4ASME standards are published by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990.product contact surface (PCS). Any surface that is exposed to the product or any surface from which materials maydrain, drop, or be drawn into the product.qualification v

43、ariable (performance). A variable in which a change beyond that described in 4.2.8 is considered toaffect the ability of the welder or welding operator to make an acceptable weld. (Previously referred to as essentialvariable.)qualification variable (procedure). A variable in which a change beyond th

44、at described in 4.1.6 is considered to affectthe mechanical properties of the weldment, and shall require requalification of the Welding Procedure Specification(WPS). (Previously referred to as essential variable.)surface classification zones.Zone 1: Product Contact Surface (PCS)Zone 2: Non-Product

45、Contact SurfaceExposed (NPCS-E)beyond the normal PCS where normal operations (i.e.,draining, filling, etc.) pose a significant risk of incidental contamination.Zone 3: Non-Product Contact SurfaceRemote (NPCS-R)remotely beyond the normal PCS where normal opera-tions (i.e., draining, filling, etc.) po

46、se a minimal risk of incidental contamination.Zone 4: Non-Exposed Surface (NES) with significantly reduced likelihood of resulting in product contamination.The surface classification zone(s) will be based on the zone(s) encountered in production (see Figure 1).verification test (performance). A samp

47、le weldment representative of production welding conditions, intended to con-firm the welders or welding operators ability to meet the visual inspection requirements of visual examination accep-tance criteria in 6.2.verification variable. A variable in which a change as described in 4.1.6 may preven

48、t the weld from meeting the accep-tance criteria in 6.2.weld finishing. A postweld process that leaves the weld area in a different condition than as welded. Finishing processesinclude, but are not limited to, mechanical (e.g., grinding, polishing, bead blasting), chemical (passivating or pickling),

49、or electrochemical (electropolishing).welding variable. Any controllable detail of a welding procedure which is required to be addressed on the WPS.(Includes the definitions previously referred to as essential and nonessential variables.)4. Qualification4.1 Procedure Qualification4.1.1 A written qualified WPS shall be followed for each weld in sanitary applications. The WPS may be in anyconvenient format provided all the welding variables of 4.1.6 are recorded. A sample WPS form is shown in Annex B.4.1.2 Standard Welding Procedure Specifications (SWPSs) and welding procedures qualif