BHMA A156 1-2016 BUTTS AND HINGES.pdf

1、 ANSI/BHMA A156.1-2016 Revision of ANSI/BHMA A156.1-2013 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD for BUTTS AND HINGES SPONSOR BUILDERS HARDWARE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, INC. American National Standards Institute Approved December 15, 2016 2 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD An American National Standard implies a con

2、sensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer and the general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved th

3、e Standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes or procedures not conforming to the Standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard i

4、s permitted to be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this Standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards receive current

5、 information on all Standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Published by BUILDERS HARDWARE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, INC. 355 Lexington Avenue New York, New York 10017 Copyright 2016 by the Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association, Inc. Not to be reproduced wi

6、thout specific authorization from BHMA Printed in the USA This Standard was first published June 1969 by the Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association. It was entitled, “Standard 101 BHMA Product Standards Section A Butts and Hinges.“ ANSI approval was secured under the Canvass Method. BHMA was ac

7、credited on 21 March 1983 by ANSI as a sponsor using the Canvass Method. 3 FOREWORD (This Foreword is not a part of ANSI/BHMA A156.1) The general classification of builders hardware includes a wide variety of items which are divided into several categories. To recognize this diversity, a sectional c

8、lassification system has been established. Butts and Hinges is one such section and this Standard is a result of the collective efforts of members of the Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association, Inc. who manufacture this product. The total Product Standards effort is, therefore, a collection of

9、sections, each covering a specific category of items. Performance tests and, where necessary, material and dimensional requirements have been established to insure safety and stability to which the public is entitled. There are no restrictions on design except for those dimensional requirements impo

10、sed for reasons given above. It is also required that hinges fit certain cut-out dimensions. The BHMA recognizes that errors will be found, items will become obsolete, and new products, methods and materials will be developed. With this in mind, the Association plans to update, correct and revise th

11、ese Standards on a regular basis. In most cases, products have been described in grade levels related to performance with Grade 1 being the top rating. Grade classifications indicate levels only within their own product category. Choice of grade and specific product are made on the basis of utility,

12、 aesthetics, security objectives and end use desired. The BHMA numbers which indicate types of hardware do not identify size, finish, or design and are not intended to be used without necessary supplementary information. Individual manufactures catalogs are consulted. Users of this Standard consult

13、applicable local building codes as to requirements affecting the functions of hinges used on fire doors. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE . 6 2. DEFINITIONS . 7 3. GENERAL . 8 4. TEST EQUIPMENT 10 5. TEST PROCEDURES. 11 6. TESTS FOR HINGES. 1Error! Bookmark not defined. 7. DETENTION HINGES . 15 8. ILLUS

14、TRATIONS OF TEST APPARATUS FOR FULL MORTISE HINGES . 17 9. ILLUSTRATIONS, TYPE NUMBERS AND DESCRIPTIONS OF HINGES 18 10. EXPLANATION OF NUMBERING SYSTEM . 26 APPENDIX A (NOT A PART OF A156.1) 28 6 1. SCOPE 1.1 This Standard establishes requirements for butts and hinges. Cycle tests, lateral and vert

15、ical wear tests, friction tests, strength tests, finish tests, and material and dimensional requirements are included. 1.2 Tests described in this Standard are performed under laboratory conditions. In actual usage, results vary because of installation, maintenance and environmental conditions. 1.3

16、Grade Qualifications Manufacturers shall indicate the Grade level of their hinges. Hinges shall meet all tests for their grade listing. A Grade 1 (Heavy Duty) hinge shall meet all Grade 1 criteria, a Grade 2 (Standard Weight) hinge shall meet all Grade 2 criteria, a Grade 3 (Standard Weight) hinge s

17、hall meet all Grade 3 criteria, and a Grade 4 (Light Weight) hinge shall meet all Grade 4 criteria. See Tables 3.8 and 4.6 for hinge grading criteria. 1.4 Consult NFPA 80-2016 for Fire Doors and Windows concerning hinge requirements for fire doors. 7 2. DEFINITIONS 2.1 Adjustable Hinges A type of hi

18、nge that has one or more mechanisms for moving the position of one hinge leaf relative to the other to optimize alignment. 2.2 Bearings 2.2.1 Anti-Friction Bearing Bearing material between the various moving parts of a hinge. 2.2.2 Plain Bearing (non anti-friction bearing). When no bearing material

19、is between the various moving parts of a hinge. 2.3 Butt Hinge See Full Mortise Hinge 2.4 Detention Hinge A hinge having higher security attributes than conventional hinges and subject to more stringent tests. These hinges are usually constructed with a maximum security pin. Alternate designs which

20、meet the higher security attributes are acceptable. 2.5 Full Mortise Hinge A hinge having one leaf mortised into the hinge edge of a door and the other leaf mortised into the rabbet of a frame. 2.6 Full Surface Hinge A hinge having one leaf attached to the face of a door and the other leaf attached

21、to the face of a door frame. 2.7 Half Mortise Hinge A hinge having one leaf mortised into the hinge edge of a door and the other leaf attached to the face of a door frame. 2.8 Half Surface Hinge A hinge having one leaf attached to the face of a door and the other leaf mortised into the rabbet of a d

22、oor frame. 2.9 Hospital Tips A hinge barrel having sloped ends. 2.10 Maximum Security Pin (MSP) A hinge pin that has been fixed after insertion by welding, pinning, or other permanent means to prevent hinge pin removal without the use of special tools. Set screws are not permitted. Affords greater s

23、ecurity than a Non-Removable Pin. 2.11 Non-Removable Pin (NRP) A hinge pin secured by a set screw or other equivalent means and affords less security than the Maximum Security Pin. This modification is intended as a deterrent only. 2.12 Olive Knuckle Hinge A pivot hinge with a joint shaped like an o

24、live. 2.13 Pivot Hinge A hinge with a fixed pin and a single joint having a height less than the adjacent hinge leaves. 2.14 Raised Barrel A full mortise hinge having both hinge leaves offset to raise the barrel off the jamb 2.15 Reverse Safety Stud A projecting member on the back of each full morti

25、se leaf that engages a hole in the door and jamb hinge reinforcing plates. 2.16 Safety Stud A projecting member on one surface of a full mortise hinge leaf that engages a hole in the opposite leaf when the door is closed. 2.17 Slip-In Hinge A hinge where one or both leaves slide into a cavity prepar

26、ed in a door or door frame thus concealing one or both hinge leaves. 2.18 Swaging Offsetting a hinge leaf at the barrel so the surface of the leaf is not tangent to the outer diameter of the barrel. 2.19 Swing Clear Hinge A hinge that swings a door completely clear of the opening when the door is op

27、ened 90 to 95 degrees. 8 3. GENERAL 3.1 Bearing Surfaces Anti-friction bearings shall be used in Grades 1 and 2 for standard and heavy weight hinges. Standard weight Grade 3 hinges do not require anti-friction bearings. 3.2 Fastenings All products shall be complete with screws, bolts, or other faste

28、nings, as required and of size necessary for application and shall be compatible with the product as to finish and material. 3.3 Swaging The clearance between the leaves of full mortise hinges when closed to the parallel position shall be 1/16 1/64 in (1.6 0.4 mm) unless specifically noted otherwise

29、. 3.4 Stainless Steel Pins All standard and heavy weight non-ferrous type hinges of Grades 1, 2, and 3 shall be equipped with stainless steel pins. Protruding heads of any material of stainless steel pins shall match finish of hinge. 3.5 Non-rising Loose Pins Pins shall be removable without damaging

30、 exposed surfaces of the hinge or tip and shall be retained by means that offer effective resistance to movement of the pin from its seat, but allows the pin to be removed by moderate force. 3.6 Options Hinges listed are permitted to be equipped with the following options (consult individual manufac

31、turers catalogs): Hospital Tips Reverse Safety Stud Maximum Security Pin (MSP) Safety Stud Nonremovable Pins (NRP) Special Decorator Tips (see manufacturers catalog) Raised Barrel Special Fasteners Round Corners 5/32 in. (4 mm), 1/4 in. (6.4 mm), or 5/8 in. (16 mm) radius Special Swaging 3.7 Templat

32、es Hinges made to template shall have dimensions, screw hole locations and tolerances in accordance with ANSI/BHMA Standard A156.7-2014 for Template Hinge Dimensions. 9 3.8 Gage and Fastener Requirements: Hinge Height +0/-0.015 in. (+0/-0.4 mm) Inches (mm) Gage of Metal + .005 in (+.127mm) Inches (m

33、m) No. of Screw Holes per Mortised Leaf “Note A” Heavy Weight (Grade 1) 4 1/2 (114) 0.180 (4.6) 4 in. (114 mm) detention hinge is permitted to be .188 + .005 in (4.8 + .13 mm) 4 5 (127) 0.190 (4.8) 4 6 (152) 0.203 (5.2) 5 8 (203) 0.203 (5.2) 7 min. “Note B“ Standard Weight (Grades 2 the qualifying l

34、ateral measurement is the average of these two. At the conclusion of cycle testing, each specimen shall again be measured as above to determine the displacement between leaves and knuckles. Record measurements of wear for all hinges. The measurements of the greatest wear shall be compared to the per

35、missible figures. 6.3 Overload Test Lateral Displacement shall not exceed the values given below when measured in accordance with 6.2. Test shall precede and follow the test using the same setup and door weights as 6.2, with the door in 0 degree (closed) position, add 150 lbs (69 kg), at a point on

36、the door at a horizontal distance of 36 in. from the hinge axis, then remove after 30 seconds. Lateral shift of the door is away from the jamb at the top hinge. Adaptations of the procedure and limits are permitted if necessary for certain special purpose hinges. Take measurements in accordance with

37、 the procedures in 6.2. Requirements Maximum All Grades: .062 in (1.6 mm) 6.4 Cycle Test Using the test fixture described in 5.9 and mounted in accordance with 5.3 and 5.4, cycle the hinges for the number required below. At the conclusion of the cycle test, or perform the tests below in order shown

38、the hinges shall meet the Hinge Pin Rise, Vertical Wear, and Lateral Wear Tests. 13 Requirements Minimum Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Double and Triple Weight Light Weight 2,500,000 1,500,000 350,000 500,000 350,000 These numbers of cycles pertain to the specific conditions and degrees of wear outlined i

39、n this test procedure, and are not recommendations to guide selection of hinges for actual installation. 6.5 Hinge Pin Rise Test (does not apply to Maximum Security Pin hinges) Hinge pins shall not rise during the cycle test to the point of touching the safety barrier described in 5.6 or a maximum s

40、pecified below. Requirements Maximum All Grades: 1/4 in (6.4 mm) 6.6 Vertical and Lateral Wear Test At the conclusion of the cycle test, vertical and lateral wear shall not exceed the values given below when measured in accordance with 6.2. Requirements Vertical Wear Maximum Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3

41、Double full door also acceptable 6.7 Salt Spray Test. This test shall be conducted in accordance with 3.1 and 3.2 in ANSI/BHMA A156.18-2016 for Materials and Finishes for the exposure times given below. Requirements. Salt Spray Exposure Hours All Grades Painted material 48 Hours Non-Ferrous material

42、 - plated or unplated, coated or uncoated 72 Hours Ferrous material multiple plated, coated or uncoated 24 Hours Ferrous material single plated, coated or uncoated 18 Hours Stainless steel 200 Hours 6.7.1 Finish Test Parts. The parts for finish testing shall be selected at random and shall be three

43、pieces. When one part is noticeably poorer than the others tested, this defective part shall be ignored as an isolated defective part. 15 7. DETENTION HINGE SECURITY GRADES 7.1 Detention type hinges shall be tested in accordance with ASTM F1758-05 standard test methods for detention hinges used on d

44、etention-grade swinging doors. Security grade acceptance criteria is specified in Table 1 ASTM F1758 which is listed in the appendix for reference. ASTM F1758 grades shall be designated by the manufacturer as ASTM security grades which are permitted to be different than the BHMA performance grades.

45、Manufacturers shall indicate separately the grade level of their hinges. Hinges meeting both the BHMA requirements and ASTM requirements for their grade listing classifications shall list both grades. 8. ADJUSTABLE HINGES Adjustable Hinges shall meet the requirements of A156.1 with exceptions and mo

46、dified requirements as noted below. 8.1 General 8.1.1 Fastenings Compliance to 3.2 is not required. 8.1.2 Swaging Compliance to 3.3 is not required. 8.1.3 Stainless Steel Pins Compliance to 3.4 is not required. 8.1.4 Gage and Fastener Requirements Compliance to 3.8 is not required. 8.2 Test Equipmen

47、t 8.2.1 Door Door construction shall meet the requirements of 4.1 except mortise preparations are allowed for adjustable hinge designs that require a mortise to function properly in the installed condition. Mortise preparations shall be per the manufacturers instructions. 8.2.2 Blocks Jamb mounting

48、blocks shall meet the requirements of 4.3 except mortise preparations are allowed for adjustable hinge designs that require a mortise to function properly in the installed condition. Mortise preparations shall be per the manufacturers instructions. 8.2.3 Door Weight Requirements Test door weight sha

49、ll meet the requirements of 4.6 for Grades 1 and 2, Double Weight, and Triple Weight. Test door weight shall be 100 lbs 45 kg for 3, 3 , 4, and 4 size hinges for Grade 3. 8.3 Test Procedures 8.3.1 Hinges to Test In lieu of 5.1, tests apply only to the manufacturers widest hinge design. Certification shall also apply to design variants of the widest hinge design as long as the alternate design is the same size (height), is equal or less in width, and the barrel construction is identical in all significant respects. Any design v