BHMA A156 9-2015 CABINET HARDWARE《橱柜五金件》.pdf

1、 1 ANSI/BHMA A156.9-2015 Revision of ANSI/BHMA A156.9 - 2010 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FOR CABINET HARDWARE AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE Approved October 14, 2015 Sponsor BUILDERS HARDWARE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, INC. 2 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD An American National Standard implies a

2、consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approve

3、d the Standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the Standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standa

4、rd is permitted to be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this Standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Publishers of American National Standards receive cur

5、rent information on all Standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Published by BUILDERS HARDWARE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, INC. 355 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10017 Copyright 2015 by the Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association, Inc. Not to be reproduc

6、ed without specific authorization from BHMA Printed in the USA This Standard was first published November 1968 by the Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association. It was entitled “Standard 201 BHMA Product Standards Section B, Cabinet Hardware.“ BHMA was accredited on 21 March 1983 by ANSI as a spon

7、sor using the canvass method. 3 FOREWORD (This Foreword is not a part of A156.9) The general classification of builders hardware includes a wide variety of items which are divided into several categories. To recognize this diversity, a sectional classification system has been established. Cabinet ha

8、rdware is one such section and this Standard is the result of the collective efforts of members of the Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association, Inc. who manufacture this product. The total Product Standards effort is, therefore, a collection of sections, each covering a specific category of item

9、s. Performance tests, and where it has been necessary, material requirements, have been established to insure safety and stability to which the public is entitled. There are no restrictions on design. Cabinet hardware described in this Section represents a cross-section of that which is available to

10、day. However, since cabinet hardware styling and functional application is constantly changing, new items are not to be excluded. Each manufacturer of this type of hardware shall determine which of its products will meet these requirements. On all items, styling is optional. The BHMA recognizes that

11、 errors will be found, items will become obsolete, and new products, methods and materials will be developed. With this in mind, the Association plans to update, correct and revise these Standards on a regular basis. Cabinet hardware products generally have been described in three levels of performa

12、nce. Choice of product is made on the basis of utility, aesthetics, security objectives and end use desired. As a general guide, Grade 1 is the highest and is suitable for most institutional applications, Grade 3 is suitable for most residential uses, and Grade 2 is often used in all applications. T

13、he BHMA numbers which indicate types of hardware do not identify size, finish or design and are not intended to be used without necessary supplementary information. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE . 5 2. DEFINITIONS . 5 3. GENERAL 6 4. PERFORMANCE TEST REQUIREMENTS . 6 4.1 Test Conditions for Test 1, T

14、est 2 and Test 3 (see Figures 1 and 2) 6 4.2 Test 1 Hinge Permanent Set Test . 7 4.3 Test 2 Hinge Operating Life Test . 7 4.4 Test 3 Self Closing Hinge Closing Force Test and Over-Opening Test . 8 4.5 Test 4 Catch Test . 8 4.6 Test 5 Latch Tests 9 4.7 Test 6 Knob and Pull Load Test 10 4.8 Test 7 She

15、lf Rests and Standards and Shelf Rests Test 10 4.9 Test 8 Shelf Brackets and Standards and Ornamental Shelf Supports Test . 11 4.10 Test 9 Shelf Standard and Shelf Load Test 12 4.11 Test 10 Drawer Slides Tests (All Grades) 12 4.12 Test 11 Rotating Shelves Tests 18 4.13 Test 12 Drawer and Tray Tests

16、19 4.14 Test 13 Pull Up Shelf Support Test . 20 4.15 Test 14 Track and Guides Test 20 4.16 Finish Tests 20 5. TYPICAL ILLUSTRATIONS, IDENTIFYING TYPE NUMBERS AND DESCRIPTIONS 22 6. EXPLANATION OF NUMBERING SYSTEM 35 APPENDIX A (NOT A PART OF ANSI/BHMA A156.9) . 37 5 1. SCOPE 1.1 This Standard contai

17、ns requirements for cabinet hardware and includes hinges, knobs, pulls, catches, shelf rests, standards and brackets, drawer slides, rotating shelves and track with guides for sliding panels. Included are performance tests covering operational, cyclical, strength, and finish criteria. 1.2 Tests desc

18、ribed in this Standard are performed under laboratory conditions. In actual usage results vary because of installation, maintenance and environmental conditions. Tests required are applicable to hardware products only and are not intended to evaluate systems incorporating cabinet components. Fixture

19、s described are designed to withstand the test forces required and only hardware items are measured. 1.3 Grade qualifications Manufacturers shall indicate the grade level of their products. Cabinet hardware shall meet all tests for the grade listing. Three grades are offered for most products; for d

20、rawer slides, additional grades 1HD are available. 2. DEFINITIONS 2.1 Catch A product with a holding capacity that keeps a cabinet door closed. 2.2 Drawer Slide Elements suspending a drawer and in which the drawer moves. 2.2.1 Standard Duty Drawer Slide Intended for use in residential or light comme

21、rcial applications. 2.2.2 Heavy Duty Drawer Slide Intended for use in commercial and institutional casework. 2.2.3 Pocket Cabinet Door Slide A device which allows for a door to be rotated and linearly retracted into a horizontal or vertical position. Also called a flipper door. See paragraphs 4.11.6

22、 and 4.11.7. 2.3 Hinges 2.3.1 Butt Hinge In this Standard, a hinge attached to the edge of a cabinet door and the edge of a cabinet face frame. 2.3.2 Concealed Hinge A hinge installed in such a way that it cannot be seen from the outside when the cabinet door is in a closed position. 2.3.3 Continuou

23、s Hinge A butt type hinge that is as long or nearly as long as the height of a cabinet door. 2.3.4 Full Surface Hinge A hinge having one leaf attached to the face of a door and the other leaf attached to the face of a door frame. 2.3.5 Olive Knuckle Hinge A pivot hinge with a joint shaped like an ol

24、ive. 2.3.6 Pivot Hinge A hinge with a fixed pin and a single joint having a height less than the adjacent hinge leaves. 2.3.7 Self Closing Hinge A hinge incorporating energy, usually a spring, causing a door to close from an open position. 2.3.8 Self Closing Integrated Damper Hinge A self closing hi

25、nge with an integrated damper mechanism located in the hinge cup or hinge arm assembly. Some damper mechanisms can be turned off-on or include dampening adjustment. 6 2.3.9 Semiconcealed Hinge A hinge mounted to the face or edge of a door frame and to the back of a cabinet door. When the door is clo

26、sed, only the pin or the frame mounted portion of the hinge is seen from the outside. 2.4 Hinge Catch A semiconcealed hinge incorporating a cabinet catch. 2.5 Knob A projecting part, surface or back mounted, used to operate a door or drawer. 2.6 Latch A device used to hold a door and requiring movem

27、ent of an element before the door is released for opening. 2.7 Pull A surface or flush mounted part used to operate a door or drawer. 2.8 Rotating Shelf A shelf unit rotating on a center member. 2.9 Shelf Bracket or Rest A member installed into a shelf standard, wall or cabinet for supporting a shel

28、f. 2.10 Shelf Standard A slotted unit into which a bracket or rest is installed for supporting a shelf. 2.11 Track and Guides Elements retaining a sliding panel and in which the panel moves. 3. GENERAL 3.1 Values Required values in this Standard are given in US units. SI (metric) units are shown in

29、parentheses and are approximate. 3.2 Finishes All products shall meet the applicable performance requirements for finishes. A product with a finish not specifically described shall be acceptable if such finish meets or exceeds the lowest finish resistance requirements for that product class. 3.3 Lub

30、rication No lubricants shall be added before or during tests unless called for in the manufacturers printed instructions supplied with the product. It is permitted to add lubricants during the manufacturing process. 3.4 Equipment It is important to ensure that test units are adequately secured to pr

31、event tipping under all test loads. 3.5 Reference to other Standards American National Standards referred to in this Standard are available from American National Standards Institute, Inc., 11 West 42nd Street New York, NY 10036 or . 3.6 Several requirements in this Standard were extracted in whole

32、or part, with permission, from the BIFMA X5.5 1998, Desk Product Standard. 4. PERFORMANCE TEST REQUIREMENTS 4.1 Test Conditions for Test 1, Test 2 and Test 3 (see Figures 1 and 2) 4.1.1 The test door size shall be 29 in. (750 mm) high, 14 in. (368 mm) wide and in. (19 mm) or 13/8 in. (35 mm) thick d

33、epending upon the requirement of the hinge, all 1/8 in. (3.2 mm), and shall be a rigid non-flexing member. 4.1.2 For Grade 1 hinges, the test door shall weigh 40 lbs (18 0.23 kg), for Grade 2 hinges, 12 lbs (5.4 0.23 Kg), and for Grade 3 hinges, 6 lbs (2.7 0.23 kg). Holes or weights are permitted to

34、 be added at the center of gravity of the test door to adjust its weight to the above requirement. 4.1.3 Two hinges shall be mounted on the test door on 24 in. (610 mm) centers except that top and 7 bottom pivot type hinges shall be mounted 29 in. (750 mm) centers, all 1/8 in. (3.2 mm). For the Hing

35、e Over Opening Test for concealed hinges, tab distance shall be set in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. 4.1.4 The test door with the hinges shall be mounted to a solid metal member that simulates the hinge side of the cabinet face frame and the test door shall be able to operate freel

36、y through at least 90 degrees. The hinge shall be aligned and spaced to eliminate hinge bind. 4.1.5 A separate set of hinges shall be used for the Hinge Permanent Set Test, the Hinge Operating Life Test and the Concealed Hinge Over Opening Test. 4.1.6 A dial indicator shall be used to measure vertic

37、al permanent set and vertical sag. This indicator shall be located as shown in Figures 1 and 2 and is identified as Indicator 1 on Figure 2. 4.1.7 When testing Grade 1 hinges, a second dial indicator shall be used to measure horizontal permanent set and horizontal sag. The indicator shall be located

38、 opposite the upper hinge as shown in Figures 1 and 2 and is identified as Indicator 2 on Figure 2. Exception: With top and bottom pivot type hinges, Indicator 2 shall be centered in. (12.7 mm) from the top of the door. 4.1.8 When the hinges to be tested are designed for mounting on a glass door, gl

39、ass thickness for the hinge shall be in accordance with the manufacturers specification. The height and weight of the test door shall be in accordance with 4.1.1 and 4.1.2. 4.1.9 Self closing damper hinges shall be tested to the requirements of this section amending the test method as shown in parag

40、raphs 4.4.2 and 4.4.3. 4.2 Test 1 Hinge Permanent Set Test 4.2.1 Open the door 5 3 degrees and with no weight applied measure the position of the door with the indicators located as shown in Figures 1 and 2. 4.2.2 The specified load (4.2.6) shall be applied to the door as shown in Figures 1 and 3. 4

41、.2.3 Slowly operate the door to a 90 3 degree open position and then return it to the 5 3 degree open position. 4.2.4 Remove the test load and then measure the position of the door as shown in Figure 2. 4.2.5 The difference in measurements made in 4.2.1 and 4.2.4 is permanent set. 4.2.6 Maximum Perm

42、anent Set: Hinge Grade Load - lbf(N) Vertical set in.(mm) Horizontal set in.(mm) 1 160 lbf. (712) .030 in. (0.76) .030 in. (0.76) 2 75 lbf. (334) .060 in. (1.52) - 3 75 lbf. (334) .090 in. (2.29) - 4.3 Test 2 Hinge Operating Life Test 4.3.1 Open the door 5 3 degrees and measure the position of the d

43、oor with the indicators located as shown in Figure 2 4.3.2 Open and close the door at a rate not to exceed 15 cycles per minute with each cycle consisting of opening 90 degrees from the 5 degree open position or completely closed position (all 3 degrees). For Self Closing Damper Hinges, allow the hi

44、nges to completely close the door in each cycle. 4.3.3 Upon completion of cycling, return the door to 5 3 degree position and measure the position of 8 the door. 4.3.4 The difference in measurements in 4.3.1 and 4.3.3 is sag. 4.3.5 Maximum Sag After Cycling: Hinge Grade Cycles Vertical - sag in.(mm)

45、 Horizontal sag in.(mm) 1 100,000 .030 (0.76) .020(0.51) 2 50,000 .030 (0.76) - 3 25,000 .030 (0.76) - 4.4 Test 3 Self Closing Hinge Closing Force Test and Over-Opening Test 4.4.1 In addition to the Hinge Permanent Set Test 1 and the Hinge Operating Life Test 2, self closing hinges shall meet the Cl

46、osing Force Test 3. Frame and frameless concealed hinges shall also meet the Over-Opening Test described in 4.4.4. 4.4.2 At the start of the Hinge Operating Life Test 2, two self closing hinges when mounted on the test door shall produce a minimum closing force (not the force to open) when the door

47、is in the closed position of 4 ounces (1.1 N) 14 inches (356 mm) from the test fixture as specified in Figure 1. For Self Closing Damper Hinges take the closing force measurement before installing the damper mechanism. 4.4.3 After the Operating Life Test 2, the hinges shall hold the door in the clos

48、ed position and the hinges shall cause the door to automatically close from not less than 10 degrees open position while the door is being moved slowly toward the closed position. For Self Closing Damper Hinges the hinges shall hold the door in the closed position with the damper fully engaged, and

49、with the damper removed shall cause the door to automatically close from not less than 10 degrees open position while the door is being moved slowly toward the closed position. 4.4.4 Using a test fixture as described in 4.1 and shown in Figure 3, open the door to the fully open position. Apply a force in the opening direction at a point 12 in. (305mm) out from the inside edge and halfway down the length of the door. Apply the force increasingly at a constant rate up to the required value and the