BS 1347-1986 Specification for architects engineers and surveyors metric scale rules《建筑师、工程师、测量员用米制尺规范》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 1347:1986 Specification for Architects, engineers and surveyors metric scale rules UDC 528.512+531.716.1+72.002.56BS1347:1986 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Office and Information Standards Committee, was published underthe authority of the

2、Board ofBSI and comes into effect on 31January1986 BSI 08-1999 First published as BS 1347-3 December 1969 First revision as BS 1347 January1986 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference OIS/28 Draft for comment 84/63364 DC ISBN 0 580 14718 5 Committees res

3、ponsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Office and Information Standards Committee (OIS/-) to Technical Committee OIS/28, upon which the following bodies were represented: County Surveyors Society Department of the Environment Property Service

4、s Agency Drawing Office Material Manufacturers and Dealers Association Electricity Supply Industry in England and Wales Engineering Equipment and Materials Users Association Post Office Writing Instruments Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS1347:1986 BSI

5、 08-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Definitions 1 3 Designation 1 4 Shape and dimensions 2 5 Division 3 6 Figuring 5 7 Representative fraction 5 8 Selection of scales 5 9 Colour coding 5 10 Marking 6 Appendix A Recommended properties of material

6、s used for the manufactureofscale rules 7 Appendix B Recommended colour coding 7 Figure 1 Typical sections 3 Figure 2 Cross section of flat scale rule for attachment to a drafting machine 3 Figure 3 Single scales 4 Figure 4 Combined scales 4 Figure 5 Beginning of an open divided scale 4 Figure 6 Beg

7、inning of a fully divided scale 5 Figure 7 Single scales 5 Figure 8 Combined scale 5 Figure 9 One side of oval section scale rule no. 1 6 Figure 10 One side of oval section scale rule no. 3 6 Figure 11 Flat section scale rule no. 14 6 Table 1 Scale rules of oval section 1 Table 2 Scale rules of flat

8、 section 2 Table 3 Principal dimensions of scale rules, other than for drafting machines 3 Table 4 Length of flat scale rules for attachment to drafting machines 3 Table 5 Colour code 5 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS1347:1986 ii BSI 08-1999 Foreword This British Standard has been prepa

9、red under the direction of the Office and Information Standards Committee. It is a revision of BS1347-3:1969 which is withdrawn. As Parts 1 and 2 of BS1347 have also been withdrawn this standard is now numbered as BS1347. The main changes from the previous edition are that scale rules of nominal len

10、gth500mm and flat section scale rules BS1347 no.30, BS1347 no.31 and BS1347 no.32 are no longer included. Definitions have been amended to reflect current practice. Dimensions for flat scale rules for use with drafting machines have been given separately and recommended properties of materials used

11、for the manufacture of scale rules, not covered by this standard, have been given inAppendix A. The scales specified in this standard are designed to be read in one direction only, i.e. from left to right. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Use

12、rs of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, pages1 to8, an inside back cover and a bac

13、k cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS1347:1986 BSI 08-1999 1 1 Scope This British Standard specifies the designation, shape and dimensions, scales and colour co

14、ding for scale rules for use with SI (metric) units. Offset scales are not covered by this standard. NOTE 1The recommended properties of materials used for the manufacture of metric scale rules are given inAppendix A. NOTE 2The titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on th

15、e inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard the following definitions apply. 2.1 scale the figured divisions on the edge of a scale rule 2.2 representative fraction the degree of reduction, expressed as a ratio (e.g.1:1, 1:200) 2.3 single scale a scale graduated alon

16、g the edge of a scale rule, where one scale only is so graduated 2.4 combined scale two compatible scales graduated along the same edge of a scale rule 2.5 division the sequence of graduation lines along the edge of a scale rule 2.6 gauge line a line marked on the body of a scale rule, parallel with

17、 the edge and separating two scales graduated along that edge 2.7 fully divided (of a scale) subdivided along its whole length 2.8 open divided (of a scale) subdivided only in its first main unit 3 Designation 3.1 Scale rules 3.1.1 Rules of oval section and of flat section shall be designated as giv

18、en respectively inTable 1 andTable 2 (e.g. “no. 1”). Rules of triangular section shall be designated “BS 1347 metric”. Table 1 Scale rules of oval section Scale rule designation Representative fraction Subdivision Figuring Dividing no. 1 1 : 1 1 : 2 1 : 5 1 : 10 1 mm 2 mm 10 mm 10 mm 0, 10 mm, 20, 3

19、0 . 0, 20 mm, 40, 60 . 0, 100 mm, 200, 300 . 0, 200 mm, 400, 600 . All scales fully divided no. 2 1 : 5 1 : 50 1 : 10 1 : 100 1 : 20 1 : 200 1 : 500 1 : 1000 10 mm 100 mm 10 mm 100 mm 20 mm 200 mm 0.5 m 1 m 0, 100 mm, 200, 300 . 0, 1 m, 2, 3 . 0, 100 mm, 200, 300 . 0,1 m, 2, 3 . 0, 200 mm, 400, 600

20、. 0, 2 m, 4, 6 . 0, 5 m, 10, 15 . 0, 10 m, 20, 30 . All scales fully divided no. 3 1 : 1 1 : 100 1 : 20 1 : 200 1 : 5 1 : 50 1 : 1250 1 : 2500 1 mm 100 mm 20 mm 200 mm 10 mm 100 mm 1 m 2 m 0, 10 mm, 20, 30 . 0, 1 m, 2, 3 . 0, 200 mm, 400, 600 . 0, 2 m, 4, 6 . 0, 100 mm, 200, 300 . 0, 1 m, 2, 3 . 0,

21、10 m, 20, 30 . 0, 20 m, 40, 60 . All scales fully divided no. 4 1 : 1250 1 : 2500 1 : 10 000 1 m 2 m 10 m 0, 10 m, 20, 30 . 0, 20 m, 40, 60 . 0, 200 m, 400, 600 . All scales fully divided NOTEScales shown bracketed together form a combined scale. BS1347:1986 2 BSI 08-1999 Table 2 Scale rules of flat

22、 section 3.1.2 Additionally, flat rules for attachment to drafting machines (i.e. complying with4.3.1) shall be designated as given inTable 2 (e.g. no.10D). NOTEWhere necessary the designation should be supplemented by the nominal length. 3.2 Individual scales Each scale shall be designated by its r

23、epresentative fraction (e.g.1 : 200). NOTEWhere necessary the designation should be supplemented by a reference to “open divided” or “fully divided”. 4 Shape and dimensions 4.1 Cross section A scale rule not designated for drafting machines shall have one of the following cross sections (seeFigure 1

24、): a) oval; b) flat; c) triangular. 4.2 Oval scale rule The minimum overall length, width and thickness at mid-section of an oval scale rule shall be as given inTable 3, according to the nominal length. 4.3 Flat scale rule 4.3.1 A flat scale rule designated for attachment to a drafting machine shall

25、 have the dimensions shown inFigure 2 and a minimum overall length as given inTable 4, according to the nominal length. 4.3.2 For a flat scale rule, other than for attachment to a drafting machine, the minimum overall length, width, thickness of mid-section and width of bevelled edge shall be as giv

26、en inTable 3, according to the nominal length. 4.4 Triangular scale rule The minimum overall length of a triangular scale rule shall be as given inTable 3, according to the nominal length. The graduated faces shall be concave seeFigure 1(c). NOTEThe concavity is intended to minimize wear on the scal

27、e faces. Scale rule designation Representative fraction Subdivision Figuring Division no. 10 no. 10D 1 : 1 1 : 2 0.5 mm 2 mm 0, 10 mm, 20, 30 . 0, 20 mm, 40, 60 . Fully Fully no. 11 no. 11D 1 : 1 1 : 2 1 mm 2 mm 0, 10 mm, 20, 30 . 0, 20 mm, 40, 60 . Fully Fully no. 12 1 : 1 1 : 5 1 mm 10 mm 0, 10 mm

28、, 20, 30 . 0, 100 mm, 200, 300 . Fully Fully no. 13 no. 13D 1 : 5 1 : 10 10 mm 10 mm 0, 100 mm, 200, 300 . 0, 200 mm, 400, 600 . Fully Fully no. 14 no. 14D 1 : 20 1 : 50 20 mm 100 mm 0, 200 mm, 400, 600 . 0, 1 m, 2, 3 . Fully Fully no. 15 no. 15D 1 : 100 1 : 200 100 mm 200 mm 0, 1 m, 2, 3 . 0, 2 m,

29、4, 6 . Fully Fully no. 16 1 : 500 1 : 1 000 1 m 1 m 0, 10 m, 20, 30 . 0, 10 m, 20, 30 . Fully Fully no. 17 1 : 1250 1 : 2 500 1 m 2 m 0, 10 m, 20, 30 . 0, 20 m, 40, 60 . Fully Fully no. 18 1 : 10 000 10 m 0, 200 m, 400, 600 . Fully NOTEWhere the designation has a suffix “D”, the scale rule is recomm

30、ended for attachment to drafting machines.BS1347:1986 BSI 08-1999 3 Table 3 Principal dimensions of scale rules, other than for draftingmachines Table 4 Length of flat scale ruleforattachment to drafting machines 4.5 Working edges The thickness of each working edge shall be between0.6mm and0.8mm. 4.

31、6 Smallest subdivision The smallest scale subdivision of each scale shall not be less than0.5mm. 5 Division 5.1 Graduation lines 5.1.1 General. Each scale shall be divided by continuous graduation lines at right angles to and extending to the working edge. The graduation lines and accompanying figur

32、es shall be of a colour contrasting with the body of the scale (see clause9). The graduation lines for each rule shall be of a uniform thickness not greater than0.15mm. The nominal length of line for each level of subdivision shall be constant throughout the scale. Figure 1 Typical sections Figure 2

33、 Cross section of flat scale rule for attachment to a drafting machine Nominal length Minimum overall length Width Thickness at mid-section Minimum width of bevelled edge min. max. min. max. mm mm mm mm mm mm mm 150 300 170 320 32 32 36 36 3.0 3.0 3.4 3.4 10 10 Nominal length Minimum overall length

34、mm mm 300 360 450 490BS1347:1986 4 BSI 08-1999 5.1.2 Single scale. On a single scale (seeFigure 3) the nominal lengths of the minor, intermediate and major graduation lines shall be chosen from2mm,3mm,4.5mm and6mm with limits of 0.5mm. 5.1.3 Combined scale 5.1.3.1 Line lengths. In a combined scale (

35、seeFigure 4) the nominal lengths of minor, intermediate and major graduation lines shall each be chosen from3mm,4.5mm,6mm,7.5mm and9mm with limits of 0.5mm. 5.1.3.2 Method of combination. The scale with the representative fraction giving the smaller ratio shall be against the working edge. A gauge l

36、ine shall separate the two scales and gauge lines shall not appear on the scale rule for any other purpose. Major graduation lines of the scale against the edge shall extend through the gauge line and shall also constitute the major graduation lines for the inner scale. 5.2 Oval section scale rule L

37、ines and accompanying figuring on either face of the scale rule shall not be visible from the other face. 5.3 Accuracy of graduation In any 150 mm length of a scale the cumulative error shall not be greater than0.15mm at20 1 C. 5.4 Open divided scale 5.4.1 Except for the first main unit, the scale s

38、hall be graduated only by lines at the main units. Thefirst main unit only shall be subdivided (seeFigure 5). 5.4.2 The zero of the scale shall be at the second major graduation line and shall be figured “0”. The first graduation line shall be left unfigured. Figure 3 Single scales Figure 4 Combined

39、 scales Figure 5 Beginning of an open divided scaleBS1347:1986 BSI 08-1999 5 5.5 Fully divided scale A fully divided scale shall be subdivided uniformly throughout. The zero shall be at the first graduation line (seeFigure 6). 6 Figuring 6.1 Sequence The figuring along a scale shall be in a consiste

40、nt numerical sequence and shall increase from left to right along the scale (when oriented as shown inFigure 3 toFigure 8). 6.2 Scale unit There shall be no change of unit along the scale. The scale unit of measurement shall be indicated by the appropriate unit symbol at least at both ends of the sc

41、ale (seeFigure 9,Figure 10 andFigure 11). NOTECare needs to be taken to avoid confusion between figures of similar form. Reference to BS3693A is recommended, but the figuring should be of a style that will ensure legibility. 7 Representative fraction 7.1 The representative fraction for each scale sh

42、all be inscribed on the scale. 7.2 On a single scale, the representative fraction shall be marked at the left end of the scale (seeFigure 7). 7.3 On a combined scale the representative fractions shall be marked at the left end of the scale rule adjacent to the appropriate scales (seeFigure 8). 8 Sel

43、ection of scales 8.1 A scale rule of oval section shall have its four edges divided and subdivided, according to designation, as given inTable 1. 8.2 A scale rule of flat section shall have its two bevelled edges divided and subdivided, according to designation, as given inTable 2. 8.3 Every scale r

44、ule of triangular section, whatever its cross section, shall have each of its edges divided and subdivided as for any one single or combined scale given inTable 1 andTable 2. NOTEThe selection of scales on a rule of triangular section is therefore not specified in this standard. 9 Colour coding If c

45、olour coding is used to indicate scale groups, the code given inTable 5 shall be used. NOTEA list of recommended colours selected from BS381C is given inAppendix B. Table 5 Colour code Figure 6 Beginning of a fully divided scale Figure 7 Single scales Figure 8 Combined scale Representative fraction

46、Colour 1 : 1, 1 : 10, 1 : 100 and 1 : 1000 Black 1 : 2, 1 : 20 and 1 : 200 Blue 1 : 5, 1 : 50 and 1 : 500 Red 1 : 1250 and 1 : 2500 GreenBS1347:1986 6 BSI 08-1999 10 Marking All scale rules shall be marked with the number of this British Standard, i.e. “BS 1347” 1)and “METRIC”. Oval and flat rules s

47、hall also be marked with the appropriate designation number. Example of marking For an oval scale rule: “METRIC BS1347 no. 1”. Figure 9 One side of oval section scale rule no. 1 Figure 10 One side of oval section scale rule no. 3 Figure 11 Flat section scale rule no. 14 1) Marking BS 1347 on or in r

48、elation to a product is a claim by the manufacturer that the product has been manufactured to the requirements of the standard. The accuracy of such a claim is therefore solely the manufacturers responsibility. Enquiries as to the availability of third party certification to support such claims shou

49、ld be addressed to the Director, Quality Assurance Division, BSI, PO Box375, Milton Keynes MK146LO for certification marks administered by BSI or to the appropriate authority for other certification marks.BS1347:1986 BSI 08-1999 7 Appendix A Recommended properties of materials used for the manufacture of scale rules A.1 Material The material used in the manufacture of a scale rule should possess toughness, hardness and flexibility in sufficient degree t