BS 3521-2-1991 Terms relating to ophthalmic lenses and spectacle frames - Glossary of terms relating to spectacle frames《眼镜镜片和镜架术语 镜架术语》.pdf

1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS 3521 : Part 2 : 1991 I

2、ncorporating Amendment No. 1 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Terms relating to ophthalmic optics and spectacle frames Part 2. Glossary of terms relating to spectacle framesBS 3521 : Part 2 : 1991 Issue 2, August 1996 This British Standard, having been prepared

3、under the direction of the Health Care Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 30 September 1991 BSI 1991 First published June 1962 as BS 3521 : Parts 1 these terms are followed by the word deprecated. Italicized words indicate te

4、rms that are defined elsewhere in this Part of BS 3521. A minor restructuring of this Part of BS 3521 has been carried out, although the titles of the majority of the sections and subsections have been unaltered. However, in preparing this revision, it was decided to delete section 24 Materials whic

5、h appeared in the 1962 edition, because all the terms are of a general nature and none were specific to the spectacle frame industry. Other terms have also been deleted as either they were no longer in common use in the industry or they had meanings little different from their dictionary definitions

6、. A number of definitions have been amended editorially and some terms, which are now in current use (some of which are taken from BS 3199) or which were required for correspondence with terms in EN ISO 7998, have been introduced. It is because of all these changes, that it has not been feasible to

7、retain the 1962 editions identifying code numbers for the terms.Issue 2, August 1996 BS 3521 : Part 2 : 1991 BSI 1996 3 At the time of publication, the British Standards that relate to ophthalmic subjects include the following: BS 2092 Specification for eye-protectors for industrial and non-industri

8、al uses BS 2724 Specification for sun glare eye protectors for general use BS 2738 Spectacle lenses BS 3062 Specification for ophthalmic lens materials BS 3162 Specification for ophthalmic trial case lenses BS 3172 Specification for screw threads for spectacle frames BS 3199 Method for measurement o

9、f spectacles including a glossary of terms BS 3521 Terms relating to ophthalmic optics and spectacle frames Part 1 Glossary of terms relating to ophthalmic lenses Part 3 Glossary of terms and symbols relating to contact lenses BS 3668 Specification for red and green filters used in ophthalmic dichro

10、matic and dissociation tests BS 4110 Specification for eye-protectors for vehicle users BS 4274 Specification for test charts for determining distance visual acuity BS 6625 Specification for spectacle frames BS 6903 Specification for graduated dial scales for ophthalmic instruments BS 7017 Specifica

11、tion for reference wavelengths for optics and optical instruments BS 7208 Contact lenses BS 7394 Complete spectacles BS 7522 Low vision aids BS EN ISO 7998 Optics and optical instruments Spectacle frames Vocabulary and lists of equivalent terms BS ISO 11380 Optics and optical instruments Formers NOT

12、E. The titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.BS 3521 : Part 2 : 1991 Issue 2, August 1996 4 BSI 1996 Section 1. General terms and styles | No. Term Defi

13、nition 1.1 General terms 21 101 spectacles Optical appliance comprising lenses and a frame or mount with sides extending towards or over the ears. 21 102 frame Spectacles or eyeglasses, considered without the lenses, having rims which will substantially or completely surround the lenses. 21 103 moun

14、t (1) Spectacles or eyeglasses, considered without the lenses, having no rims or with rims which do not substantially surround the lenses. NOTE. The method of holding the lenses is usually by holes or slots in the lenses or by grooves in their periphery. (2) Mechanical structure that supports the le

15、nses in magnifiers and other near-vision aids. 21 104 plastics frame 1) Frame of which the essential parts of the front are made of a plastics material or of a natural material of similar properties. 21 105 metal frame 1) Frame of which the essential parts of the front are made of metal. 1.2 Styles

16、of spectacles NOTE. See also 14.2 of BS 3521 : Part 1 : 1991. 21 201 combination spectacles Spectacles in which the principal parts of the front of the frame or mount are made of two distinct materials, for example metal and plastics. 21 202 folding spectacles Spectacles hinged at the bridge, and po

17、ssibly in the sides,s oa st o fold into a small space. 21 203 library spectacles Spectacles of heavy weight with broad sides and usually of plastics or natural material with similar properties. 21 204 rimless spectacles Spectacles without rims, the lenses being held in position by screws, keys, clam

18、ps or similar devices. 21 205 browbar spectacles Rimless spectacles in which the bridge and joints are connected by bars substantially following the tops of the lenses. 21 206 Supra spectacles Spectacles in which the lenses are held in position by thin bands or cords attached to the rims. 21 207 Win

19、dsor spectacles Spectacles having a metal frame and a thin channelled plastics rim covering the eyewire. 1) As defined in BS EN ISO 7998 : 19965 BS 3521 : Part 2 : 1991 No. Term Definition 1.3 Miscellaneous 21 301 monocle Single lens, with or without a frame or mount, designed to be held between the

20、 brow and the cheek. 21 302 clip-on grab front Attachment holding an auxiliary lens or lenses in front of spectacles by spring action or by means of hooks. 21 303 lorgnette Eyeglasses for occasional use, held before the eyes by a handle into which the lenses may fold when not required.BS 3521 : Part

21、 2 : 1991 Issue 2, August 1996 6 BSI 1996 Section 2. Nomenclature of parts | No. Term Definition 2.1 General terms NOTE. See 3.1 and 3.2 in BS EN ISO 7998 : 1996. 22 101 front The part of the frame or mount comprising the bridge, rims (if any), joints and/or lugs. 22 102 bridge That part of the fron

22、t which forms the main connection between the lenses or rims. NOTE. The bridge assembly is generally taken to include the pads, if any. 22 103 brace bar A strengthening bar joining the rims, additional to the main bridge. 22 104 rim That part of the frame or mount which partly or completely surround

23、s the lens. 22 105 pad An extension of, or attachment to, the bridge or the rim to bear on the nose. 22 106 joint The hinge linking the side and the front. (See also 3.2.) 22 107 lug An extension at each end of the front to which the joint or side is attached. NOTE. Various types of lugs are designa

24、ted by the terms: mitred lug, overhang lug, radiused lug, swept-back lug, wrap-round lug, etc. See 3.5.3 in BS EN ISO 7998 : 1996 where these are illustrated. (See also 22 505.) 22 108 swept-back lug Swept-back extension of the front to which the side is attached. (See 26 411.) 22 109 side An extens

25、ion of, or attachment to, the front passing towards or over the ear. 22 110 groove Channel in the rim or eyewire intended to retain the lens. 2.2 Bridges Group a. Types of plastics bridges NOTE. See 3.1 in BS EN ISO 7998 : 1996. 22 211 saddle bridge A bridge so shaped as to rest on the nose over a c

26、ontinuous area, but in which the ends of the bearing surface extend to lie behind the back plane of the front. NOTE. This term encompasses regular bridge, flush bridge and inset bridge. 22 212 regular bridge A bridge without pads designed to rest on the nose over a continuous area. 22 213 flush brid

27、ge A regular bridge with zero projection. (See 26 116.) 22 214 inset bridge A regular bridge so shaped that its bearing surface is wholly behind the back plane of the front. BSI 1996 7 Issue 2, August 1996 BS 3521 : Part 2 : 1991 | | No. Term Definition 22 215 pad bridge A bridge having two specific

28、 and limited nasal bearing areas. 22 216 keyhole bridge A bridge, with pads, shaped like the outline of the upper part of a keyhole. Group b. Types and parts of non-pad bridges 22 221 arch The main curve of a bridge forming the bearing surface. 22 222 crest The central portion of the arch. Group c.

29、Parts of pad bridges 22 231 rigid pad A pad formed on, or rigidly attached to, the bridge or the rim. 22 232 rocking pad A pad attached by a form of hinge or toggle, allowing some self-adjustment. 22 233 pad arm 1) An extension, either integral with the bridge or as a separate attachment, to which a

30、 pad is fitted. 22 234 pad insert A piece of metal that is placed inside a plastics pad during its manufacture to give the pad rigidity in use. 22 235 pad stud 1) A protrusion from the pad, usually part of the pad insert, used to fasten the pad to the arm. 22 236 twinned pad 1) A pair of rocking pad

31、s joined together to form a type of saddle bridge. 22 237 insert bridge A plastics bridge fitted to supplement the bridge of an otherwise metal frame. 2.3 Joints Group a. Types of joints 22 301 high joint Joint positioned substantially above the centre line. 22 302 low joint Joint positioned substan

32、tially below the centre line. 22 303 central joint Joint positioned on or near the centre line. 22 304 surface joint 2) Joint comprising plates, a charnier and a pivot mounted on the inside surfaces of front and sides by means of which the side hinges on the front. 22 305 recessed joint 2) Joint com

33、prising a charnier and a pivot mounted on plates which have been inset into the inside surfaces of front and sides. 1) See 3.4 in BS EN ISO 7998 : 1996. 2) See 3.5.2 in BS EN ISO : 1996.BS 3521 : Part 2 : 1991 Issue 2, August 1996 8 BSI 1996 | No. Term Definition 22 306 concealed joint 1) Joint in w

34、hich all but the charnier and pivot have been concealed within the material of the front and side. 22 307 tenon joint 1) Joint formed by slotting either the front or side to receive a charnier formed at the end of the other component. 22 308 closing block joint 1) Joint which also enables a metal ri

35、m to be closed (drawn together) and which is formed of two charniers (one threaded) and a screw (see 22 325 and 22 330). 22 309 pinned joint Joint which is attached to the front or side by means of rivets. 22 310 pinless joint Joint with anchoring devices embedded in the material of front and/or sid

36、e. 22 311 billiards joint Joint enabling the wearer to adjust the angle of the side. 22 312 sprung joint 1) Joint having a spring mechanism designed to exert lateral pressure on the side of the head of the spectacle wearer. Groups b. Parts of joints 22 321 charnier 1) Tube or ring, forming part of a

37、 joint, which receives the screw or dowel pin. 22 322 joint plates The parts of a hinge joint that provide the means of fixing it to the front and the side. 22 323 dowel pin pivot pin A pivot in the form of a pin, secured in the joint by riveting. 22 324 dowel screw 1) pivot screw A pivot that is pa

38、rtly threaded so that it can be screwed into the joint. 22 325 closing block screw 1) A screw used to close the two parts of a closing block or a closing block joint. 22 326 rivet 1) A stud that is used to attach a joint plate to the front or side. 22 327 rivet plate 1) A unit comprising two or more

39、 rivets, connected solidly together. 22 328 lock nut 1) A nut fitted for the sole purpose of preventing unintentional loosening of the retaining screw or dowel. 22 329 sprung joint base 1) The plate which acts as a mounting for the mechanism of a sprung joint and by which the joint is attached to th

40、e side. 22 330 threaded barrel 1) One of the charniers of a closing block joint which is threaded to receive the closing block screw. 1) See 3.5.2 in BS EN ISO 7998 : 1996. BSI 1996 9 Issue 2, August 1996 BS 3521 : Part 2 : 1991 | No. Term Definition 2.4 Sides Group a. Types of sides 22 411 curl sid

41、e 1) A side, the end of which is usually flexible and is designed to lie along the greater part of the groove behind the ear. 22 412 half-covered curl side 1) A metal curl side, the butt of which is made with a plastics covering. 22 413 drop-end side 1) A side which is essentially straight from dowe

42、l screw to bend and the end of which is designed to lie only in the upper part of the groove behind the ear. NOTE. Various types of drop-end sides are designated by the descriptive terms: club-end, hockey-end, etc. 22 414 straight side 1) A side without a curl or drop, extending beyond, or at least

43、to, the ear. 22 415 spatula side A straight side but with its tip modified to give improved grip. 22 416 sinuous side A drop-end side in which the centre line describes one or more curves from the dowel screw to the bend. 22 417 loop-end side A side terminating in a loop which is designed to take a

44、tape or elastic ribbon. 22 418 reinforced side A plastics side or a side with a plastics butt having a metal insert along the greater part of the side or the whole of the butt. Group b. Parts of sides 22 431 tip 1) The end of the side furthest from the front. 22 432 butt 1) The part of a side neares

45、t to the joint and having a different form from the remainder of the side. 22 433 collet 1) A metal collar sometimes fitted at the hind end of the butt. 22 434 curl The flexible end of a curl side. 22 435 drop 1) The bent-down end of a drop-end side. 22 436 ball tip 1) A small piece of metal in the shape of a ball, fixed to the end of a curl side. 22 437 endcover 1) A plastics covering for the end of a metal side. 22 438 core 1) The wire on which the curl is wound. (See 22 439.) 1) See 3.5.1 in BS EN ISO 7998 : 1996.