BS 3618-9-1974 Glossary of mining terms - Shafts and associated equipment《采掘术语 第9部分 竖井和辅助设备》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 3618-9: 1974 Glossary of Mining terms Section 9: Shafts and associated equipment UDC 001.4:622BS3618-9:1974 This British Standard, having been approved by the Mining andQuarrying Requisites Industry Standards Committee, was published under the authorityof the Executive Boardon 31

2、 December1974 BSI 11-1999 First published August1967 First revision December1974 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference MQE/17 Draft for approval74/41244 ISBN 0 580 08497 3 Co-operating organizations The Mining and Quarrying Requisites Industry Standard

3、s Committee, under whose supervision this British Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following Government department and scientific and industrial organizations: Association of Mining Electrical and Mechanical Engineers British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers Association

4、 British Steel Industry Council of Underground Machinery Manufacturers Department of Trade and Industry* Engineering Equipment Users Association Institute of Quarrying Institution of Mechanical Engineers Institution of Mining Engineers* Mechanical Handling Engineers Association National Coal Board*

5、The Government department and industrial organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the committee entrusted with the preparation of this British Standard: Institution of Mining and Metallurgy University of Birmingham University

6、of London University of Nottingham Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS3618-9:1974 BSI 11-1999 i Contents Page Co-operating organizations Inside front cover Foreword ii Figure 1 Straight friction wedge type rope capping 9 Figure 2 White metal type rope capping 9BS361

7、8-9:1974 ii BSI 11-1999 Foreword This glossary has been prepared, under the authority of the Mining and Quarrying Requisites Industry Standards Committee, in order to standardize and to co-ordinate the technical terms in current use in mining in the United Kingdom. Although the majority of the terms

8、 defined in the original edition of this glossary were primarily concerned with coal mining, account has been taken of terms used in other forms of mining and of quarrying. The need for this glossary arose from the widely varying interpretation of terms used within the industry, and the prevalent us

9、e of more than one synonym, some purely local in origin, to indicate specific meanings. The glossary has been issued in a number of sections, according to subject matter, as follows. Section1: Planning and surveying; Section2: Ventilation; Section3: Boring and exploration; Section4: Drainage; Sectio

10、n5: Geology; Section6: Drilling and blasting; Section7: Electrical engineering and lighting; Section8: Winning and working; Section9: Shafts and associated equipment; Section10: Transport; Section11: Strata control. In the normal process of periodical review of the BS3618 publications it was seen th

11、at a number of modifications were desirable to Section9 “Shafts and associated equipment”; therefore, since the initial edition was dated1967, it was decided to publish a revision incorporating these changes. In compiling the glossary account has been taken of the fact that terms primarily associate

12、d with coal are separately defined in BS3323 “Glossary of coal terms”, and terms relating to coal preparation are defined in BS3552 “Glossary of terms used in coal preparation”. The following factors also have applied in the statement, selection and definition of terms. a) Where two or more terms ar

13、e grouped together, the term which is favoured is printed first and in heavy type. It is hoped that such preferred terms will gradually displace the non-preferred terms. The non-preferred terms of a group are printed in smaller type. Where the use of any term is considered to be undesirable it is ma

14、rked deprecated. b) Generally, only terms which have a specific meaning in this field have been included. Where a technical term has an accepted meaning in other fields of engineering it has been omitted; the few exceptions are terms which are of particular importance in mining. c) Purely local term

15、s are not defined, but those of sufficient importance are included as non-preferred terms. d) Obsolete terms are excluded.BS3618-9:1974 BSI 11-1999 iii A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their corr

16、ect application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi to iv, pages1 to9 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have ha

17、d amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.iv blankBS3618-9:1974 BSI 11-1999 1 Term Definition a.c. winder See winder electric drive. adjusting links Links, plates or blocks of various lengths used to adjust the overall length of suspension gea

18、r. apron conveyor A plate type conveyor carrying mineral between a storage bunker and skip measuring pockets at an underground loading station, or at a pit top carrying mineral from a tippler to a main transporting conveyor. arrestors retarders Devices provided in the headframe and the sump to arres

19、t an overwound conveyance or counterweight, particularly in friction winding systems. artificial landing A horizon above the shaft bottom or lowest landing place selected for reasons of safety to enable running tests to be carried out on the winding engine by adjustment of the positional relationshi

20、p between the shaft conveyances, control equipment and automatic contrivance, during the normal winding cycle. automatic contrivance The apparatus provided to prevent overwinding of a manriding conveyance and which is designed: a) to prevent the descending conveyance from being landed at the lowest

21、entrance to or at the bottom of the shaft at an excessive speed; and b) to control movement of the ascending conveyance to prevent danger to persons therein. automatic winder control See winder control system. backing boards backing deals The temporary timber lining erected against the walls of a sh

22、aft sinking. backing out The operation of reversing a conveyance out of an overwind. (See also backing out switch in the Electrical engineering and lighting section.) backwall injection The injection of grout, or other sealing or consolidating compound, behind the finished lining of a shaft to seal

23、off residual water and/or to preserve the lining. balance rope tail rope A continuous rope suspended from the underside of the conveyances, or conveyance and counterweight, in a winding system to reduce the effect of the out-of-balance rope weight in the shaft. balance rope pulley A pulley suspended

24、 in the loop of a balance rope to control undesirable movement of the balance rope, e.g.twisting. bank 1. The colliery surface. 2. The decking level at a shaft top. banksman The person in charge of signalling at the shaft top and of loading and unloading shaft conveyances. Bennett catches See overwi

25、nd catches. bi-cylindro-conical drum A winding drum on which the rope is carried on two parallel or nearly parallel sections of drum of different diameters interconnected by a conical section on which the rope is carried in a scroll. bottom pillar See shaft pillar. bowk See kibble. brake engine A st

26、eam, hydraulic or pneumatically powered device designed to release, and in some systems to apply, the mechanical brakes of a winder. bridle chains See suspension chains. buffer beams bumper beams bumping beams, deprecated In friction winding, beams fitted in the headframe and the shaft, at the limit

27、s of travel, to stop an overwound conveyance (cf. landing baulks).BS3618-9:1974 2 BSI 11-1999 Term Definition bunton byatt One of a series of horizontal beams set at intervals across a shaft to support rigid guides, cables and pipes and, in rectangular shafts, to act as struts. cactus grab A tined l

28、oading device used for removing rock debris from a shaft sinking. cage A frame, generally constructed of steel or wrought iron, provided with a roof, sides and one or more floors or decks, for conveying men, mine cars or tubs, or materials, in a shaft. cage or conveyance in-line valve A control valv

29、e, sited at a decking level in the shaft and operated by the shaft conveyance to initiate the sequence of hydraulic or pneumatic decking operations. cage hangers Vertical members in the framework of a cage to which the cage hoops are attached and which transmit the load to the suspension gear. cage

30、hoop Part of a shaft conveyance, being a horizontal continuous stay supporting the cage hangers and forming the main support for the conveyance decks. caisson sinking A method of sinking through unconsolidated surface deposits, whereby a shaft lining consisting of cast-iron tubbing built up ring by

31、ring at the surface is arranged to sink down the shaft, the ground within the lining being excavated from an air-tight chamber having a pressure higher than atmospheric. capel See capping. capping capel, deprecated The complete attachment fitted at the end of a rope, by means of which the rope is co

32、upled to any apparatus. Various types are as follows: a) Straight friction wedge type. A capping in which the rope is compressed between friction wedges, bands being driven over the hairpin shaped loop of the capping to produce the compressive force. (See Figure 1.) b) White metal type. A capping in

33、 which the rope is secured in white metal in a tapered socket. (See Figure 2.) catch scaffold 1. A safety platform used in shaft sinking and suspended just below the level of the working scaffold. 2. A permanent platform below the lowest normal working level of the shaft. catches See keps. cathead A

34、 frame extension above the headgear to facilitate the installation and servicing of the headgear sheave. cementation process A method of sealing off water-bearing strata by the injection of cement grout through boreholes. (See also backwall injection and pre-injection.) cleat 1. A clamp used for fix

35、ing cables and pipes in a shaft. 2. See also Geology section. clivvy hook A type of hook, used to attach a winding rope to a kibble, in which the mouth of the hook is closed normally by a safety device. closed loop control See winder control system. clutched drum winder A winder having two drums, ei

36、ther or both of which may be declutched for the purpose of adjusting the depth of winding for multi-level working. coffering The lining of a shaft with concentric layers of brickwork, the spaces between being packed with cement or puddled clay to make a watertight lining. collar The ring of initial

37、foundations forming the mouth of a shaft. consecutive decking The operation of loading and unloading each deck of a multi-deck cage in turn, the cage being moved to a single decking level between each loading and unloading process. control system See winder control system.BS3618-9:1974 BSI 11-1999 3

38、 Term Definition converter fed winder See winder electric drive. counterweight A weight connected into a single conveyance winding system to reduce the out-of-balance static loads within the system. creep (rope) See rope creep. creep speed A low winding speed normally employed just prior to stopping

39、. crib See curb. curb crib walling crib Ring of iron, timber or concrete set so as to form the foundation for a section of walling in a sinking shaft. cyclic control See winder control system. cylindro-conical drum A winding drum on which the rope is carried partly in a scrolled conical section and

40、partly on a parallel section of drum, usually of the same diameter as the largest diameter of the scroll. decking 1. The loading and unloading of a cage. (See also consecutive decking and simultaneous decking.) 2. The operation needed to bring the decks of a cage into line with loading and unloading

41、 equipment for the purpose of loading or unloading. decking level The level or position of a cage for loading and unloading operations. decking ram A powered device to push mine cars or tubs into a cage. deflecting sheaves guide sheaves Sheaves used in tower mounted friction winders to deflect the w

42、inding ropes to the required positions in the winding shaft when the diameter of the driving sheave or drum exceeds the required distance between the rope centres. detaching bell or plate The apparatus in the headgear which operates the detaching hook in the event of an overwind, and from which the

43、detached conveyance is suspended when safety catches are not provided. detaching hook A device located between the capping and the conveyance such that, in the event of an overwind, an ascending drum wound conveyance is detached from the rope and is held in the headgear. downcast shaft (D.C.) A shaf

44、t through which fresh air is drawn or forced into a mine. draw See wind. drop-shaft sinking A method of sinking through unconsolidated surface deposits whereby a shaft lining built up ring by ring at the surface is arranged to sink through the strata, the ground within the lining being excavated in

45、the process. drum hoist See drum winder. drum winder drum hoist A type of winding engine in which the rope for a conveyance is fastened at one end to the drum so that it is wound on or off as the drum is rotated. emergency winder (mobile) A transportable winding engine used in an emergency to facili

46、tate a shaft examination or to gain access to a conveyance held in a shaft when an incident has made it either undesirable or not possible to use the normal winding machinery. equalizing plate See spreader plate. eye 1. The top or mouth of a shaft. 2. See inset. fleet angle The angle between the lin

47、e of a winding rope at the extreme working turn on a drum and a line drawn perpendicular to the axis of the drum through the centre of the headgear sheave over which the rope passes. flexible guides See rope guides.BS3618-9:1974 4 BSI 11-1999 Term Definition freezing process A method of consolidatin

48、g water-bearing strata, to prepare it for shaft sinking, in which a freezing agent (usually brine) is circulated through suitably disposed boreholes drilled into the strata around the site of the shaft. friction hoist See friction winder. friction tread rope tread tread The lining of a driving drum

49、or sheave on which the rope(s) of a friction winder run(s). friction winder friction hoist A type of winding engine in which movement of the conveyance is produced by friction drive between the winding rope and the friction tread of a driving sheave (Koepe system) or a driving drum (multi-rope system). garland A channel fixed around the lining within a shaft in order to catch the water draining down the shaft walls and conduct it by pipes or water boxes to a lower level. gravity winding A system of winding, using out of balance masses, now widely