BS 3900-A9-1986 Methods of test for paints Determination of flashpoint (closed cup equilibrium method).pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS3900-A9: 1986 BS6664-2: 1986 ISO1523:1983 Flashpoint: closed cup Methods of test for Paints Part A9: Determination of flashpoint (closed cup equilibrium method Flashpoint of petroleum and related products Part2: Method for determination of flashpoint (closed cup equilibrium method

2、) ISO title: Paints, varnishes, petroleum and related products Determination of flashpoint Closed cup equilibrium method UDC667.612:536.468:543.873BS3900-A9:1986BS6664-2:1986 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Petroleum Standards Committee and the Pigments, Paints

3、and Varnishes Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 28 February 1986 BSI 04-1999 First published, as BS3900-A9, April 1973 First revision, jointly with BS6664-2, February 1986 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standa

4、rd: Committee reference PTC/13 andPVC/10 Draft for comment81/52418DC ISBN 0 580 14786 X Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Petroleum Standards Committee (PTC/-) and the Pigments, Paints and Varnishes Standards Committee (PVC

5、/-) to Technical Committees PTC/13 and PVC/10, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Gas Corporation Chemical Industries Association Electricity Supply Industry in England and Wales Greater London Council Health and Safety Executive Institute of Metal Finishing Institute of Petro

6、leum Ministry of Defence Oil and Colour Chemists Association Paint Research Association Paintmakers Association of Great Britain Ltd. Titanium Pigment Manufacturers Technical Committee Coopted member Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS3900-A9:1986BS6664-2:1986 BSI 0

7、4-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii 0 Introduction 1 1 Scope and field of application 1 2 References 1 3 Definition 1 4 Principle 1 5 Apparatus 1 6 Sampling and sample treatment 2 7 Procedure 2 8 Calculation 3 9 Precision 3 10 Test report 4 11 Tests

8、for referee purposes 4 Annex A Suitable closed cups specified in national standards 5 Annex B Sampling procedures 5 Figure Closed cup, with fitted stirrer (see5.1), immersed in the bath 4 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS3900-A9:1986BS6664-2:1986 ii BSI 04-1999 National foreword These Par

9、ts of BS3900 and BS6664 have been prepared under the direction of the Petroleum Standards Committee and the Pigments, Paints and Varnishes Standards Committee. They are identical with ISO1523-1983 “Paints, varnishes, petroleum and related products Determination of flashpoint Closed cup equilibrium m

10、ethod”, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ISO1523 was prepared as a result of discussions in ISO Technical Committee28, Petroleum products and lubricants, and ISO Technical Committee35, Paints and varnishes, in which the UK participated. This Part of BS3900 super

11、sedes BS3900-A9:1973, which is withdrawn. This revision contains only minor technical changes from the previous edition of BS3900-A9, and it essentially constitutes an editorial revision to enable the test procedure which was applicable to paints, varnishes and related products to be equally applica

12、ble to petroleum and similar products. To ensure that this additional applicability is not overlooked by its publication within BS3900, covering methods of test for paints, this standard is also published as Part2 of BS6664, covering flashpoint of petroleum and related products. Initially BS6664 wil

13、l consist of four Parts which are identical with four international standards prepared jointly by ISO/TC28and ISO/TC35, which correspond as follows: Additional Parts may eventually be added to BS6664, if appropriate. Other British Standard methods for the determination of flashpoint 1)of petroleum a

14、nd related materials include the following: BS2000, Methods of test for petroleum and its products. BS2000-33, Flash point by the Abel apparatus (Statutory method: Petroleum (Consolidation) Act1928). BS2000-34, Flash point by Pensky-Martens closed tester. BS2000-35, Flash point (open) and fire point

15、 of petroleum products by the Pensky-Martens apparatus. International standard Corresponding British Standard BS3900 Methods of testfor paints BS6664 Flashpoint of petroleum and related products ISO1516:1981 Part A8:1986 Test for flash/no flash (closed cup equilibrium method) Part1:1986 Method of te

16、st for flash/no flash (closed cup equilibrium method) ISO1523:1983 Part A9:1986 Determination of flashpoint (closed cup equilibrium method) Part2:1986 Method for determination of flashpoint (closed cup equilibrium method) BS3900 Methods of test for paints BS6664 Flashpoint of petroleum and related p

17、roducts ISO3679:1983 Part A14:1986 Determination of flashpoint (rapid equilibrium method) Part4:1986 Method for determination of flashpoint (rapid equilibrium method) ISO3680:1983 Part A13:1986 Test for flash/no flash (rapid equilibrium method) Part3:1986 Method of test for flash/no flash (rapid equ

18、ilibrium method) 1) In this standard the term “flashpoint” has been used as a single word to maintain the identity with ISO1523. In other British Standards such as BS2000 and BS4689 (identical with ISO2592) the term has been used as two words. No difference is implied by this difference in usage whi

19、ch has arisen from the separate development of these two groups of standard.BS3900-A9:1986BS6664-2:1986 BSI 04-1999 iii BS2000-113, Flash point (closed) of cutback bitumen. BS2000-170, Flash point by the Abel apparatus (non-statutory method). BS4689, Method for determination of flash and fire points

20、 to petroleum products: Cleveland open cup method. It has been assumed in the drafting of this British Standard that it will be used and applied by those who are appropriately qualified and experienced. Terminology and conventions. The text of the international standard has been approved as suitable

21、 for publication as a British Standard without deviation. Some terminology and certain conventions are not identical with those used in British Standards; attention is drawn especially to the following. The comma has been used throughout as a decimal marker. In British Standards it is current practi

22、ce to use a full point on the baseline as the decimal marker. Wherever the words “International Standard” appear, referring to this standard, they should be read as “British Standard” and wherever the identification “ISO1523” appears it should be read as either “BS3900-A9” or “BS6664-2”. There is no

23、 British Standard corresponding to ISO3171:1975 2) . The Technical Committee PTC/13has reviewed the provisions of ISO3171 to which reference is made inB.2 and has decided that they are acceptable for use in conjunction with this standard. With reference to Annex A, the British Standards referred to

24、have been withdrawn and superseded by the following Parts of BS2000 (seeparagraph4) which are technically equivalent to the withdrawn British Standards. BS3442 superseded by BS2000-33andBS 2000-170; BS2839 superseded by BS2000-34. Cross-references International standard Corresponding British Standar

25、d BS3900 Methods of test for paints ISO1512:1974 Part A1:1970 Sampling (Technically equivalent) ISO1513:1980 Part A2:1983 Examination and preparation of samples for testing (Identical) ISO1516:1981 Part A8:1986 a .Test for flash/no flash (closed cup equilibrium method) (Identical) ISO3170:1975 b BS3

26、195 Methods for sampling petroleum products Part1:1978 Liquid hydrocarbons manual sampling (Identical) ISO3679:1983 BS3900 Methods of test for paints Part A14:1986 cDetermination of flashpoint (rapid equilibrium method) (Identical) a Also numbered as BS6664-1 (see paragraph3). b In revision. c Also

27、numbered as BS6664-4 (see paragraph3). 2) In revision.BS iv BSI 04-1999 BS3900-A9:1986BS6664-2:1986 Additional information. In using this standard as Part of BS3900 it may be helpful to refer to the general information in the Introduction to BS3900, issued separately. A British Standard does not pur

28、port to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front

29、cover, pages i to iv, pages1to6, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on theinside front cover.BS3900-A9:1986BS6664-2:1986 BSI 04-1999 1 0 Introduction This I

30、nternational Standard describes one of two methods for the determination of the flashpoint of paints, varnishes, petroleum and related products and it should be read in conjunction with ISO3679 when selecting a method. By the procedure specified in this International Standard, differences between te

31、st apparatus of various standard designs are minimized by ensuring that the test is carried out only when the product under test and the air/vapour mixture above it in the test vessel are approximately in temperature equilibrium. Nevertheless the interpretation of results obtained from solvent mixtu

32、res containing halogenated hydrocarbons should be considered with caution as these mixtures can give anomalous results 3) . NOTEThe flash/no flash test using the same equipment under equilibrium conditions is given in ISO1516. 1 Scope and field of application This International Standard specifies a

33、method for determining the flashpoint of a paint, varnish, paint binder, solvent, petroleum or a related product and makes allowance for deviations from standard atmospheric pressure. The method is suitable for use over the temperature range5to110C, although some of the apparatus listed in Annex A c

34、annot cover all of this range using the thermometer supplied with the apparatus. NOTE 1In some countries, existing regulations may require the use of other methods over at least a part of the temperature range5to110 C. NOTE 2Care should be taken in the interpretation of results obtained from solvent

35、 mixtures containing halogenated hydrocarbons (see clause0). 2 References ISO1512, Paints and varnishes Sampling. ISO1513, Paints and varnishes Examination and preparation of samples for testing. ISO1516, Paints, varnishes, petroleum and related products Flash/no flash test Closed cup equilibrium me

36、thod. ISO3170, Petroleum products Liquid hydrocarbons Manual sampling. ISO3171, Petroleum products Liquid hydrocarbons Automatic pipeline sampling. ISO3679, Paints, varnishes, petroleum and related products Determination of flashpoint Rapid equilibrium method. 3 Definition flashpoint (closed cup) mi

37、nimum temperature to which a product, confined in a closed cup, must be heated for the vapours emitted to ignite momentarily in the presence of a flame, when operating under standardized conditions NOTEIn this International Standard, the flashpoint is corrected to an atmospheric pressure of101,3kPa(

38、1013mbar). 4 Principle The test portion is heated in a suitably designed closed cup by immersing it to the required level in a suitable bath. The temperature of the bath is slowly raised at such a rate that the difference in temperature between the liquid in the bath and the test portion in the cup

39、never exceeds2 C, and the heating procedure ensures that the temperature of the test portion does not rise more quickly than about0,5 C in1,5min (see note1). During the heating-up period, ignition trials are carried out at intervals of not less than1,5min (seenote2). The lowest temperature at which

40、a flash occurs is noted and from this and a duplicate determination the flashpoint of the test product is calculated, corrected to the standard atmospheric pressure of101,3kPa(1013mbar). NOTE 1To ensure that the test is carried out under approximately equilibrium conditions, a slow rate of heating i

41、s necessary because of the low thermal conductivity of some products and also because heat transfer by convection is hindered by the high viscosity of many products. Uniformity of temperature throughout the product under test may be assisted by use of a stirring device, although it is not to be oper

42、ated during an ignition trial. NOTE 2A minimum time interval of1,5min is necessary to ensure that a saturation concentration of vapour in the air space above the test portion is re-established after each ignition trial. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Test cup. A closed cup with an internal level indicator; the clo

43、sed cups specified in a number of national standards (see Annex A) satisfy the necessary requirements. If a stirrer is fitted to the test cup used, it may be operated during the heating-up period but shall be stopped during the ignition trial. If a stirrer originally fitted to the test cup is remove

44、d, the aperture in the cover shall be securely plugged before starting the test. 3) RYBICKY, J. and STEVENS, J.R., J. Coatings Technol. 53 (676) May1981:40-42.BS3900-A9:1986BS6664-2:1986 2 BSI 04-1999 Essentially, the test cup shall be fitted with a cover which carries an opening slide and an igniti

45、on device which is inserted to a prescribed level into one of the openings in the cover when a test is made. The details of the cover, slide, ignition device and its movement shall be in accordance with the appropriate national standard listed in Annex A. The equipment is such that an ignition trial

46、 can be performed by opening the slide, inserting and removing the nozzle of the ignition device, and closing the slide again, in a period of 2,50,5s. A mechanically driven device for the opening of the slide and applying the ignition device to the air/vapour mixture in the cup is permissible and th

47、e source of flame for the ignition device may be any suitable flammable gas. 5.2 Bath, containing a suitable liquid, capable of being adjusted to the required temperature (see7.2.1.2) and of adequate heat capacity to meet the requirements of7.2.3.6. A bath fitted with a stirrer and thermostat of sui

48、table range is convenient. Other procedures for heating the closed cup may be used if the rate of heating complies with the requirements given in clause4. 5.3 Thermometers. The test cup(5.1) shall be fitted with a thermometer of appropriate range and dimensions that, when immersed in the test portio

49、n, measures its temperature with an error no greater than0,5 C. Athermometer having a graduation at each0,5 C is recommended. The bath(5.2) shall be fitted with a thermometer of equal precision. When required, the accuracy of the thermometers shall be checked against a reference standard by an authorized laboratory using the stipulated immersion. 5.4 Support, for holding the test cup in the bath(5.2) so that the cover and upper edge are horizontal. The cup is immersed in direct contact with the liquid in the bath in such a posi