1、BRITISH STANDARD BS4656-22: 1988 ISO3655:1986 Accuracy of machine tools and methods of test Part22: Specification for vertical boring and turning lathes, single and double column types ISO title: Acceptance conditions for vertical turning and boring lathes with one or two columns and a single fixed
2、or movable table General introduction and testing of the accuracy UDC 621.9.01187:001.4:621.941.28BS4656-22:1988 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Machine, Engineers and Hand Tools Standards Committee, was published under the authority ofthe Board of BSI and comes
3、 intoeffect on 31 May1988 BSI 08-1999 First published December1978 First revision May1988 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference MTE/1 Draft(ref.87/73978) announced inBSI News May1988 ISBN 0 580 16525 6 Committees responsible for this British Standard T
4、he preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Machine, Engineers and Hand Tools Standards Committee(MTE/-) to Technical Committee MTE/1, upon which the following bodies were represented: Advanced Manufacturing Technology Research Institute Cranfield Institute of Technology Department
5、of Trade and IndustryMechanical Engineering and Manufacturing Technology Division(Mmt) Federation of British Engineers Tool Manufacturers Health and Safety Executive Institution of Production Engineers Ministry of Defence University of Aston in Birmingham Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.
6、 Date of issue CommentsBS4656-22:1988 BSI 08-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii 1 Scope and field of application 1 2 References 1 3 Definitions of the machining operations carried out on these machines 1 4 Definition and description of the various typ
7、es 1 5 Preliminary remarks 3 6 Diagrams 3 7 Nomenclature 4 8 Acceptance conditions and permissible deviations 6 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS4656-22:1988 ii BSI 08-1999 National foreword This Part of BS4656 has been prepared under the direction of the Machine, Engineers and Hand Tools
8、 Standards Committee and implements agreements of the International Organization for Standardization(ISO). It is identical with ISO3655:1986 “Acceptance conditions for vertical turning and boring lathes with one or two columns and a single fixed or movable table General introduction and testing of t
9、he accuracy”. Inch dimensions. In accordance with the UK policy of metrication, inch dimensions given in this standard are not valid and are included for information purposes only. Abbreviations. For the purposes of this standard, various methods of expressing permissible deviations are employed, ea
10、ch having a particular type of application. The methods employed are as follows. Terminology and conventions. The text of the International Standard has been approved as suitable for publication as a British Standard without deviation. Some terminology and certain conventions are not identical with
11、those used in British Standards; attention is drawn especially to the following. The comma has been used as a decimal marker. In British Standards it is current practice to use a full point on the baseline as the decimal marker. Wherever the words “International Standard” appear, referring to this s
12、tandard, they should be read as “British Standard”. The Technical Committee has reviewed the provisions of ISO841 and ISO1101, to which reference is made in the text, and has decided that they are acceptable for use in conjunction with this standard. A related British Standard to ISO1101 is BS308 “E
13、ngineering drawing practice” Part3:1972 “Geometrical tolerancing”. There is no corresponding British Standard to ISO841. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance wit
14、h a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. This type of expression applies to deviations of perpendicularity that are ratios. This type of expression applies to deviations of straightness and parallelism, and is used in fact for local permissible deviations, the
15、measurement length being obligatory. This type of expression applies to deviations of straightness and parallelism and is used to recommend a measurement length, but in this case the proportionality rule comes into operation if the measurement length differs from that indicated. Cross-references Int
16、ernational Standard Corresponding British Standard ISO230-1:1986 BS3800:1964 Methods for testing the accuracy of machine tools (Technically equivalent) Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, pages1 to18, an inside back cover and a back cover. Thi
17、s standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS4656-22:1988 BSI 08-1999 1 1 Scope and field of application This International Standard defines machining operations on vertical turnin
18、g and boring lathes with one or two columns and a single fixed or movable table. It defines and summarizes the different types of machines and establishes a glossary for the various types of machine tool. It indicates, with reference to ISO230-1, both geometrical and practical tests for such vertica
19、l lathes, and gives the corresponding permissible deviations for general purpose use machines of normal accuracy. NOTEIn addition to terms used in the three official ISO languages(English, French and Russian), this International Standard gives the equivalent terms in German, Italian and Swedish; the
20、se have been included at the request of Technical Committee ISO/TC39 and are published under the responsibility of the member bodies for Germany F.R.(DIN), Italy(UNI) and Sweden(SIS). However, only the terms given in the official languages can be considered as ISO terms. It deals only with the verif
21、ication of accuracy of the machine. It does not apply to the running of the machine(vibrations, abnormal noises, stick-slip motion of components, etc.) or to machine characteristics(speeds, feeds, etc.), which should generally be checked before testing accuracy. 2 References ISO230-1, Machine tools
22、Acceptance code for machine tools Part1: Geometric accuracy of the machine operating under no load or finishing conditions. ISO841, Numerical control of machines Axis and motion nomenclature. ISO1101, Technical drawings Geometrical tolerancing Tolerancing of form, orientation, location and run-out G
23、eneralities, definitions, symbols, indications on drawings. 3 Definitions of the machining operations carried out on these machines 3.1 turning operations turning consists of machining of internal or external, cylindrical or conical or other revolving surfaces by means of one or more single point cu
24、tting tools 3.2 facing operations a vertical turning and boring lathe can also be used for machining flat surfaces, perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the table. This operation is called facing 3.3 threading operations threads of given pitches are machined on external or internal cylindrical s
25、urfaces by means of special thread form cutting tools 3.4 scroll cutting operations scroll(Archimedian spiral) cutting is the machining of spiral grooves in a surface perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the table 4 Definition and description of the various types The common characteristic of all
26、 vertical turning and boring lathes is that they have at least one circular table which revolves on a fixed or movable base. The axis of rotation of the table is vertical and the horizontal surface is used as a location face for workpiece location fixtures. These machines fall into two categories ch
27、aracterized by type, i.e.: vertical turning and boring lathes with a single column; vertical turning and boring lathes with two columns. In addition, in the machines of the first category or “single column lathes”, there are machines with: fixed column and fixed table; fixed column and movable table
28、; movable column and fixed table. Machines of the second category or “lathes with two columns” can be sub-divided into: machines with fixed columns and fixed table; machines with movable columns and fixed table; machines with fixed columns and movable table. 4.1 Vertical lathes with a single column
29、(see7.1) This configuration relates to machines of small to medium capacity having a table diameter of between630 and2500mm(25 and100in) for machines with a fixed table, and of between1600 and10000mm(63 and400in) for machines with a movable table or column.BS4656-22:1988 2 BSI 08-1999 4.1.1 Base, ta
30、ble, table support, column For single column machines the table is supported by a base to which the column is rigidly attached. In certain cases the base and column are integral. In the case of machines with a movable table the world “bed” can be substituted for the word “base”. The table support co
31、nsists of the base of the machine including the table drive and gear-box. The table axis and the column slideways are located in parallel vertical planes. 4.1.2 Rail, side head and rams The rail is an element the main slideways of which are perpendicular to the column slideways. It can be either fix
32、ed or movable. If the rail is fixed, it is rigidly connected to the column or in certain cases integral with the column; if movable, it slides along the vertical slideways of the column which are parallel to the table axis. The rail has horizontal slideways on which either one or two railheads move.
33、 These railheads carry a ram or a slide with vertical or inclined movement and on which a toolholder or turret is mounted. In certain cases, the machine may have an additional head called a side head. This head is mounted at the side of the table and is guided by vertical slideways which are paralle
34、l to the rail vertical movement. It has a ram fitted with a toolholder or turret and has horizontal or inclined movement. 4.1.3 Cutting and feed movements The cutting movement is generated by the table. The machine can be fitted with the following feed movements: horizontal movement of the railhead
35、or heads along the rail; vertical or inclined movement of the railhead ram or rams; vertical movement of the side head; horizontal or inclined movement of the side head ram. These movements also generally have a “rapid traverse”. The vertical movement of the rail and, where applicable, the table or
36、column movement on the bed, are only positioning movements and not feed movements. 4.2 Vertical lathes with two columns(see 7.2) This configuration relates to machines with a large capacity having a table diameter of greater than1800 or2000mm(72 or80in). For this type of machine the table is support
37、ed by the base, which is rigidly attached to the right- and left-hand columns. At their upper end the columns are connected by a solid member called the bridge. The upper part of the machine can have a front cover for aesthetic reasons. 4.2.1 Rail, railheads and rams Vertical turning and boring lath
38、es having two columns, with the exception of specially adapted machines, always have a rail which can be moved vertically. The rail has horizontal slideways on which one or two railheads move. The railheads carry a ram or slide with vertical or inclined movement, and on which a toolholder or turret
39、is mounted. In the case of a rail with two railheads, these are called the right- and left-hand railheads with respect to an operator standing in front of the machine. In certain cases the machine can have a side head placed on the right-hand column and guided by vertical slideways parallel to the r
40、ail vertical movement. The side head ram may have horizontal or inclined movement. The side head may be fitted with a toolholder or turret. 4.2.2 Cutting and feed movements The cutting movement is generated by the table. The machine may have the following feed movements: horizontal movement of the t
41、wo railheads along the rail; vertical or inclined movement of the railhead ram or slide; horizontal or inclined movement of the side head ram; vertical movement of the side head. The movements are also generally capable of “rapid traverse”. The vertical movement of the rail and, where applicable, th
42、e movement of the column on the base, are only positioning movements and are not feed movements.BS4656-22:1988 BSI 08-1999 3 4.3 Designation of axes 5 Preliminary remarks 5.1 In this International Standard, all dimensions and tolerances are expressed in millimetres and inches. 5.2 To apply this Inte
43、rnational Standard, reference should be made to ISO230-1, especially for installation of the machine before testing, warming up of spindles and other moving parts, description of measuring methods and recommended accuracy of testing equipment. 5.3 The sequence in which the geometrical tests are give
44、n is related to the sub-assemblies of the machine and this in no way defines the practical order of testing. In order to make the mounting of instruments or gauging easier, tests may be applied in any order. 5.4 When inspecting a machine, it is not always necessary to carry out all the tests given i
45、n this International Standard. It is up to the user to choose, in agreement with the manufacturer, those relating to the properties which are of interest to him, but these tests are to be clearly stated when ordering a machine. 5.5 The practical tests shall be made with finishing cuts and not with r
46、oughing cuts which are liable to generate appreciable cutting forces. 5.6 When establishing the tolerance for a measuring range different from that given in this International Standard(see 2.311 in ISO230-1) it should be borne in mind that the minimum tolerance value is0,005mm(0.0002in) for geometri
47、cal and practical tests. 5.7 For table or movable column machines, tests shall be carried out setting the column as near as possible to the axis of rotation of the table. 6 Diagrams For reasons of simplicity, diagrams in this International Standard illustrate only typical designs of machines.BS4656-
48、22:1988 4 BSI 08-1999 7 Nomenclature 7.1 Vertical lathe with a single columnBS4656-22:1988 BSI 08-1999 5 7.2 Vertical lathe with two columnsBS4656-22:1988 6 BSI 08-1999 8 Acceptance conditions and permissible deviations 8.1 Geometrical tests No. Diagram Object G0 A Table Levelling G1 Verification of
49、 flatness of the table surfaceBS4656-22:1988 BSI 08-1999 7 Permissible deviation Measuring instruments Observations and references to the ISO230-1 testcode mm in 0,06/1000 0.0025/40 Straightedge and precision level Clause3.11 NOTEFor table dimensions greater than1000mm(40in) the number of positions for the level is to be agreed between the manufacturer and user. a) Alternative b) Clause 5.322 Clause 5.323 Alternative test 0,03 0.0012 (Checking with the aid of level) for any measuring diameter up to 1) Circular checki
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