1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 4834:1990 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Specification for Inset open fires without convection with or without boilers, burning solid mineral fuelsBS4834:1990 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the the Solid MineralFuels Standards PolicyCommittee, wa
2、s publishedunder the authorityofthe Board of BSIandcomes into effect on 31 August 1990 BSI 10-1999 First published August 1972 Second edition August 1990 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference RHE/28 (formerly SFC/9) Draft for comment 87/52906 DC ISBN 0
3、 580 17883 8 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Solid Mineral Fuels Standards Policy Committee (SFC/-) to Technical Committee SFC/9, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of British Solid Fuel Applian
4、ces Manufacturers British Ceramic Tile Council British Coal Corporation Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Department of Energy (Energy Efficiency Office) Department of the Environment Domestic Solid Fuel Appliances Approval Scheme Incorporated Association of Architects and Surveyors Institute of Buil
5、ding Control Low Temperature Coal Distillers Association of Great Britain Ltd. METCOM National Fireplace Council Manufacturers Association National Society for Clean Air Solid Fuel Advisory Service Solid Smokeless Fuels Federation Waterheater Manufacturers Association Wood and Solid Fuel Association
6、 of Retailers and Manufacturers Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments 6729 September 1991 Indicated by a sideline in the marginBS4834:1990 BSI 10-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword iii Section 1. General 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Definitions 1 1.3 Clas
7、sification 1 Section 2. Construction 2.1 General 2 2.2 Minimum dimensions for category b) appliances 2 2.3 Firefront 2 2.4 Bottomgrate 2 2.5 Air control 4 2.6 Ashpan 4 2.7 Ashpit and ashpit cover 4 2.8 Front firebars and fallplate 4 2.9 Deepening bar 5 2.10 Deepening plate 5 2.11 Gas ignition burner
8、 5 2.12 Boiler 5 2.13 Boiler flue 5 2.14 Tools 6 Section 3. Electrical requirements 3.1 General 9 Section 4. Performance requirements 4.1 Thermal performance requirements 10 4.2 Banking performance requirements 10 4.3 Condition of appliance after test 10 Section 5. Instructions and marking 5.1 Instr
9、uction 11 5.2 Marking 11 Appendix A Test methods and conditions 13 Appendix B Test fuels 23 Figure 1 Typical inset open fire 3 Figure 2 Boiler flue mouth entry 6 Figure 3 Example of a suitable aeration device for a natural gas burner 7 Figure 4 Gas connection elbows 8 Figure 5 Test setting 14 Figure
10、 6 Hood for test chimney 16 Figure 7 Typical gather for 400 mm open fire with back boiler 18 Figure 8 Typical constant water flow apparatus 19 Figure 9 Datum level for various types of open fire 20 Table 1 Materials for construction of appliance components 2 Table 2 Minimum dimensional requirements
11、for category b) appliances 2 Table 3 Minimum ashpan capacity 4 Table 4 Relationship between gas ports and air ports 5 Table 5 Performance requirements for category a) appliances burning test fuel A or B 11BS4834:1990 ii BSI 10-1999 Page Table 6 Performances requirements for category b) appliances bu
12、rning test fuel A or B 12 Table 7 Performance requirements for category b) appliances burning test fuel C and designated as suitable for burning bituminous coal at enhanced efficiency 12 Table 8 Target burning rates 21 Table 9 Nominal calorific values for test fuels 22 Publications referred to Insid
13、e back coverBS4834:1990 BSI 10-1999 iii Foreword This first revision of this British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Solid Mineral Fuels Standards Policy Committee and supersedes BS4834:1972 which is withdrawn. This standard is now the responsibility of Technical Committee RHE/
14、28 which was formerly SFC/9. The main technical changes from the previous edition are as follows: a) restriction to solid mineral fuels; b) inclusion of high output boiler appliances with rectangular bottomgrates, and additional requirements for units designated suitable to burn bituminous coal at e
15、nhanced efficiency; c) extension of nominal widths to500mm; d) change of test fuel and modification of test procedure for appliances with underfloor air supply; e) reduction of the boiler damper opening under the high boiler output (HBO) test condition; f) inclusion of requirements for materials for
16、 general construction; g) change in ashpan requirements; h) change of requirements for front firebars; i) provision of a gas ignition burner changed from an obligatory to an optional requirement; j) introduction of a boiler cleaning procedure between tests when burning coal; k) inclusion of requirem
17、ents for ashpan ash collection; l) more stringent requirements for thermal performance. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of
18、itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages1to24, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be i
19、ndicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.iv blankBS4834:1990 BSI 10-1999 1 Section 1. General 1.1 Scope This British Standard specifies constructional, dimensional and performance requirements for inset open fires designed to burn solid mineral fuels (i.e.bituminous coal, Welsh dry
20、steam coal, anthracite or manufactured fuels derived from these coals). It does not apply to inset open fires designed to give space heating by convection (seeBS3376). This standard covers appliances of nominal widths350mm, 400mm, 450mm and500mm, designed for use either with fireplace components com
21、plying with BS1251and installed in accordance with BS8303, or with special fireplace components or boilers supplied with the appliance. The essential components of appliances covered by this standard are the firefront, bottomgrate, ashpit cover, ashpan and means of primary air control. Specified opt
22、ional features comprise a deepening bar, deepening plate, front firebars, undergrate gas igniter and boiler. Appliances are designated as either intermittent or overnight. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 1.2 Definitions For the pur
23、poses of this British Standard, the definitions given in BS1846-1, BS6100-1.5.1and BS3323 apply together with the following. 1.2.1 effective grate area the area, Y, in the plane of the bottomgrate, enclosed by the back and sides of the firebox and by the firefront, when the appliance is installed in
24、 accordance with the manufacturers instructions (seeA.13) 1.2.2 ash-shedding area the area, Z, within the frame of the bottomgrate that comprises the projected area of the firebars and the spaces between the firebars 1.2.3 rectangular bottomgrate a bottomgrate, the sides of which form a rectangle 1.
25、2.4 tapered bottomgrate a bottomgrate, the sides of which form a trapezium 1.2.5 firefront the structure that forms the front of the appliance and which may also be decorative 1.2.6 target burning rate a designated rate of fuel consumption (on a dry basis), depending on the nominal width and categor
26、y of the appliance, under specified test conditions (seeTable 8) 1.2.7 normal output boiler a boiler designed to give a water heating output level of at least2.3kW but less than3.5kW at the target burning rate 1.2.8 high output boiler a boiler designed to give a water heating output level of at leas
27、t3.5kW at the target burning rate 1.3 Classification For the purposes of this standard appliances are categorized as follows: a) appliances with tapered bottomgrate seeFigure 1(a): 1) without a boiler; 2) with a boiler designed for normal output; 3) with a boiler designed for high output. This categ
28、ory also covers those appliances with rectangular bottomgrate which do not comply with the dimensional requirements given in Table 2 and Table 3. b) appliances of minimum nominal width400mm, with rectangular bottomgrate seeFigure 1(b) with a boiler designed for high output. This category includes th
29、ose appliances designated as capable of burning bituminous coal at enhanced efficiency. This category excludes intermittent appliances.BS4834:1990 2 BSI 10-1999 Section 2. Construction 2.1 General The components of the appliance shall be made from materials indicated in Table 1. Component parts whic
30、h require periodic replacement shall be either designed or marked to ensure correct fitting. (seesection5). NOTESuch parts should be easily replaceable. 2.2 Minimum dimensions for categoryb) appliances Category b) appliances shall comply with the minimum dimensional requirements given in Table 2, de
31、termined in accordance with A.12 andA.13. NOTEThose appliances which do not comply withTable 2 are considered to be category a)3) appliances (see1.3). Table 1 Materials for construction of appliance components Table 2 Minimum dimensional requirements for category b) appliances 2.3 Firefront Means sh
32、all be provided for rigidly fixing the firefront either to the back-hearth or to the boiler. The width of that part of the firefront designed to fit within the tiled surround (dimension D inFigure 1) shall be the nominal width of the appliance +0, 3mm. 2.4 Bottomgrate 2.4.1 General The bottomgrate s
33、hall be designed to fit either a fireback complying with BS1251or a purpose-made fireback or boiler. It shall be capable of being removed and shall be either designed or marked to ensure correct fitting. The bottomgrate shall consist of a series of firebars and the width of the space between the bar
34、s shall be132mm wide. NOTEIt is recommended that the bottomgrate be supported in such a way as to offer a minimum of obstruction to the removal of ash. 2.4.2 Appliances without underfloor air supply If the appliance is supplied with its own fireback or boiler, assemble it in accordance with the manu
35、facturers instructions. Otherwise assemble and install it in a model fireback (e.g.constructed of wood) complying with the mean dimensions specified in BS12511mm. NOTEIf adjustable, the bottomgrate may be trimmed to the most appropriate dimensions, in accordance with the manufacturers instructions.
36、When assembled, the appliance shall comply with the following. a) The side-to-side movement of the bottomgrate within its support shall not exceed5mm. b) It shall not be possible to pass a20+0, 1mm diameter sphere from above the bottomgrate into the ashpit at any point other than a corner. c) It sha
37、ll not be possible to pass a30+0, 1mm diameter sphere from above the bottomgrate into the ashpit at a corner. d) There shall be a clearance of not less than6mm in the plane of the bottomgrate surface at all points between the bottomgrate and adjacent components. Component Cast iron Low carbon steel
38、Other Main body Stainless steel Ashpit cover Cast aluminium Bottomgrate Chrome iron Front firebars a Chrome iron Ashpan Stainless steel Deepening bar a Chrome iron Deepening plate a Chrome iron Boiler a As specified in BS 3377 NOTE 1Decorative parts of the firefront should be made from any material
39、that does not distort or visibly deterioriate during the performance tests described in Appendix A. Such parts should be capable of being easily cleaned. a If fitted. Nominal width, mm 400 450 500 Firebox capacity, dm 3 16 19 22 Effective grate area, Y, dm 2 7.4 8.7 10.2BS4834:1990 BSI 10-1999 3 Fig
40、ure 1 Typical inset open fireBS4834:1990 4 BSI 10-1999 Table 3 Minimum ashpan capacity 2.4.3 Appliances with underfloor air supply When assembled as described in2.4.2, the appliance shall comply with the following. a) It shall not be possible to pass a20+0, 1mm diameter sphere from above the bottomg
41、rate into the ashpit at any point other than a corner. b) It shall not be possible to pass a30+0, 1mm diameter sphere from above the bottomgrate into the ashpit at a corner. c) There shall be a clearance of not less than3mm in the plane of the bottomgrate surface at all points between the bottomgrat
42、e and adjacent components. 2.5 Air control The appliance shall be designed so that, when it is installed according to the manufacturers instructions, the primary air shall enter the ashpit only through the designated air inlet(s). If, for an overnight burning appliance, the hearth forms the base of
43、the ashpit, a means of sealing the firefront to the hearth and either the fireback or boiler shall be provided and be detailed in the manufacturers instructions. The air control shall be capable of maintaining any position in which it is intended to be set. It shall be capable of adjustment to at le
44、ast three intermediate positions between the fully closed and fully open positions. Two of these positions shall be between the fully closed position and30% of the fully open position, measured in terms of the area of the primary air opening. NOTE 1It is recommended that a further means of fine air
45、control in the nearly closed position be provided. NOTE 2The design of the fire should be such that spillage of fuel or ash should not prevent complete closure of the air control. 2.6 Ashpan An ashpan shall be provided, constructed of low carbon steel or stainless steel (seeTable 1) of minimum thick
46、ness0.91mm. The minimum ashpan capacity shall be not less than the value given inTable 3. The capacity shall be determined geometrically. If the ashpan is open at the rear, an angle of repose for the ash of45 shall be assumed at the rear end. The ashpan shall be so designed that the ash collection a
47、rea, X, shall be not less than the ash-shedding area, Z, when calculated in accordance withA.13. NOTEThe ashpan should be designed and constructed to ensure the following: a) that it locates in the ashpit in such a way that it allows the free passage of primary air and does not obstruct any primary
48、air control; b) that it can be easily and safely withdrawn, carried and emptied, when hot using the tool(s) provided, without undue spillage of ash; c) that it does not distort in normal use to an extent that makes it unsuitable for its purpose. 2.7 Ashpit and ashpit cover The height from the bottom
49、 of the inside of the ashpan to the underside of the bottomgrate bars shall be not less than75mm at any point. NOTEThe design of the ashpit cover should be such that: a) its closure is not easily prevented by spilled undergrate material; b) it is difficult to accidentally dislodge from the set position; c) when hot, it can be handled easily and safely with the tool(s) provided. 2.8 Front firebars and fallplate 2.8.1 General If front firebars are fitted they shall comply with2.8.3. If a fa
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