1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS 5502 : Part 49 : 1990
2、Implementing Amendment No. 1, not published separately ICS 65.040.10 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Buildings and structures for agriculture Part 49. Code of practice for design and construction of milking premisesThis British Standard, having been prepared un
3、der the direction of the Farm and Horticultural Buildings Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 31 December 1990 BSI 1998 First published, as BS 5502 : Sections 2.2 and 2.5, 1981 Second edition, as BS 5502 : Part 49, 31 December 19
4、90 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference FHB/1 Draft for comment 88/15103 DC ISBN 0 580 18947 3 BS 5502 : Part 49 : 1990 Issue 2, June 1998 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date T ext affected 10044 June 1998 Indicated by a sideline Committ
5、ees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Farm and Horticultural Buildings Standards Policy Committee (FHB/-) to T echnical Committee FHB/1, upon which the following bodies were represented: AFRC Institute of Engineering Research Aggregat
6、e Concrete Block Association Brick Development Association British Cement Association British Commercial Glasshouse Manufacturers Association British Constructional Steelwork Association Ltd. British Poultry Federation Limited British Precast Concrete Federation Ltd. British V eterinary Association
7、British Wood Preserving Association British Woodworking Federation Cold Rolled Sections Association Department of Agriculture and Fisheries for Scotland Department of Agriculture Northern Ireland Electricity Supply Industry in England and Wales Farm and Rural Buildings Centre Farm Buildings Associat
8、ion Fibre Cement Manufacturers Association Limited Health and Safety Executive Institution of Civil Engineers Local Authority Organizations Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food National Farmers Union Royal Institute of British Architects Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors Steel Construc
9、tion Institute Timber Research and Development AssociationIssue 2, June 1998 BS 5502 : Part 49 : 1990 BSI 1998 1 | Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword 2 Code of practice 1 Scope 3 2 Definitions 3 3 General 3 4 Design and construction 4 5 Environment 4a 6 Dimensions and s
10、pace 4a 7 Services 5 8 Ancillary facilities 5 9 Fire precautions 6 10 Warning and safety signs 6 11 Exclusion of vermin 6 Table 1 Recommended dimensions for milking parlours 4a Index 72 BSI 1998 BS 5502 : Part 49 : 1990 Issue 2, June 1998 | | | | Foreword This Part of BS 5502 has been prepared under
11、 the direction of the Farm and Horticultural Buildings Standards Policy Committee. This Part together with BS 5502 : Parts 40, 41, 42 and 43 is a revision of BS 5502 : Section 2.2 and Section 2.5 which are withdrawn. While BS 5502 is being revised and added to, the opportunity is being taken to rest
12、ructure the standard into the following broad subject areas: Part 0 Introduction and consolidated index Parts 10 to 19 Reference information and legislation Parts 20 to 39 General design Parts 40 to 59 Livestock buildings Parts 60 to 79 Crop buildings Parts 80 to 99 Ancillary buildings More specific
13、ally, the livestock building series will comprise: Part 40 Code of practice for design and construction of cattle buildings Part 41 Code of practice for design and construction of sheep buildings and pens Part 42 Code of practice for design and construction of pig buildings Part 43 Code of practice
14、for design and construction of poultry buildings Part 49 Code of practice for design and construction of milking premises Part 50 Code of practice for design, construction and use of storage tanks and reception pits for livestock slurry Part 51 Code of practice for design and construction of slatted
15、, perforated and mesh floors for livestock Part 52 Code of practice for design of alarm systems, emergency ventilation and smoke ventilation for livestock housing A more detailed description of the new structure of BS 5502 is given in Part 0. The object of introducing the new structure is to allow s
16、ubject areas to be broadly characterized, and related subject matter , whether in the form of recommendations, guidance or supporting data, to be rationalized and brought together . It will also allow sufficient flexibility to enable BS 5502 to be expanded and developed in a logical way in the futur
17、e. It has been assumed in the drafting of this Part of BS 5502 that the execution of its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people, for whose guidance it has been prepared. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. User
18、s of British Standards are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. BSI 1998 3 Issue 2, June 1998 BS 5502 : Part 49 : 1990 Code of practice | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 Scope This Part of BS 5502
19、 gives recommendations for the design and construction of milking premises, including milking parlours, milk rooms and their associated facilities. The recommendations are not applicable to buildings used for the housing of dairy cattle, nor for the processing of milk (see BS 5502 : Part 40) or to c
20、ow sheds. NOTE.1. For further information on milking machine installations reference should be made to BS 5545. NOTE.2. The titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the definitions given in BS 6100 a
21、pply. NOTE. Work has commenced on a further Part of BS 5502 (Part 10) which will be a glossary of terms for buildings and structures for agriculture. 3 General 3.1 Milking systems 3.1.1 There are two basic milking systems. The most common method is to bring the cows for milking to a milking parlour,
22、 usually twice a day. The alternative system is to milk the cows where they are housed. 3.1.2 A milk room is required on all registered dairy farms and the milk should be transferred to this room as soon as possible after milking. A milk room is usually needed to provide a suitable place for filteri
23、ng, cooling and storing milk. 3.2 Regulations 3.2.1 New regulations In June 1992 the EC adopted Directive 92/46. which lays down the health rules for the production and placing on the market of milk and milk-based products. In the UK the Directive has been implemented in new national hygiene regulat
24、ions as follows: The Dairy Products (Hygiene) (Amendment) Regulations 1996; The Dairy Products (Hygiene) (Amendment) (Scotland) Regulations 1996; The Dairy Products (Hygiene) (Amendment) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1996. These regulations replace most of the previous milk and dairies hygiene legi
25、slation that applied to the production of cows milk in the UK. The regulations apply to milk, intended for human consumption, from cows, goats, sheep and buffaloes. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3.2.2 Registration and licensing Al
26、l milking premises where milk is produced are referred to as production holdings. In England and Wales production holdings should be registered with the Farming and Rural Conservation Agency. In Scotland they should be licensed by the Local Authorities and in Northern Ireland they should be licensed
27、 by the Department of Agriculture. 3.2.3 Conditions for registration and licensing of production holdings 3.2.3.1 General conditions The regulations require the following general conditions. a) Animals of all species shall be kept away from premises and sites where milk is sorted, handled or cooled
28、(and where milking equipment is cleaned or stored). b) Pigs and poultry shall not be housed in premises where milk-producing animals are housed or milked. c) Access to the premises in which milk-producing animals are housed or milked or any premises on the production holding in which milk is handled
29、, cooled or stored shall be kept free from accumulation of dung, droppings or other offensive matter. Dung channels and droppings on the production holding shall be cleared regularly as necessary. d) Adequate measures shall be taken to control insects, rodents and other vermin on the production hold
30、ing. 3.2.3.2 Conditions for the structure of the premises and feedingstuffs The regulations, additionally, set out the following conditions relating to the design and construction of the milking premises. a) Premises in which animals are milked or in which raw milk is handled, cooled or stored shall
31、: 1) be designed, sited, constructed, maintained and managed in such a way as to ensure satisfactory hygiene conditions for milking operations and for handling, cooling and sorting of milk and shall provide adequate separation from all sources of contamination, including lavatories and dung heaps; 2
32、) have walls and flooring in areas liable to soiling or infection and fittings and equipment which are easy to clean and disinfect; 3) have suitable means of waste disposal, including flooring which allows liquids to drain away;4 BSI 1998 BS 5502 : Part 49 : 1990 Issue 2, June 1998 1) Published by t
33、he Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF), the Department of Agriculture and Fisheries for Scotland and the Department of Agriculture for Northern Ireland. 2) In preparation. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 4) have adequate ventilation and lighting; 5) have a sufficient supply
34、of potable water for use in milking operations, and for cleaning of equipment and utensils intended to come into contact with milk; 6) have suitable facilities near the place of milking to enable milkers and persons handling milk to wash their hands and arms; 7) in the case of production holdings wh
35、ere milk-producing animals are kept untethered in the open, have a milking parlour, or a milking area for the milking of animals which is adequately separated from any housing area; 8) in the case of milk storage premises, have suitable refrigeration equipment, adequately protected against vermin an
36、d adequately separated from any premises where animals are housed or milked. b) Feedingstuffs shall not be stored on production holdings where they can have an adverse effect on milk. 3.3 Animal welfare considerations Attention is drawn to the provisions of the current edition of Codes of recommenda
37、tions for the welfare of livestock Cattle 1) . 4 Design and construction 4.1 Siting and access 4.1.1 Milking parlours should have good access to cow collection and dispersal facilities. The entrance to and exit from the milking stall should be such that only one cow at a time can pass through. Any a
38、brupt turns in cow movement should be avoided. Milking parlours should be sited so that there is minimal risk of contamination to milk, and cows and waste products should be prevented from entering the milk room. 4.1.2 A milk room should be a part of the milking premises, to avoid transfer of milk o
39、ver long distances. It should not occupy a site where a risk of contamination exists or could develop, e.g. close to a manure store or silage clamp. It is also important that there be no direct communication with any place in which animals are housed or from which contamination is likely to arise, i
40、ncluding rooms containing any sanitary appliance for foul effluent, e.g. water closets. | | | 4.1.3 Paved aprons, capable of being effectively cleansed and with adequate falls draining to suitable disposal facilities, should be provided at all approaches to the milking parlour and an adequate paved
41、area for fully laden milk collection vehicles should be provided for milk rooms. 4.2 General design 4.2.1 The building should be designed and constructed in accordance with the general principles and recommendations given in BS 5502 : Parts 20, 21, 22, 23 and 25 2) . 4.2.2 Consideration should be gi
42、ven to thermal insulation to improve operator comfort and minimize the freezing of equipment. 4.2.3 Considerations should be given to the exterior roof colouring of all livestock buildings, bearing in mind that light colours have solar reflective advantages over dark colours. 4.3 Milking parlours 4.
43、3.1 General Milking parlours should be equipped with adequate stalls in which the cow can be restrained during milking. They may also be equipped with facilities for feeding of concentrates. Provision should be made for the installation of some of the milk extraction equipment, vacuum pipelines, mil
44、k pipelines, recording jars, receiver vessels, etc. in the milking parlour (see BS 5545). 4.3.2 Floors Floors should be impervious and capable of carrying all imposed loading, e.g. live loads, milking stalls, platforms, etc. They should be laid with adequate falls and with drainage to gullies outsid
45、e the building connected to a suitable drainage and disposal system. Where this is impracticable, trapped gullies may be positioned within the building. The floor finish should be resistant to slip and chemicals, be capable of being effectively cleansed and be hard wearing. 4.3.3 Walls, roofs and ce
46、ilings All internal surfaces should be reasonably smooth. The internal surfaces of walls should be capable of withstanding power washing. Walls should be constructed to resist damage from cows, or have protective rails or barriers to prevent damage. Walls to which equipment is fixed should be design
47、ed to carry the imposed loads without deformation. Ceilings should be smooth, easily cleaned and dust proof.4a BSI 1998 BS 5502 : Part 49 : 1990 Issue 1, June 1998 Table 1. Recommended dimensions for milking parlours Design of milking stalls Minimum width of operators area Average depth of operators
48、 area below cow standing Clear minimum headroom over cow standing Minimum ceiling height mmmm Abreast n/a 0.4 step or level 1.7 2.0 Tandem 1.8 0.75 to 1.0 1.7 2.0 Herringbone 1.2 0.75 to 1.0 1.7 2.0 Rotary n/a 0.75 to 1.0 1.7 2.0 NOTE. Interpolation is not permitted. | | 4.4 Milk rooms 4.4.1 Floors
49、The design should provide for the loads imposed by the bulk milk tank and other fittings. Details of point loads and distributed loads should be obtained from the manufacturers of the equipment. Floor surfaces should be capable of being effectively cleansed, be slip and wear resistant, be resistant to attack by dairy chemicals and have falls towards an external trapped drainage gulley. Where practicable the joint between walls and floors should be formed with an integral coved skirting to assist cleaning. 4.4.2 Walls, roofs and ceilings All internal surfaces should be capa
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