BS 5906-2005 Waste management in buildings - Code of practice《建筑物内废弃物管理 实施规则》.pdf

1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58ICS 13.030.40Waste management in buildings Code of practiceBRITISH STANDARDBS 5906:2005BS 5906:2005

2、This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 December 2005 BSI 30 December 2005First published as CP 306-1First published as BS 5906: April 1980First revision: December 2005The following BSI references relate to the work on this British

3、 Standard:Committee reference B/508/1Draft for comment 04/30050096 DCISBN 0 580 47676 6BRE Building Research EstablishmentBritish Plastics FederationCIWM Chartered Institution of Wastes ManagementContainer Handling Equipment ManufacturersEnvironmental Services AssociationGalvanizers AssociationODPM

4、Represented by WRcPublic Authority Transport NetworkFreight Transport AssociationSociety of Motor Manufacturers and Traders LimitedAmendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsCommittees responsible for this British StandardThe preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Subcom

5、mittee, B/508/1, Waste containers and associated lifting devices on refuse collection vehicles, upon which the following bodies were represented:Association of Refuse Vehicles ManufacturersBS 5906:2005 BSI 30 December 2005ContentsPageCommittees responsible Inside front coverForeword ii1Scope 12 Norm

6、ative references 13 Terms and definitions 24 General principles of the design of facilities 55 Older persons and persons with disabilities 146 Systems of waste storage, handling, on-site treatment and collection 157 Choice of method of storage and collection of waste in various types of building 168

7、 Waste storage chambers 199 Storage for bulky articles 2110 Roads and approaches to buildings 2111 Collection of containers 2212 Hygiene 22Annex A (informative) On site treatment systems 23Bibliography 25Figure 1 Hierarchy of waste management options 7Figure 2 Lifting and lowering weight guidelines

8、9Figure 3 Turning circles 21Table 1 Typical weekly waste arisings and subsequent storage requirements 11Table 2 Identification of containers 12Table 3 Maximum output in kilowatts of various waste fire scenarios 12Table 4 Non-residential waste arisings per annum 13Table 5 HSAC categories of clinical

9、waste 19iBS 5906:2005iiBS 5906:1980, which is withdrawn.In preparing this revision, the opportunity has been taken to add new clauses based upon information that is now available on non-residential buildings, and to revise the clauses dealing with residential buildings. The types of healthcare waste

10、 dealt with in this standard are those that are similar to household and non-residential waste. Due to statutory targets for recycling and legislation covering provision within buildings for disabled persons, reference to these important issues have been incorporated into the appropriate clauses.The

11、 material with which the standard is concerned is now designated “waste” rather than “refuse”. This terminology has been adopted so as to agree with that of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 1.As a result of experience gained, the requirements of convenience, hygiene, amenity, sound insulation a

12、nd safety from fire risk, which are accepted as common practice, are incorporated in the methods described in this code.As a code of practice, this British Standard takes the form of guidance and recommendations. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification and particular care should be tak

13、en to ensure that claims of compliance are not misleading.It is assumed that in the drafting of this British Standard that the execution of its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and competent people.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contr

14、act. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.Attention is drawn to the following statutory regulations: Controlled Waste Regulations 1992 2; Packaging (Essential Requirements) Regulations 2003 3; M

15、anual Handling Regulations 1992 4; Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (England and Wales) Regulations 2000 5; Road Vehicles (Construction and Use) Regulations 1986 6; Environmental Protection Act 1990 1; Control of Pollution (Amendment) Act 1989 7; Disability Discrimination Act 1995 8.Summa

16、ry of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to ii, pages 1 to 26, an inside back cover and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.ForewordThis British Standard has been prepared by Subcommittee

17、 B/508 and supersedes BSI 30 December 2005BS 5906:20051 ScopeThis British Standard is a code of practice for methods of storage, collection, segregation for recycling and recovery, and on-site treatment of waste from residential and non-residential buildings and healthcare establishments. This Briti

18、sh Standard is applicable to new buildings, refurbishments and conversions of residential and non-residential buildings, including but not limited to retail and offices. It should not be used as the only source of information.The management of healthcare waste from hospitals and waste oil from any e

19、stablishment are not included within the remit of this code of practice.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced

20、document (including any amendments) applies.BS 476-21, Fire tests on building materials and structures Part 21: Methods for determination of the fire resistance of loadbearing elements of construction.BS 476-22, Fire tests on building materials and structures Part 22: Methods for determination of th

21、e fire resistance of non-loadbearing elements of construction.BS 792, Specification for mild steel dustbins.BS 1703, Specification for refuse chutes and hoppers.BS 4998, Specification for moulded thermoplastics dustbins (excluding lids).BS 6642, Specification for disposable plastics refuse sacks mad

22、e from polyethylene.BS 8300:2001, Design of buildings and their approaches to meet the needs of disabled people Code of practice.BS EN 840-1, Mobile waste containers Part 1: Containers with two wheels with a capacity from 80 l to 390 l for comb lifting devices Dimensions and design.BS EN 840-2, Mobi

23、le waste containers Part 2: Containers with four wheels with a capacity from 500 l to 1 200 l with flat lid(s), for trunnion and/or comb lifting devices Dimensions and design.BS EN 840-3, Mobile waste containers Part 3: Containers with four wheels with a capacity from 770 l to 1300 l with dome lid(s

24、), for trunnion and/or comb lifting devices Dimensions and design.BS EN 840-4, Mobile waste containers Part 4: Containers with four wheels with a capacity from 750 l to 1 700 l with flat lid(s), for wide trunnion or BG- and/or wide comb lifting devices Dimensions and design.BS EN 840-5, Mobile waste

25、 containers Part 5: Performance requirements and test methods.BS EN 840-6, Mobile waste containers Part 6: Safety and health requirements.BS EN 12574-1, Stationary waste containers Part 1: Containers with a capacity from 1 700 l to 5 000 l with flat or dome lid(s), for trunnion, double trunnion or p

26、ocket lifting devices Dimensions and design.BS EN 12574-2, Stationary waste containers Part 2: Performance requirements and test methods.BS EN 12574-3, Stationary waste containers Part 3: Safety and health requirements.BS EN 13071, Selective waste collection containers Above-ground mechanically-lift

27、ed containers with capacity from 80 l to 5 000 l for selective collection of waste.BS EN 60529:1992, Specification for degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code). BSI 30 December 20051BS 5906:20053 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this British Standard, the following terms and de

28、finitions apply.3.1 balerdevice that compresses waste into a chamber to form bales, which are then retained in compression by a tying material prior to ejection3.2 biodegradable wastewaste that is capable of undergoing anaerobic or aerobic decompositionNOTE Examples include garden and kitchen waste

29、(including fruit and vegetables peelings, meat scraps, bone, paper and dairy products).3.3 bulky wastesingle household items of such size and weight that cannot be accommodated in an individual waste containerNOTE The definition for an individual waste container is given in 3.11.4.3.4 chuteventilate

30、d, essentially vertical pipe passing from floor to floor of a building with openings as required to connect with hoppers, and normally terminating at its lower end at the roof of the waste storage chamberNOTE See BS 1703.3.5 Compactors3.5.1 portable compactor re-usable metal container having a minim

31、um volume of approximately 50 l and incorporating a permanently in-built compactor3.5.2 portable compactor re-usable metal container having a minimum volume of approximately 10 m3and incorporating a permanently in-built compactor3.5.3 sack/carton packersmall device for compacting lightweight dry was

32、te into plastic or paper sacks3.5.4 static compactorpermanent or semi-permanent installation comprising of a compactor with receiving chamber and a facility for attaching a removable compacted-waste container (see 3.11.3)NOTE The compactor might be fed by hand, hopper or mechanically by means of a b

33、in lift.3.6 compostingbiodegradable waste aerobically processed to form a stable, granular material containing organic matter and plant nutrientsNOTE It results in a final product that has been sanitized and stabilized, is high in humic substances and can be beneficially applied to land, to improve

34、the soil structure, enrich the nutrient content of soil and enhance biological activity.2 BSI 30 December 2005BS 5906:20053.7 crusherdevice, normally stationary but can be portable, that reduces the volume of brittle waste by breaking it into smaller piecesNOTE In a hospitality application, includin

35、g pubs, clubs and hotels, it would normally be used for crushing glass bottles.3.8 food waste disposermethod of direct disposal of biodegradable kitchen waste, used in household and non-residential establishments, powered by electrical motors, where food waste is fed into them by a stream of water a

36、nd reduced to a pulp3.9 hopperfitting into which waste is placed and from it passes into a chute, waste processor or waste containerNOTE See BS 1703.3.10 shredderdevice used for volume reduction of waste by cutting or flailingNOTE The final particle size can be up to 150 mm depending on the material

37、 being shredded and the design of the machine.3.11 Waste containers3.11.1 bulk waste containermovable container for the storage of large volumes of uncompacted waste awaiting collectionNOTE Examples of bulk waste containers are skip type containers, which have a capacity range of approximately 1.5 m

38、3to 20 m3, and hook type containers with a capacity range of approximately 6 m3to 30 m3.3.11.2 communal waste containermovable wheeled container having a capacity of 500 l to 1 300 l, normally situated within a waste storage chamber into which waste is placed by hand or via a chuteNOTE The container

39、 may be of plastic, painted steel or galvanized steel. It may be fitted with a flat, hinged or curved, sliding lid and suitable handles for manoeuvring by hand. Four-wheeled containers should have foot-operated brakes fitted to at least two wheels see BS EN 840 (all parts).3.11.3 compacted waste con

40、tainerclosed, strengthened interchangeable container into which waste is packed under compression by means of a static compactor. The container is provided with suitable brackets for pinning to the compactor and is designed for handling and transportation by specially equipped vehiclesNOTE The conta

41、iners normally have a capacity of between 10 m3to 30 m3.3.11.4 individual waste containercontainer having a capacity of not more than 360 l in which waste is stored awaiting collectionNOTE The container may be a disposable paper or plastic sack, a galvanized steel or plastic dustbin with a loose or

42、captive lid or a plastic wheeled bin with a hinged lid see BS 792, BS 4998 and BS EN 840 (all parts).3.11.5 kerbside recycling boxbox, usually of plastic, having a capacity of up to 55 l into which recyclable materials are stored, awaiting collection. The box is provided with handles and is sized to

43、 ensure safe manual handlingNOTE The box might have a lid and one or more internal dividers (see 4.5.3). BSI 30 December 20053BS 5906:20053.11.6 underground waste containerclosed container having a capacity of not more than 7 m3, situated in a specially constructed pit such that the top of the conta

44、iner is level with the surrounding paved area. The container top incorporates a “litter bin” or other appropriate type of chute, and a trap door to provide access to the lifting mechanism3.12 Waste storage3.12.1 waste storage areaplace for storing waste3.12.2 waste storage chamberannex to a building

45、, or a separate building, designed to accommodate one or more communal waste containers and bulky wasteNOTE The chamber might contain equipment such as a compactor, baler, crusher or shredder for on-site treatment of waste prior to collection. For the purpose of this standard, on-site treatment is l

46、imited to manual segregation, compacting, baling, crushing or shredding.3.13 Waste3.13.1 wastesubstance which constitutes a scrap material or effluent or other unwanted surplus substance arising from the application of any process and any substance or article which requires to be disposed of as bein

47、g broken, worn out, contaminated or otherwise spoiled, as defined in the Environmental Protection Act 1990 1. NOTE 1 It does not include a substance that is an explosive under the Explosives Act 1875 9.NOTE 2 Anything that is discarded or otherwise dealt with as if it were waste is presumed to be wa

48、ste unless the contrary is proved.3.13.2 clinical wasteany waste which consists wholly or partly of human and animal tissue, blood or other bodily fluids, excretions, drugs and other pharmaceutical products, swabs or dressings, or syringes, needles or other sharp instruments, being waste which unles

49、s rendered safe may prove hazardous to any person coming into contact with it; and any other waste arising from medical, nursing, dental, veterinary, pharmaceutical or similar practice, investigation, treatment, care, teaching or research, or the collection of blood for transfusion, being waste which may cause infection to any person coming into contact with itControlled Waste Regulations 1992 23.13.3 controlled wastehousehold, industrial and commerci