1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 6043-2.1: 1985 ISO 6375:1980 Methods of sampling and test for Carbonaceous materials used in aluminium manufacture Part 2: Electrode coke Section 2.1 Sampling ISO title: Carbonaceous materials for the production of aluminium Cokes for electrodes Sampling UDC 665.777.43.669.713.7:
2、620.113BS6043-2.1:1985 This British Standard, having been prepared under thedirectionof the ChemicalsStandards Committee,waspublished underthe authorityof theBoardof BSI and comesintoeffect on 31 July1985 BSI 10-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee referen
3、ce CIC/24 Draft for comment 79/50015 DC ISBN 0 580 14467 4 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Chemicals Standards Committee (CIC/-) to Technical Committee CIC/24 upon which the following bodies were represented: Aluminium Fe
4、deration British Ceramic Research Association Chemical Industries Association The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: British Tar Industry Association Institute of Petroleum Standardization of Tar Products Tests Committee Amendmen
5、ts issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS6043-2.1:1985 BSI 10-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii 1 Scope and field of application 1 2 References 1 3 Practical considerations 1 4 Definitions of samples 1 5 Number and size of increme
6、nts 2 6 Sampling of consignments or loads 3 7 Treatment of samples 4 8 Sampling report 5 Figure 1 Number of increments to be taken as a function of the mass to be sampled 2 Figure 2 Preparation of partial and representative samples 3 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS6043-2.1:1985 ii BSI 1
7、0-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Chemicals Standards Committee to provide methods of sampling and test for carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium. The standard will be published in two Parts, each Part being divided into
8、Sections. The two Parts are: Part 1: Electrode pitch; Part 2: Electrode coke. Initially, it is proposed that Part 2 will comprise the following Sections, applicable to green and/or calcined coke as indicated: Other international methods of test for electrode coke are under consideration and, subject
9、 to approval by the United Kingdom, will be published as they become available. This Section is identical with ISO 6375:1980 “Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium Cokes for electrodes Sampling”, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Terminology
10、and conventions. The text of the International Standard has been approved as suitable for publication as a British Standard without deviation. Some terminology and certain conventions are not identical with those used in British Standards; attention is drawn especially to the following. The comma ha
11、s been used as a decimal marker. In British Standards it is current practice to use a full point on the baseline as the decimal marker. Wherever the words “International Standard” appear, referring to this standard, they should be read as “British Standard”. Cross-references. The Technical Committee
12、 has reviewed the provisions of ISO1988:1975, ISO 2309:1980 and ISO 6206:1979, to which reference is made in the text, and has decided that they are acceptable for use in conjunction with this standard. A related British Standard for ISO1988:1975 is BS1017 “Methods for sampling of coal and coke” Par
13、t1:1977 “Sampling of coal”. Section Subject Identical with 2.1 Sampling ab ISO 6375 2.2 Ash content ab ISO 8005 2.3 Ash analysis (AAS) ab ISO . . . . c 2.4 Ash analysis (XRF) ab ISO . . . . c 2.5 Apparent density and porosity ab ISO . . . . c 2.6 Density (xylene method) b ISO 8004 c 2.7 Oil content
14、(gravimetric method) b ISO 6997 c 2.8 Oil content (extraction method) b ISO . . . . c 2.9 Sieve analysis b ISO . . . . c 2.10 Electrical resistivity b ISO . . . . c 2.11 Volatile matter content a ISO . . . . c a Applicable to green coke. b Applicable to calcined coke. c In preparation.BS6043-2.1:198
15、5 BSI 10-1999 iii A related British Standard for ISO2309:1980 is BS1017. The Annex of ISO2309 is specifically related to Appendices D and E of BS1017-1:1977 and clause9 of BS1017-2:1960 “Sampling of coke”; clause 4 is specifically related to clause5 of BS1017-2:1960 and clause6 is specifically relat
16、ed to clause6 of BS1017-2:1960. A related British Standard for ISO6206:1979 is BS1017-2. Additional information. Although the procedures of this Section refer only to calcined cokes, it should be noted that some of the subsequent Sections will require green coke to be sampled using these procedures.
17、 NOTEPrinting error. In the note to 5.2.1 a), line2, “for” should be read as “of”. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itsel
18、f confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indic
19、ated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.iv blankBS6043-2.1:1985 BSI 10-1999 1 1 Scope and field of application This International Standard specifies methods for sampling and preparation of samples from lots of calcined coke so as to obtain, with sufficient accuracy, a sample that is re
20、presentative of the average qualities of each entire lot. It is applicable to cokes manufactured from pitch or petroleum intended specifically for use in the manufacture of electrodes used for the electrolytic production of aluminium. Because of the special requirements of these cokes, this Internat
21、ional Standard includes provisions which do not appear in the methods for sampling similar carbonaceous products, such as metallurgical cokes. These provisions are mainly concerned with the composition of samples for physical measurements and for particle size analysis. The theoretical and practical
22、 aspects of sampling on which this International Standard is based are described more fully in ISO1988 (coal) and ISO2309 (metallurgical coke) and users are referred to these documents for greater detail. Because of processing considerations, it is essential that the product shall be of uniform chem
23、ical composition. Two samples should therefore be taken: the first at the time of loading: in order to check the quality of the product as supplied; the second at the time of unloading at the customers premises or at the nearest port: in order to check for possible contamination in transit. 2 Refere
24、nces ISO 1988, Hard coal Sampling. ISO 2309, Coke Sampling. ISO 6206, Chemical products for industrial use Sampling Vocabulary. 3 Practical considerations 3.1 Sampling apparatus (see ISO 2309, Annex) Use automatic sampling apparatus whenever possible. Hand-operated sampling tools (scoops, frames pla
25、ced on conveyor belts, etc.) shall have a width for taking samples which is at least2,5times the maximum dimension of the largest pieces and shall be capable of taking a sample of material of1 to2kg at a time. The sample containers shall not be filled to more than9/10 of their volume. 3.2 Special ca
26、ses of sampling Refer to ISO 2309, clause6, for sampling procedures in specific circumstances (conveyor belt, various types of wagon, ships, etc.). Whenever possible, avoid sampling from a stationary bulk and sample the consignment to be checked during loading or unloading. Do not sample material co
27、rresponding to the top0,20m of the initial load so that bias associated with surface contamination is avoided. Sample the remainder uniformly throughout its entire bulk. 3.3 Processing of samples Homogenization should preferably be carried out mechanically. Manual methods using a suitable working su
28、rface area, are however, acceptable. The parts of crushing machines which come into contact with the product to be crushed shall be made of hard material which is unlikely to yield impurities when in operation. Carry out sample mass reduction, preferably using closed sample dividers. In all such ope
29、rations, avoid the loss of fine particles. 4 Definitions of samples For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply: 4.1 increment a quantity of material taken, at one time, from a sampling unit by a sampling device (see ISO 6206) 4.2 partial sample a sample taken fr
30、om each1000t fraction of a load or consignment. One part is used for an initial check of uniformity, the second part for particle size analysis and the third part to prepare the representative sample (4.3) 4.3 representative sample a sample assumed to have the same composition as the material sample
31、d when the latter is considered a homogeneous whole (see ISO 6206) for the purposes of this International Standard, the representative sample is the aggregate of the third part of the partial samples (for loads or consignments greater than1000t), or the aggregate of the increments taken from the con
32、signments of less than1000tBS6043-2.1:1985 2 BSI 10-1999 5 Number and size of increments 5.1 General ISO 2309, clause 4, specifies the number of increments required to determine the moisture content of metallurgical coke to an accuracy of 1%. The number of such samples per1000t lot is large (50for a
33、 moving stream of coke, 75for a wagon, 100for a ship, 150from a stockpile) because of the very wide range of moisture contents. In the case of coke for electrodes, the quality of which is much more uniform, experience has shown that this number may be reduced. On average, at least30increments per100
34、0t lot is sufficient. These increments shall have masses of1 to2kg, but each shall be at least20times the mass of the coarsest lump. For lots of less than1000t, the number of increments is defined in Figure 1. The number of increments taken per tonne of product increases as the tonnage decreases bec
35、ause of the increasing risk of heterogeneity. 5.2 Particular cases 5.2.1 Wagons Take at least two increments from each wagon sampled, during loading (or unloading): a) if the consignment (or load) consists of less than 15 wagons, sample all the wagons; NOTEIn the case of only one wagon, three increm
36、ents shall be taken for10kg at the beginning, midway and end of coke flow during loading or unloading. b) for a consignment of less than1000t consisting of more than15 wagons, sample10 wagons selected at random; c) for a consignment of more than1000t, take the30 increments per1000t fraction from5 wa
37、gons selected at random from each1000t fraction. Figure 1 Number of increments to be taken as a function of the mass to be sampledBS6043-2.1:1985 BSI 10-1999 3 5.2.2 Ships If the load is distributed throughout several holds, sample each hold separately, regardless of its contents, dividing it, if ne
38、cessary, into approximately1000t lots. 6 Sampling of consignments or loads 6.1 General In view of the importance of certain characteristics of coke for electrodes, it is useful to obtain, in addition to the representative sample, a partial sample from each1000t fraction if the size of the consignmen
39、t so warrants, in order to carry out rapid checks to assess the uniformity of the product. The preparation of these samples is described in 6.2 and shown schematically in Figure 2. 6.2 Sample preparation Combine at least30 increments taken from a1000t lot, 1)mix and then reduce by quartering to appr
40、oximately8kg. From such samples obtain, by quartering, the samples specified in 6.2.1 and 6.2.2. 6.2.1 Partial samples representative of each1000t fraction Take a fraction of approximately 4 kg (a) for particle size analysis (immediately or subsequently) if this information is required; a fraction o
41、f 2 kg (b) which shall be checked immediately for the agreed characteristics. 1) If the bulk density (mass contained in a given volume) at the time of delivery is to be checked, this determination shall be carried out immediately after mixing the increments but before quartering. Figure 2 Preparatio
42、n of partial and representative samplesBS6043-2.1:1985 4 BSI 10-1999 6.2.2 Representative sample Take a fraction of 2 kg (c) which, combined with the similar fractions taken from the other1000t lots, comprises a sample representative of the whole consignment or load and on which determinations of al
43、l the characteristics agreed between the interested parties are carried out. 7 Treatment of samples 7.1 Partial samples taken per 1 000 t lot (see 6.2.1) Carefully mix all the increments from a 1000t lot on a suitable working surface, or use a mechanical device capable of accommodating all the incre
44、ments. After mixing and, if necessary, determining the bulk density, reduce by quartering until8kg of product are obtained. Then take approximately 4 kg (a) for particle size analysis; approximately 2 kg (b) for checking the uniformity of the consignment on the basis of certain agreed physico-chemic
45、al properties; approximately 2 kg (c) for the preparation of the representative sample (6.2.2). Mill the 2 kg fraction (b) in a jaw crusher until it passes completely through a sieve of aperture5mm. After mixing, divide this fraction into two equal parts: retain one of these fractions (b 1 ) until c
46、ompletion of testing of the representative sample (6.2.2), in case additional checks are required on each1000t fraction; mill the other fraction (b 2 ) until it passes completely through a sieve of aperture size appropriate to the required determinations. Take from this fraction, by quartering, the
47、quantities required for the measurements. 7.2 Representative sample (6.2.2) Treat as follows all the 2 kg fractions (c) taken from the partial samples in the case of loads greater than1000t, or the whole of the increments in the case of loads less than1000t. 7.2.1 Intimately mix on a suitable workin
48、g surface or in a device capable of accommodating all the partial samples. 7.2.2 Quarter until 4 kg of product is obtained. (Ifthe sample is to be divided between the supplier and the customer, approximately8kg of product should be obtained by quartering, increasing if necessary the quantity taken f
49、rom the partial samples in the case of a load of2000 to3000t, for example, which would normally give only4 or6kg of representative sample.) Mill the 4 kg sample thus obtained in a jaw crusher until it passes completely through a sieve of aperture5mm. Mix it and then divide it by quartering into two2kg fractions, retaining one for possible repeat testing and milling the other until it passes completely through a sieve of aperture suitable for the required determinations. (The required particle size is specified in each of t
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