BS 6068-1 9-1998 Water quality - Glossary - Alphabetical list and subject index《水质 第1部分 术语 第9集 术语字顺表和主题索引》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 6068-1.9: 1998 ISO6107-9: 1997 Water quality Part 1: Glossary Section 1.9 Alphabetical list and subject index ICS 01.040.13; 13.060.01BS6068-1.9:1998 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Health and Environment Sector Board, was published under the

2、 authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15February1998 BSI 04-1999 ISBN 0 580 29170 7 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS 6068-1.9:1998 BSI 04-1999 i Contents Page National foreword ii Foreword iii Text of ISO 6107-9 1BS6068-1.9:1998 ii BSI 04-1999 Nationa

3、l foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 6107-9:1997 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EH/3, Water quality, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the

4、responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained

5、on request to its secretary. This is one of a series of standards on water quality, others of which have been, or will be, published as Sections of BS 6068. The various Sections of BS 6068 are comprised within Parts1to7, which, together with Part 0, are listed below. Part 0: Introduction; Part 1: Gl

6、ossary; Part 2: Physical, chemical and biochemical methods; Part 3: Radiological methods; Part 4: Microbiological methods; Part 5: Biological methods; Part 6: Sampling; Part 7: Precision and accuracy. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications refer

7、red to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a c

8、ontract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, theISO title page, pages iit

9、oiv, pages 1 to 38 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on theinside front cover.BS 6068-1.9:1998 ii BSI 04-1999 Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization)

10、is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be repres

11、ented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standard

12、s adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 6107-9 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147, Water quality, Subc

13、ommittee SC 1, Terminology. ISO 6107 consists of nine parts, under the general title Water quality Vocabulary. The different parts do not have individual titles. Descriptors: Water, quality, water pollution, vocabulary.BS 6068-1.9:1998 BSI 04-1999 iiiiv blankBS 6068-1.9:1998 BSI 04-1999 1 Introducti

14、on Parts 1 to 8 of ISO 6107 contain definitions for 550 terms which appear in specifications of ISO/TC 147, Water quality. The definitions have been formulated to provide standardized terminoloy for the characterization of water quality. Terms in this vocabulary may be identical to those in vocabula

15、ries of other international organizations, but the definitions may differ because they have been formulated for different purposes. Part 9 consists of an alphabetical list and subject index of all terms in parts 1 to 8, and will be updated as and when any of parts 1 to 8 are revised. The nine parts

16、are not combined into one vocabulary document in order to facilitate and expedite regular revision and updating.BS6068-1.9:1998 2 BSI 04-1999BS 6068-1.9:1998 BSI 04-1999 3BS6068-1.9:1998 4 BSI 04-1999BS 6068-1.9:1998 BSI 04-1999 5BS6068-1.9:1998 6 BSI 04-1999BS 6068-1.9:1998 BSI 04-1999 7BS6068-1.9:

17、1998 8 BSI 04-1999BS 6068-1.9:1998 BSI 04-1999 9BS6068-1.9:1998 10 BSI 04-1999BS 6068-1.9:1998 BSI 04-1999 11BS6068-1.9:1998 12 BSI 04-1999BS 6068-1.9:1998 BSI 04-1999 13BS6068-1.9:1998 14 BSI 04-1999BS 6068-1.9:1998 BSI 04-1999 15BS6068-1.9:1998 16 BSI 04-1999BS 6068-1.9:1998 BSI 04-1999 17BS6068-1

18、.9:1998 18 BSI 04-1999BS 6068-1.9:1998 BSI 04-1999 19BS6068-1.9:1998 20 BSI 04-1999BS 6068-1.9:1998 BSI 04-1999 21BS6068-1.9:1998 22 BSI 04-1999BS 6068-1.9:1998 BSI 04-1999 23 Systematic index of all terms in ISO6107 Categories of index 1 Water in nature 1.1 Occurrence 1.2 Zones 1.3 Quality 1.4 Grou

19、ndwater 1.5 Sea water 1.6 Miscellaneous 2 Drinking water 3 Industrial waters 4 Waste water 4.1 General terms 4.2 Mechanical treatment 4.3 Biological filtration 4.4 Active sludge installation 4.5 Other treatments 4.6 Sludge handling 5 Microbiology 5.1 General terms 5.2 Groups and species 6 Biology 6.

20、1 General terms 6.2 Biological tests 6.3 Groups and species 7 Chemistry 7.1 Carbon 7.2 Chlorine 7.3 Nitrogen 7.4 Oxygen and oxygen consumption 7.5 Physico-chemical terms 7.6 Colloid chemistry 7.7 Acid and base consumption hardness, aggressivity 7.8 Solids 7.9 Surface active substances, detergents 7.

21、10 Groups of substances 7.11 Miscellaneous 8 Statistics 9 SamplingBS6068-1.9:1998 24 BSI 04-1999 Terms in each category and part in which they appear 1 Water in nature 1.1 Occurrences bourne 8 brook 4 canal 2 catchment area 3 catchment basin 3 drainage area 3 estuary 2 freshet 7 freshwater 3 gatheri

22、ng ground 7 lagoon (coastal) 8 lake 2 mineral water 8 pond 6 rain water 1 reservoir 2 river 2 spring 3 stagnant water 2 stream 2 surface water 1 water course 7 1.2 Zones aphotic zone 5 benthic deposit 1 benthic region 7 destratification 5 epilimnion 1 euphotic zone 3 halocline 3 hypolimnion 1 littor

23、al zone 3 metalimnion 6 profundal zone 4 pycnocline 4 stratification 1 thermocline 1 turnover 5 1.3 Quality dystrophic water 3 eutrophic water 1 hypertrophic water 1 mesosaprobic water (!, “) 8 mesotrophic water 3 oligosaprobic 7 oligotrophic 1 polysaprobic water 1 saprobic 3 water quality criteria

24、1 water quality standard 1 1.4 Groundwater aquifer 3 connate water 3 deep well 8 groundwater 1 infiltration (into the ground) 5 interstitial water 4 irrigation water 2 lysimeter 6 piezometric groundwater level 8 sodium absorption ratio, SAR 2 swallow hole; sink hole 6 thermal water 6 water table 3 1

25、.5 Sea water freshwater limit 7 intertidal zone 4 saline water 8BS 6068-1.9:1998 BSI 04-1999 25 salinity (absolute) 2 salinity (practical) 2 sea 2 subtidal zone 4 tidal limit (of a river) 7 tidal water 7 1.6 Miscellaneous acid rain water 8 aquifer (confined) 8 aquifer (unconfined) 8 brine 8 comparti

26、mentalization 6 dry deposition 8 evapotranspiration 8 heavy water 8 hydrography 3 hydrological cycle 4 hydrology 3 hydrometry 3 migration 6 pollution 2 self-purification 1 sink 7 transpiration 8 wet deposition 8 2 Drinking water abstraction 3 activated carbon treatment 3 aeration 1 air scouring 8 ba

27、ckwashing 3 bank filtration 5 bankside storage 5 biofilm 3 clarification 2 drinking water; potable water 1 filter run 7 microstrainer 5 mixed media filtration 2 nutrient removal 3 ozonization; ozonation 1 pressure filtration 2 rapid sand filtration 2 re-aeration 2 service reservoir 6 slow sand filtr

28、ation 2 spray aeration 6 supply water 1 3 Industrial water blowdown 4 boiler water 1 cooling water 1 Hazen number 3 industrial water 1 industrial waste water 1 odour threshold 7 organoleptic 5 raw water 1 4 Waste water 4.1 General terms balancing tank 6 black water 7 combined sewerage system 5 cross

29、 connection 3 domestic waste water 1 dry well 8 effluent 1 effluent polishing 3 grey water (sullage) 7 Imhoff cone 3 infiltration (into a sewer) 5 leachate 7 methylene blue test 3 non-point source; diffuse source 6 package plant 4 plume 8BS6068-1.9:1998 26 BSI 04-1999 point source pollution 5 pollut

30、ing load 5 raw sewage 1 recirculation 3 retention period; detention time 3 secondary treatment 6 separate(d) sewerage system 8 septic 3 sewage 1 sewage effluent 1 sewer 8 sewerage system 8 stability test 3 storm overflow 8 storm sewage 1 storm sewage tank (storm water tank 8 storm water; storm water

31、 runoff 1 storm water detention pond 8 sullage 4 surcharge 3 surface loading rate 7 tertiary treatment 3 treated sewage 1 treated waste water 1 waste effluent 1 waste water 1 wet well 8 4.2 Mechanical treatment clarifier; settling tank; sedimentation basin 2 communition 4 gross solids 8 pre-aeration

32、 2 preliminary treatment (of sewage) 7 primary treatment (of sewage) 7 screen 6 settled sewage 6 4.3 Biological filtration alternating double filtration; ADF 5 bacteria bed 1 biological filter 1 trickling filter 1 percolating filter 1 humus sludge 3 ponding 3 roughing filter 3 scouring organisms 3 s

33、loughing 3 vernal or spring sloughing 3 zoogloeal film 3 4.4 Active sludge installation activated sludge 1 activated sludge treatment 1 alpha factor 3 beta factor 3 contact stabilization 2 extended aeration 4 mixed liquor 3 mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) 3 oxidation ditch; oxidation channel 3

34、returned activated sludge 6 sludge age 3 stepped aeration; tapered aeration 2 stepped feed 2 4.5 Other treatments lagoon (sludge); anaerobic pond 8 cesspool; cesspit 5 lagoon (sewage) 8 land treatment 5 maturation pond 3 night soil 4 oxidation pond 1 septic tank 1 sparging 6BS 6068-1.9:1998 BSI 04-1

35、999 27 4.6 Sludge handling aerobic sludge digestion 7 anaerobic sludge digestion 6 centrifugation; centrifuging 1 conditioning 6 dewatering (of sludge) 1 digested sludge 5 digestion 1 elutriation 3 filter press 5 filterability; filtrability 5 heat treatment, thermal conditioning 5 mesophilic digesti

36、on 3 Mohlman index 2 raw sludge 6 sludge 1 sludge blanket 8 sludge bulking 3 sludge cake 8 sludge conditioning 6 sludge drying bed 8 sludge pressing 3 sludge thickening 6 sludge volume index SVI 2 thermophilic conditioning 6 thermophilic digestion 6 thickening 1 vacuum filtration 3 volatile (fatty)

37、acids 8 5 Microbiology 5.1 General terms bacteriological sample 7 disinfection 1 Gram-negative bacteria 8 Gram-positive bacteria 8 membrane filtration 5 most probable number (MPN) 5 pasteurization 2 pathogen 5 plate count; colony count 5 seeding 3 sterilization 1 viable bacteria 3 5.2 Groups and spe

38、cies aerobic organisms (aerobes) 8 anaerobic organisms (anaerobes) 8 autotrophic bacteria; chemolithotrophic bacteria 3 bacteria 7 bacteriophages 7 coliform organisms 7 depuration 8 enteric viruses 5 enterococci 7 Escherichia coli (E. coli) 7 eucaryotes 8 facultative aerobes 8 facultative anaerobes

39、8 faecal enterococci 7 faecal streptococci 7 F-specific RNA bacteriophages 7 heterotrophic bacteria 5 iron bacteria 5 Legionella spp. 8 Leptospira spp. 8 luminescent bacteria 7 nitrogen cycle bacteria 7 obligate aerobes 8 obligate anaerobes 8 photoautotrophic bacteria 7 procaryotes 8 protists (proti

40、sta) 8 protozoa 5 Pseudomonas spp. 8 Salmonella spp. 7 salmonellae 7 sewage fungus 6 sulfite reducing clostridia 7 sulfur bacteria 6BS6068-1.9:1998 28 BSI 04-1999 thermophilic microorganisms 8 thermotolerant/faecal coliform organisms 7 Vibrio sp. 3 viruses 7 6 Biology 6.1 General terms acclimation 5

41、 acclimatization 5 bioaccumulation 6 biodegradability 4 biodegradation 3 biomass 3 biota 3 biotic index 3 depuration 8 detritus 1 ecology 3 ecosystem 3 endogenous respiration 8 eutrophication 2 eukaryotic 5 exogenous respiration 8 pelagic organisms 8 photosynthesis 3 primary productivity 6 putrefact

42、ion 3 readily biodegradable substances 6 respiration 7 ultimate biodegradation 6 6.2 Biological tests bioassay 2 dynamic toxicity test 3 flow-through toxicity test lethal concentration (LC50) 3 semi-static toxicity test 3 static toxicity test 3 toxicity test 3 toxicity test with intermittent renewal

43、 3 toxicity test without renewal 3 6.3 Groups and species algae 7 cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) 8 cyprinid (fish) 5 diatoms 2 fungi 7 macrophytes 3 mesophlic microorganisms 7 phytoplankton 5 plankton 5 psychrophilic microorganisms 8 salmonid (fish) 6 zooplankton 5 7 Chemistry 7.1 Carbon dissolved

44、 organic carbon, DOC 5 free carbon dioxide 2 total carbon 7 total carbon dioxide 2 total inorganic carbon 7 total organic carbon, TOC 2 7.2 Chlorine available chlorine; total available chlorine 2 break point chlorination 2 chloramines 2 chlorination 2 chlorine demand; chlorine requirement 2 combined

45、 chlorine 2 dechlorination 1 free chlorine 2 post-chlorination 3 prechlorination 1 residual chlorine; total residual chlorine 2 superchlorination 6 total chlorine 2BS 6068-1.9:1998 BSI 04-1999 29 7.3 Nitrogen ammonia stripping 3 ammoniacal nitrogen 8 ammoniation (sometimes known as chloramination) 8

46、 ammonification 6 denitrification 1 Kjeldahl nitrogen 8 methaemoglobinaemia 7 nitrification 1 nitrogen cycle 3 organic nitrogen 8 total ammonia 8 total oxidized nitrogen 7 7.4 Oxygen and oxygen consumption aerobic condition 1 anaerobic condition 1 anoxic 5 biochemical oxidation 4 biochemical oxygen

47、demand, BOD 2 chemical oxygen demand, COD 2 deoxygenation 1 dissolved oxygen curve 2 oxygen deficit 3 oxygen sag curve 7 oxygen saturation value 3 permanganate index 8 theoretical oxygen demand 8 ultimate oxygen demand, UOD 3 7.5 Physico-chemical terms deionization 1 demineralization 1 desalination

48、1 electrodialysis 1 equilibrium pH 6 ion exchange 1 ion-exchange material 1 ionic balance 4 ionic strength 8 mass balance 3 mineralization 3 mixed bed (ion exchange) 1 nitrogen balance 3 oxidation reduction potential; redoxpotential,ORP 7 oxygen balance 3 phosphorus balance 3 regeneration (ion excha

49、nge) 1 specific conductance; electrical conductivity 2 turbidity 2 7.6 Colloid chemistry agglomeration 3 coagulation 4 chemical coagulation 1 colloidal suspension 2 dialysis 2 floc 1 flocculation aid 6 flocculation 1 polyelectrolytes 1 reverse osmosis 1 ultrafiltration 6 7.7 Acid and base consumption hardness, aggressivity acidity 2 aggressive water 2 aggressivity 2 alkaline (temporary) hardness 2 alkalinity 2 corrosivity 2 hardness 2 Langelier-index 2 methyl red end-point alkalinity 2 non-alkaline (p