BS 6100-5-2009 Building and civil engineering - Vocabulary Part 5 Civil engineering - Water engineering environmental engineering and pipelines《建筑和土木工程 词汇 土木工程 水工程、环境工程和管线》.pdf

1、BS 6100-5:2009Building and civil engineering VocabularyPart 5: Civil engineering Water engineering, environmental engineering and pipelinesICS 01.040.93; 93.NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARD030Publishing and copyright informationThe BSI copyright

2、notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 53725 7The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:Committee reference B/500Draft for comment 04/30087603 DCPublication historyBS 6100-2.5 first published August 1991BS 6100-2.6

3、 first published June 1991BS 6100-2.7:BS 6100-2.7 second edition September 1992BS 6100 2.7 first published October 1988Previously published as:BS 4118, second edition December 1980BS 4118, first edition June 1967Amendments issued since publicationAmd. no. Date Text affectedBS 6100-5:2009 First publi

4、shed as BS 6100-5 December 2008 BSI 2008 iContentsForeword iii1 Scope 12 Vocabulary structure 13 Water engineering (05 1xxxx) 24 Inland waters, coastal and maritime engineering (05 2xxxx) 235 Public health and environmental engineering (05 3xxxx) 536 Pipelines and ducts (05 4xxxx) 66Bibliography 73S

5、ummary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 74, an inside back cover and a back cover.BS 6100-5:2009ii BSI 2008 This page deliberately left blankBS 6100-5:2009 BSI 2008 iiiForewordPublishing informationThis part of BS 6100 is published by BS

6、I and came into effect Basic data. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.SupersessionThis part of BS 6100 supersedes BS 6100-2.5:1991, BS 6100-2.6:1991 and BS 6100-2.7:1992, which are withdrawn.Relationship with other publicationsBS 6100 co

7、nsists of the following parts. Part 0: Introduction and index.Part 1: General. Part 2: Spaces, building types, environment and physical planning. Part 3: Civil engineering General. Part 4: Civil engineering Transport. Part 5: Civil engineering Water engineering, environmental engineering and pipelin

8、es. Part 6: Construction parts.Part 7: Services. Part 8: Work with timber and wood-based panels. Part 9: Work with concrete and plaster. Part 10: Contract terms. Part 11: Performance characteristics, measurement and joints. Part 12: Plant, equipment and persons.Information about this documentBS 6100

9、 has been completely restructured and compiled on different principles than previously. Consequently, this part of BS 6100 represents a full revision of the standard.A general introduction to and explanation of the BS 6100 vocabulary is given in BS 6100-0, which provides an alphabetical index of all

10、 the terms in all parts of BS 6100. It is intended that individual parts of BS 6100 are used in conjunction with BS 6100-0 because they do not contain indexes themselves.BS 6100-1 reproduces verbatim ISO 6707-1 and provides a vocabulary of general terms for the building and civil engineering industr

11、y. It is essential that individual parts of BS 6100 are read in conjunction with BS 6100-1.BS 6100 does not repeat (or provide alternatives for) terms defined in other standards or in other parts of BS 6100. However, it does refer to where definitions can be found and includes a bibliography of all

12、referenced standards.BS 6100-5:2009on 1 January 2009. It was prepared by Technical Committee B/500, iv BSI 2008Presentational conventionsDetails of the structure, layout and presentational conventions used in this part of BS 6100 are given in Clause 2.Contractual and legal considerationsThis publica

13、tion does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.BS 6100-5:2009 BSI 2008 11 ScopeThis part of BS 6100 defines terms for civil engineering tha

14、t relate to:a) water engineering;b) inland waters, coastal and maritime engineering;c) public health and environmental engineering;d) pipelines and ducts.2 Vocabulary structureThis part of BS 6100 does not contain its own index. Instead, a comprehensive index of terms is given in BS 6100-0. As a res

15、ult, it is intended that this part of BS 6100 is used in conjunction with BS 6100-0.The layout of this vocabulary is designed in accordance with ISO 10241 with terms arranged in a classified order and numbered in accordance with ISO 2145.Each term has an individual number consisting of seven digits

16、in two parts, the first of two digits, the second of five. Each number tells the following information about the term.a) The first two digits represent which part of BS 6100 the term belongs to.b) The third digit represents which group of terms it belongs to within the part.c) The fourth digit repre

17、sents which subgroup of terms it belongs to 1)2)3)4)5)6)7)8)9)d) The fifth to seventh digits determine the location of the term within the subgroup.Bold words within a definition indicate terms that are defined elsewhere in this part of BS 6100, other parts of BS 6100 or other standards. Reference t

18、o where the term is defined is given in parenthesis after the bold word.NOTE 1 References to terms defined in BS 6100-1 are shown giving only the part number, e.g. (01); references to terms defined in all other parts of BS 6100 are shown using their full reference number, e.g. (07 59005).NOTE 2 Wher

19、e more than one definition source could be referred to, the reference containing the definition of most general applicability is given.BS 6100-5:2009WorksPartsMaterialsActivitiesProcessesPlant, equipment and documentationPropertiesSpacesMiscellaneous.within the group, as follows2 BSI 2008Alternative

20、 terms are given in medium type below preferred terms which are given in bold type. All alternative terms have the status of being deprecated. Abbreviations are given in bold type below the terms to which they relate.In the vocabulary, terms of more than one word are written in their natural word or

21、der, e.g. pedestal elbow, and the word order is not inverted, e.g. elbow, pedestal. However, inverted forms of a term are included in the index in BS 6100-0.Terms are only given in the singular form, even when the plural form is more common (unless the term is only found in the plural form).3 Water

22、engineering (05 1xxxx)3.1 Works (05 11xxx)05 11001 impounding reservoirreservoir (01) that collects surface water (01) from an open area of land (01)NOTE Usually in the upper reaches (BS EN ISO 772) of a watercourse (01).05 11002 pumped storage reservoirhigh level (01) reservoir (01) in a pumped sto

23、rage (05 11034) system05 11003 millpondimpounding reservoir (05 11001) that serves a watermill05 11004 embankment dam05 11005 earth damearth fill damembankment dam (05 11004) constructed with soil (01)05 11006 gravity damdam (01) that relies on its weight (11 27002) for stability05 11007 arch damdam

24、 (01) arched horizontally to resist the thrust of the water, the force (01) being transmitted to abutments (01)05 11008 gravity arch damdam (01) arched horizontally to resist the thrust of the water, but also relying on its own weight (11 27002) for stability05 11009 buttress damdam (01) that consis

25、ts of a watertight wall (01), supported by buttresses (01) at intervals on the downstream side05 11010 rock fill damembankment dam (05 11004) constructed mainly of rock (03 23027)05 11011 hydraulic fill damembankment dam (05 11004) constructed of hydraulic fill (05 12032)BS 6100-5:2009(01) formed as

26、 an (01)embankment dam BSI 2008 305 11012 mine tailings damdam (01) constructed with waste (01) from mining operations05 11013 constant radius arch damarch dam (05 11007) that, in every horizontal cross-section, has approximately the same radius of curvature05 11014 constant angle arch damarch dam (

27、05 11007) in which the angle subtended by any horizontal cross-section is constant throughout the height (01)05 11015 double curvature arch damarch dam (05 11007) that is curved both horizontally and vertically05 11016 arch buttress dammultiple arch dambuttress dam (05 11009) in which the upstream p

28、art consists of a series of arches (01)05 11017 flat slab buttress dambuttress dam (05 11009) in which the upstream part is a relatively thin inclined flat slab (01)NOTE The flat slab (01) is usually of reinforced concrete (09 33032).05 11018 solid head buttress dambuttress dam (05 11009) in which t

29、he upstream ends of all the buttresses (01) are enlarged symmetrically to meet those adjacent, thereby forming a continuous structure (01)05 11019 prestressed damdam (01) the stability of which depends in part on the tension (03 15002) in vertical steel wires, cables (01) or rods (01) that pass thro

30、ugh the dam (01) and are anchored into the foundation (01) rock (03 23027)05 11020 fabridamdam (01) made of flexible membrane anchored to a river (BS EN ISO 772) bed (05 22001) that can be inflated with water or air, or both, and is completely collapsible05 11021 gabion damgravity dam (05 11006) con

31、structed with gabions (05 21079)05 11022 crib damgravity dam (05 11006) constructed with crossed pieces of timber (01) and fill (01)05 11023 bellmouth spillwaymorning glory spillwayspillway (01) that consists of a vertical shaft (01) with a bellmouth (05 32059) inlet05 11024 ski jump spillwayspillwa

32、y (01) with a chute (05 12154), at the bottom of which is a flip bucket (05 12061) that throws water up into the air to dissipate energy (01) at a safe distance from the bottom of the spillway (01)05 11025 siphon spillwayspillway (01) that operates on the siphon (05 19008) principleBS 6100-5:20094 B

33、SI 200805 11026 air regulated siphon spillwaysiphon spillway (05 11025) in which automatic regulation of liquid flow (BS EN ISO 772) to match the discharge (BS EN ISO 772) without appreciable change in the upstream water level (01) is achieved through admission of air at the inlet05 11027 side chann

34、el spillwayspillway (01), the crest (05 12067) of which is roughly parallel to the channel (01) immediately downstream of the spillway (01)05 11028 auxiliary spillwayemergency spillwaysecondary spillway (01) that operates only during exceptional flooding (05 25012)05 11029 fuse plug spillwayembankme

35、nt (01) that when over-topped erodes in a controlled manner to form an auxiliary spillway (05 11028)05 11030 bye channelbyewashchannel (01) constructed to divert run-off (01) around and not into a reservoir (01)05 11031 energy dissipatordevice constructed in a watercourse (01) to reduce substantiall

36、y the kinetic energy (01) of fast flowing water05 11033 hydroelectric power stationpower station (02 21061) in which the energy (01) of falling water is used to drive water turbines (05 12002) coupled to generators (07 12034)05 11034 pumped storagemeans of storing energy (01) by pumping water up to

37、a high level (01) reservoir (01) and releasing it at suitable times to a hydroelectric power station (05 11033)05 11035 power tunneltunnel (01) that carries water to a hydroelectric power station (05 11033)05 11036 headraceliquid flow (BS EN ISO 772) conduit (01) from a forebay (05 11057) to a water

38、 turbine (05 12002) or waterwheel (05 11039)05 11037 tailraceconduit (01) that conveys the discharge from a waterwheel (05 11039) or water turbine (05 12002)05 11038 millracechannel (01) that carries water from a river (BS EN ISO 772), stream (BS EN ISO 772) or millpond (05 11003) to a waterwheel (0

39、5 11039)05 11039 waterwheelwheel, with buckets or paddles on the rim, that is rotated by water around a horizontal axis to provide energy (01)BS 6100-5:2009 BSI 2008 505 11040 undershot waterwheelwaterwheel (05 11039) in which the water strikes the paddles at the bottom05 11041 overshot waterwheelwa

40、terwheel (05 11039) in which the water strikes the buckets at the top and passes over the wheel05 11042 breast waterwheelwaterwheel (05 11039) in which the water strikes the buckets about half way up and passes underneath the wheel05 11043 surge shaftshaft (01) in rock (03 23027) that reduces transi

41、ent pressure fluctuations in a tunnel (01)05 11044 headwallretaining wall (01) at the end of a culvert (01) or pipe (01)05 11045 diversion weirweir (01) to divert water from a watercourse (01) into another channel (01)05 11052 barragestructure (01) constructed across a river (BS EN ISO 772) that com

42、prises a series of gates (05 12001) that when fully open allow flood water to pass without raising appreciably the head water level (05 17017)05 11053 cross regulatorbarrage (05 11052) across an artificial channel (01)05 11054 barrierstructure (01) in a tidal waterway (05 22131) with gates (05 12001

43、) that can be closed to prevent exceptionally high water (BS EN ISO 772) reaching inland areas liable to flooding (05 25012)05 11055 intakestructure (01) through which water is drawn from a river (BS EN ISO 772) or other body of water05 11056 outfallstructure (01) through which water is discharged i

44、nto a watercourse (01) or body of water05 11057 forebaystructure (01) that forms a transition from a reservoir (01), river (BS EN ISO 772) or other body of water to the upstream end of a conduit (01)3.2 Parts (05 12xxx)05 12001 gateleaf or structure (01) moved to stop or control liquid flow (BS EN I

45、SO 772) in a channel (01) or through an opening05 12002 water turbineprime mover rotated by water to generate powerBS 6100-5:20096 BSI 200805 12003 valve towertower (03 51005) within a reservoir (01) that houses pipes (01) with draw-off valves (05 12109) at various levels (01)05 12004 scour outletst

46、ructure (01) in the bed (05 22001) of a reservoir (01) at the upstream end of a scour pipe (05 12005) or scour tunnel (05 12006)05 12005 scour pipeoutlet pipe (01) from a reservoir (01) at the lowest possible level (01) for discharging water05 12006 scour tunneloutlet tunnel (01) for discharging wat

47、er and sediment (BS EN 772) from a reservoir (01) at the lowest possible level (01)05 12007 scour sluicesluice gate (05 12077) that controls liquid flow (BS EN ISO 772) through a scour outlet (05 12004)05 12008 top of damuppermost surface of a dam (01), excluding parapets (01) and railings (06 12023

48、)05 12009 heel of damjunction of the upstream face of a gravity dam (05 11006) with the ground (01) surface05 12010 toe of damjunction of the downstream face of a gravity dam (05 11006) or of the face of a shoulder (05 12013) with the ground (01) surface05 12011 corezone of material (01) of low perm

49、eability (01) in an embankment dam (05 11004) that extends from the foundation (01) to near the top of dam (05 12008) and that inhibits seepage (05 19004)05 12012 core wallwall (01) of material (01) of low permeability (01) in an embankment dam (05 11004)05 12013 shoulderpart of embankment dam (05 11004), on the upstream or downstream side of the core (05 12011), that supports the core (05 12011)05 12014 cut-off trenchtrench (01) excavated below the general foundation (01) level (01) to a layer of low permeability (01) and