BS 6197-1985 Methods for preservation and storage of earth-moving machinery《土方机械保养与存放方法》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 6197:1985 ISO 6749:1984 Methods for Preservation and storage of earth-moving machinery ISO title: Earth-moving machinery Preservation and storage UDC 624.132:621.878/.879.004.4BS6197:1985 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Road EngineeringStanda

2、rds Committee, was published underthe authority of the BoardofBSI and comes intoeffecton 28 February 1985 BSI 11-1999 First published December 1981 First revision February 1985 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference RDB/21 Draft (ref. 84/14837) announce

3、d inBSI News January 1985 ISBN 0 580 14312 0 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Road Engineering Standards Committee (RDB/-) to Technical Committee RDB/21, upon which the following bodies were represented: Associated Offices

4、 Technical Committee Construction Industry Training Board Construction Plant-hire Association Department of Trade and Industry (Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Division) Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors Federation of Manufacturers of Construction Equipment and Cranes Health and Safe

5、ty Executive Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Highways and Transportation Ministry of Defence National Coal Board Coopted members Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS6197:1985 BSI 11-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National

6、 foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Field of application 1 3 Definitions 1 4 Preservation 1 5 Storage and transportation 4 Table 1 Methods recommended for removal of preservatives 3 Table 2 Categories of long-term storage conditions 5 Table 3 Categories of transportation conditions 5BS6197:1985 ii BSI 11-1999

7、National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Road Engineering Standards Committee and is a revision ofBS6197:1981 which is withdrawn. This revision has been produced to align with the changes introduced into the second edition ofISO6749:1984 “Earth-moving mach

8、inery Preservation and storage”, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), with whichBS6197 thereby remains identical. The revision ofISO6749 was produced as a result of international discussion in which the UK took an active part. Terminology and conventions. The text o

9、f the International Standard has been approved as suitable for publication as a British Standard without deviation. Some terminology and certain conventions are not identical with those used in British Standards; attention is drawn especially to the following. The comma has been used as a decimal ma

10、rker. In British Standards it is current practice to use a full point on the baseline as the decimal marker. Where the words “International Standard” appear, referring to this standard, they should be read as “British Standard”. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provis

11、ions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 5 and

12、a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS6197:1985 BSI 11-1999 1 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the general methods for preservation and removal

13、 of preservation materials from earth-moving machinery and its elements, and the categories of storage and transportation conditions. 2 Field of application This International Standard is applicable to newly-manufactured earth-moving machines as well as to those already in use to be preserved. 3 Def

14、initions For the purpose of this International Standard, the following definitions apply: 3.1 preservation set of operations to be carried out by the manufacturer, the user and others for the purpose of protecting a machine against the corrosive action of the environment and against minor damage tha

15、t might occur during handling, transportation and storage 3.2 transportation conveyance of a machine by any mode of transport, i.e., rail, road, sea, river and air 3.3 storage period during which a machine is kept idle from the moment preservative is applied until the moment the preservative is remo

16、ved 3.4 removal of preservatives set of operations to be carried out by the dealer, the user and/or others prior to putting a machine into service 4 Preservation 4.1 General 4.1.1 Preservation treatment consists of preliminary operations possibly involving some dismantling, marking, preparation for

17、preservation, the preservation proper, and final packaging. 4.1.2 Preservation of a newly-manufactured machine and its elements, unless otherwise stipulated in the order or the contract of sale, shall be carried out by the manufacturer. 4.1.3 All materials used for the preservation of a machine and

18、its elements shall conform to the specifications laid down in International Standards or other appropriate technical documents specified in the order or contract of sale, and shall ensure conservation of a machine for the intended period of preservation. 4.1.4 A machine shall be delivered for preser

19、vation treatment without any traces of corrosion on metal surfaces, or damage to paintwork, metallic, or other coatings. A used machine shall be reconditioned prior to preservation. 4.1.5 Preservation treatment shall be carried out in suitable conditions (ambient temperature, humidity) and with the

20、correct materials which provide for the required quality of preservation while taking due care to ensure the safety of personnel and protection of the environment. 4.1.6 Each machine given the preservation treatment shall be provided with instructions for the removal of preservatives. These instruct

21、ions may be included as a separate chapter in the operators manual. 4.1.7 The instructions for preservation and removal of preservatives shall be packed in a labelled waterproof envelope and attached to the machine in a conspicuous place. 4.1.8 The instructions for removal of preservatives shall spe

22、cify the categories of conditions for storage and transportation, the date of preservation, and the duration of validity of preservation. The instructions shall also specify the methods for the removal of preservatives and reassembly of dismantled elements, a list of tools and appliances needed for

23、these operations. 4.1.9 Operations of preservation and removal of preservatives shall be carried out with due regard for the general accident prevention measures specified, if necessary, by the national governing body having jurisdiction. 4.1.10 Full details concerning preservation, packing and tran

24、sportation shall be specified by the manufacturer in special instructions included with the machine documentation upon request, for example a) a method of lifting the machine for loading and/or unloading in order to keep preservatives intact; b) particular requirements, such as operations necessary

25、when a machine is to be transferred from one mode of transportation to another which may require unpacking, including a procedure for re-preservation.BS6197:1985 2 BSI 11-1999 4.1.11 It is important to ensure that tyres, hoses, etc. are protected against damage or deterioration by preservatives, by

26、solvents used near them, and by exposure to the sun, moisture and other natural occurrences. 4.2 Preliminary operations 4.2.1 Partial dismantling and marking 4.2.1.1 Partial dismantling shall be kept to a minimum and shall be carried out: a) to give preservation treatment to inaccessible areas; b) t

27、o safeguard protruding elements or easily damageable parts against damage or loss; and c) to bring down the overall dimensions of a machine within the limits of transportation size specified in International Standards or other documents specified in the order or contract of sale. 4.2.1.2 When disman

28、tled elements are to be attached to the base machine they shall be so secured that they may not shift or be damaged or lost during handling or transportation. 4.2.1.3 Fastenings used to attach the dismantled elements shall also be given the preservation treatment, and wherever possible, shall be sec

29、ured to appropriate mating surfaces to guard against loss. 4.2.1.4 Dismantled elements and their corresponding mating surfaces on the base machine may be appropriately marked to guide correct reassembly. Tags used for marking dismantled elements should be of waterproof material. 4.2.2 Preparation of

30、 surfaces for preservation 4.2.2.1 Surfaces of a machine and its dismantled elements requiring protection shall be cleaned and be free of corrosion, oil, and other contaminants, and dried. 4.2.2.2 Aqueous alkali solutions, organic solvents, blasting with abrasives or any other suitable means which e

31、nsure the required degree of cleanliness and do not cause damage to the machine can be used for cleaning and degreasing the outer surfaces. The cleaning method shall be chosen depending on the structural features and degree of soiling and the type of outer coatings present. 4.2.2.3 Preparation of su

32、rfaces by means of alkali solutions shall be carried out in washing installations with such solutions and by such procedures that ensure the required degree of cleanliness and degreasing. 4.2.2.4 If organic solvents are used, the areas to be preserved shall be wiped with soft rags or brushes wetted

33、with solvent. 4.2.2.5 If blasting with abrasives is used, the surfaces shall be cleaned by blowing with a high-velocity jet of water or air containing fine abrasive particles. 4.2.2.6 After cleaning, the surfaces shall be thoroughly dried to remove traces of solvents and moisture by one of the follo

34、wing methods: a) blowing with a jet of filtered, dry, compressed air; b) heating in a temperature-controlled oven; c) wiping with clean rag or paper; or d) subjecting to the action of IR rays or any other suitable means that will not damage the surfaces. 4.3 Preservation procedures and types of prot

35、ective coatings 4.3.1 The preservation method and the type of protective coating shall be chosen depending on the structural features and the materials of the machine, preservation duration, storage and transportation conditions with due regard for the amount of labour needed and the availability of

36、 materials required for removing the preservative coatings. 4.3.2 Preservative coatings shall be applied to those metallic surfaces which, if corroded, may deteriorate the operational qualities of the machine or detract from its external appearance. 4.3.3 The surfaces of non-vital parts or those of

37、corrosion-resistant metals such as copper, nickel, chromium, and bronze need not be treated, unless transported by sea. Special attention should be given to protecting electrical system junction boxes, switches, relays, etc. Permanent protective coatings should be applied during the assembly process

38、. 4.3.4 Recommended preservation methods 4.3.4.1 Inhibitor coatings Protective inhibitor coatings recommended are inhibitor paper, alcohol or alcohol-aqueous solutions of inhibitors, and powdery or other forms of inhibitors capable of protecting the machine surfaces. 4.3.4.1.1 Protection by inhibito

39、r paper: constituent parts of machines may be completely wrapped in inhibitor paper with sufficient overlapping at joints. To protect the elements of heavy machines of complicated configuration with inhibitor paper, an additional outer protective layer such as PVC film, metallic foil, etc. may also

40、be used. 4.3.4.1.2 Alcohol or aqueous-alcohol solutions of vapour phase, inhibitors or powdery inhibitors can be applied to preserve closed cavities which need to be airtight in the course of operation.BS6197:1985 BSI 11-1999 3 After treating with inhibitor solutions, excess solution shall be remove

41、d and the machine or its elements dried until the inhibitor crystallizes on the preserved surfaces. All ports and cavities shall be covered with inhibitor paper or glued with an adhesive polymer film and sealed. 4.3.4.2 Preservation with oil or dope coatings 4.3.4.2.1 Preservation of outer surfaces

42、with an oil coating shall be carried out by dipping, spraying or other suitable method. After the outer surfaces have been treated with oil, excess oil shall be allowed to drain away. 4.3.4.2.2 Preservation of inner surfaces shall be carried out by pouring oil into the cavities and subsequently rota

43、ting the corresponding moving parts of the machine, or by pumping oil into the system to be preserved, or by any other suitable means of applying the preserving oil. In this process, care should be taken that a uniform film of oil is applied to all surfaces being treated. Excess oil shall be allowed

44、 to drain away. 4.3.4.2.3 Inner surfaces of hydraulic systems operating on inhibited hydraulic fluids shall be preserved by filling these systems with the appropriate operating fluids. 4.3.4.2.4 Preservative dopes in molten state or dissolved in white spirit shall be applied to the machine surfaces

45、by spraying, coating or other suitable means which ensure the required quality of preservation. 4.3.4.2.5 Any defect detected in the preservative coating shall be eliminated by applying the same oil or dope. 4.3.4.3 Application of inhibitor polymer dopes on machine surfaces can be carried out by any

46、 suitable method which ensures a uniform coating without any discontinuities or inclusions. 4.3.4.4 To protect against the influence of the sun, rubber elements shall be preserved by coating with light-proof compounds by means of a brush or by spraying or any other suitable method which ensures the

47、required quality of preservation. 4.3.5 Other suitable preservation methods can also be practised, or a combination of two or more preservation methods applied, provided such a procedure does not cause damage to the machine. 4.3.6 Preservatives may be removed by one of the methods recommended inTabl

48、e 1 or by any other suitable method which does not cause damage to, or detract from, the external appearance of the machine. Table 1 Methods recommended for removal of preservatives 4.4 Packaging 4.4.1 Packaging is classified into protective and transport packing. 4.4.2 Protective packing is carried

49、 out to prevent or to inhibit penetration of moisture or corrosive gases, to delay diffusion of inhibitor vapours into outer space and to retain the inhibitor oil or dope on the machine surfaces, and to protect the machine against termites and rodents in the course of transportation or during storage. 4.4.2.1 The material and the type of protective packing shall be chosen depending on the preservative applied, storage duration and transportation conditions. Packing materials recommended are waterproof paper, film, and sealing compounds. 4.4.2.2 Partial packing can