BS 6765-4-1987 Leisure accommodation vehicles - Caravans - Specification for undergear《休闲式房车 大篷车 第4部分 下部齿轮规范》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 6765-4:1987 Incorporating Amendment Nos. 1 and 2 Leisure accommodation vehicles: caravans Part 4: Specification for undergear ICS 43.040.50; 43.100 BS 6765-4:1987 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Automobile Standards Committee, was published

2、under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 27 February 1987 BSI 24 November 2004 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference AUE/8 Draft for comment 83/77473 DC ISBN 0 580 15723 7 Committees responsible for this British Standard The pre

3、paration of this British Standard was entrusted by the Automobile Standards Committee (AUE/-) to Technical Committee AUE/8, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Trailer Manufacturers British Compressed Air Society Caravan Club Chief and Assistant Chief Fire Officers Assoc

4、iation Consumer Standards Advisory Committee of BSI Department of Trade and Industry (Vehicle Division) Department of Transport (Highways) National Caravan Council Limited Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Limited Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue Comments 6217 Apri

5、l 1990 14891 24 November 2004 Indicated by a sideline in the marginBS 6765-4:1987 BSI 24 November 2004 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1S c o p e 1 2 Definitions 1 3 Braking systems 1 4 Coupling head and overrun device 1 5 Suspension units and tyres 2 6 Chassis

6、and drawbars 2 7W h e e l r e m o v a l 3 8J o c k e y w h e e l ( s ) 3 9 Minimum ground clearance 3 10 Approach and departure angles 3 11 Information required for Users Handbook 4 Appendix A Users Handbook 5 Figure 1 Ground clearance 2 Figure 2 Approach and departure angles 4 Publications referred

7、 to 7BS 6765-4:1987 ii BSI 24 November 2004 Foreword This Part of BS 6765 has been prepared under the direction of the Automobile Standards Committee, and supersedes Clause 6 of BS 4626:1970, which has been withdrawn by amendment. Other Parts of BS 6765 are: Part 1: Specification for habitation requ

8、irements 1) ; Part 2: Specification for construction 1) ; Part 3: Specification for extra low voltage installation 1) . This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does

9、not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 7 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Sidelining in this docu

10、ment indicates the most recent changes by amendment. 1) In preparation.BS 6765-4:1987 BSI 24 November 2004 1 1 Scope This Part of BS 6765 relates to touring trailer caravans, herein after referred to as caravans, up to a maximum manufacturers total mass of 2 000 kg, and specifies requirements for th

11、e chassis, including its attachment to the towing vehicle, drawbars, braking systems, suspensions, wheels and tyres, jockey wheels and ground clearance. NOTE 1 Caravans used in the UK are limited by legislation to a maximum speed as given in the Road Vehicles (Variation in speed limits) Regulations

12、1986, but it should be recognized that in some countries the maximum permitted speed may be greater. For this reason the Users Handbook should specify the maximum speed at which the caravan may be towed, taking account of chassis strength, the fitting of tyres suitable for higher speeds and braking.

13、 NOTE 2 The titles of publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purpose of this Part of BS 6765, the definitions given in BS 5264 and BS AU 192 apply together with the following. 2.1 centre part that part contained between two planes paralle

14、l to and equidistant from the longitudinal median plane of the caravan and separated by a distance that is 80 % of the least distance between points of the inner edges of the wheels on any one axle (See Figure 1.) 3 Braking systems Every caravan shall be equipped with an efficient and reliable braki

15、ng system. NOTE It is a statutory requirement that the braking system comply with the relevant requirements of the Road Vehicle Construction and Use Regulations as amended which specify Directive 71/320 EEC 2)as amended or ECE Regulation 13 3)as amended. 4 Coupling head and overrun device 4.1 Overru

16、n devices for caravans shall be mounted in accordance with BS AU 190. 4.2 The coupling head shall be suitable for use with the coupling ball specified in BS AU 113c. The height to the theoretical centre line of an engaged coupling ball in the coupling head shall be 430 35 mm from level ground with t

17、he floor of the caravan horizontal at the maximum manufacturers total mass. 4.3 When engaged, the coupling shall lock automatically and shall include a secondary locking device such that manual release is necessary before the coupling can be separated. 2) 71/320/EEC “Braking devices of certain categ

18、ories of motor vehicles and of their trailers”. Available from HMSO. 3) ECE Regulation 13. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to braking. Available from HMSO.BS 6765-4:1987 2 BSI 24 November 2004 5 Suspension units and tyres 5.1 All moving parts requiring lubrication

19、shall either be provided with self-lubricating bearings or be capable of lubrication and their lubrication points shall be accessible. 5.2 Every caravan shall be designed to ensure that all the road wheels remain in contact with the road surface under normal operating conditions. 5.3 Tyre sizes, ply

20、 ratings and wheel rim profiles shall comply with BS AU 50. They shall be determined on the basis of a speed capability of not less than 100 km/h and a load capacity equivalent to not less than the proportion of the maximum manufacturers total mass borne by the axle(s). NOTE 1 BS AU 50-1 covers tyre

21、 loading and inflation pressures and BS AU 50-2.8 covers selection and care of wheels. NOTE 2 Suspension units should incorporate a means of damping out resonance. 6 Chassis and drawbars 6.1 The chassis, including the body where applicable, suspension and wheels on each side of the undergear shall b

22、e capable of supporting not less than 50 % of the maximum manufacturers total mass plus the additional loads arising from cornering, braking and manoeuvring, etc. at a speed not less than that used in determining the specification of the tyres. 6.2 Provisions shall be made in the chassis for the att

23、achment of the body/floor compatible with the maximum manufacturers total mass of the caravan under normal operating conditions. 6.3 The chassis manufacturer shall provide in writing recommendations in respect of strength and positioning of fixing arrangements for the attachment of the caravan body

24、to the chassis. Figure 1 Ground clearanceBS 6765-4:1987 BSI 24 November 2004 3 6.4 Precautions shall be taken to inhibit corrosion which could lead to structural deterioration. Iron and steel components exposed to the weather shall be galvanized or metal sprayed or, if they are to be protected by a

25、paint system, shall be treated with at least one coat of primer whose pigment shall be in accordance with C.1 of BS 5493:1977. Where a greater degree of protection is required for known degrees and duration of exposure, as described in Table 1 and Table 3 of BS 5493:1977, the protection provided sha

26、ll be in accordance with BS 5493. The category of exposure and the duration for which protection is provided shall be stated in the Users Handbook. Where bimetallic corrosion is likely, the contact faces of dissimilar metals shall be electrically insulated from one another, or sealed against the ing

27、ress of moisture. NOTE For information on bimetallic corrosion see PD 6484. 6.5 Steel drawbars shall be designed in accordance with BS AU 210-1. Drawbars made from other materials, e.g. aluminium, shall offer comparable characteristics in relation to fatigue life, etc. NOTE The selection of stabiliz

28、ers will be covered by a British Standard which is in preparation. 7 Wheel removal 7.1 A wheel brace suitable for removing and tightening wheel nuts shall be supplied with the caravan. 7.2 A jacking point shall be provided on each side of the caravan to permit each road wheel to be raised off the gr

29、ound at the maximum manufacturers total mass without damage to the chassis or the caravan structure. 8 Jockey wheel(s) Every caravan shall be fitted with a retractable jockey wheel. The manufacturer shall specify the maximum permissible nose load. The jockey wheel and its clamping mechanism shall be

30、 capable of sustaining at least twice this value. 9 Minimum ground clearance The distance between the ground and the lowest point of the centre part of the caravan from front to rear shall be a minimum of 150 mm with the caravan at the maximum manufacturers total mass and with the floor horizontal.

31、10 Approach and departure angles With the caravan at its maximum manufacturers total mass with its floor horizontal, the angle between the horizontal and a line drawn from the lowest point of any integral or rigidly attached part of the caravan: a) in front of the axle to the front point of contact

32、with the ground of the statically loaded tyres, shall be not less than 3 (see Figure 2); and b) to the rear point of contact with the ground of the statically loaded tyres, shall be not less than 7 (see Figure 2). For tandem or close coupled axles the apex of the angle shall be the front, or rear, p

33、oint of contact with the ground of the statically loaded front or rear tyres as applicable to the measurement being taken.BS 6765-4:1987 4 BSI 24 November 2004 11 Information required for Users Handbook 11.1 The Users Handbook shall contain information on the items listed in Appendix A. 11.2 The cha

34、ssis manufacturer shall supply information to the caravan manufacturer covering the items in a) to h) for inclusion in the Users Handbook. a) The location of the lubrication points, their maintenance periods and the type of lubricant required. b) Servicing instructions for the braking system. c) The

35、 maximum permitted mass for which the undergear is designed. d) The maximum towing speed that the undergear can withstand when fitted to the caravan body for which it is designed, taking account of the tyres fitted and the braking system. e) The required tyre size and inflation pressure. f) The corr

36、ect torque for tightening the wheel nuts. g) The position of the jacking points and the type of jack to be used. h) The maximum mass that the jockey wheel and its clamping mechanism are capable of withstanding. Figure 2 Approach and departure anglesBS 6765-4:1987 BSI 24 November 2004 5 Appendix A Us

37、ers Handbook The Users Handbook shall contain information on the following items: a) the maximum laden weight (MLW) of the caravan and a warning that this is not to be exceeded; b) advice that, when correctly loaded as in c), and at its MLW, the caravan is not designed to be towed at more than x mph

38、 and a table giving details of recommended tyre pressures and permitted maximum laden weights for speeds up to 100 km/h and 130 km/h; NOTE The maximum speed permitted in the UK when towing a caravan is 60 mph (96.5 km/h). c) advice on the distribution of the weight of equipment and personal effects

39、in the caravan so that: 1) a positive load is achieved at the towing coupling not exceeding the specific limits; 2) heavy items are loaded low down on or near the floor and mainly over, or in front of, the axles; 3) each caravan wheel carries approximately the same weight; d) the maximum vertical st

40、atic load for the coupling head and a warning that this or the maximum vertical load on the towing ball specified for the towing vehicle, whichever is the least, is not to be exceeded; e) in the case of uncompensated twin axle caravans, a warning that the towing bracket manufacturer should be consul

41、ted before towing; f) the recommended attachment of safety cable or chain to towing vehicle and caravan; g) a warning that the caravan dealer should be consulted if additional equipment is to be fitted, e.g. water tank, spare wheel carrier, as strong points may or may not be provided in the design;

42、h) a warning that holes for fitting additional devices, e.g. stabilizers, should not be made in coupling heads without approval from the coupling head manufacturer; i) advice on where and where not to drill drawbars for mounting stabilizers, and any precautions which need to be taken; j) the positio

43、n of jacking points and the type of jack required; k) the procedure for changing a wheel including advice on: i) checking wheels for damage or distortion on a regular basis; ii) ensuring that the correct wheel fixings are used; iii) the necessity for ensuring clean and dry mating surfaces and clean

44、and dry bolt/nut seating areas; iv) the recommended sequence for tightening wheel nuts/bolts and the specified torque setting; v) the use of an approved wheel brace (not corner steady brace), in order to achieve the specified torque; vi) the necessity to check the torque of wheel nuts/bolts after ap

45、proximately 15 miles running subsequent to a wheel removal and replacement; l) advice on the rotation of tyres to reduce uneven tyre wear, if applicable; m) a warning that if a wheel, or a tyre fitted to a wheel, has to be changed the replacement has to be of the same type of construction and size;

46、n) advice on how to operate the handbrake correctly when the caravan is facing uphill; o) a warning that in certain conditions the overrun device may operate and apply the brakes when reversing up a slope, and advice on how to avoid this; p) a warning that care has to be taken to prevent fouling whe

47、n traversing ramps or other ground obstacles; q) recommendations for periodic inspection and maintenance of the undergear, including the brakes, chassis frame, suspension, coupling head, wheels and tyres.6 blankBS 6765-4:1987 BSI 24 November 2004 7 Publications referred to BS 5264, Glossary of carav

48、an terms. BS 5493, Code of practice for protective coating of iron and steel structures against corrosion. BS 6765, Leisure accommodation vehicles: caravans Part 1: Specification for habitation requirements. 4)5) BS 6765-2, Leisure accommodation vehicles: caravans Part 2: Specification for construct

49、ion. 4)5) BS 6765-3, Leisure accommodation vehicles: caravans Part 3: Specification for extra low voltage installation. 4)5) BS AU 50, Tyres and wheels Part 1: Tyres. BS AU 50-2, Tyres and wheels Part 2: Wheels and rims. BS AU 50-2.8, Code of practice for the selection and care of wheels for passenger cars (including caravans and trailers). BS AU 113, Dimensional characteristics of coupling ball for caravans and light trailers. BS AU 190, Specificat