BS 7000-4-2013 Design management systems Guide to managing design in construction《设计管理系统 建筑设计管理指南》.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS 7000-4:2013Incorporating Corrigenda Nos. 1 and 2Design managementsystemsPart 4: Guide to managing design inconstructionPublishing and copyright informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the documentwas last issued. The British Standards

2、 Institution 2014Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 88382 8ICS 03.100.01; 91.020The following BSI references relate to the work on this document:Committee reference B/555Draft for comment 12/30240618 DCPublication historyFirst edition April 1996Second (present) edition, December 2

3、013Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedJanuary 2014 Correction to Figure 1October 2014 See ForewordBS 7000-4:2013 BRITISH STANDARDContentsForeword iii0 Introduction 1Section 1: General 71 Scope 72 Normative references 73 Terms and definitions 7Section 2: Framework for design managem

4、ent 94 General 95 Formation and management of the design team 96 Responsibilities 97 Establishing the brief 138 Project plan 149 Process plan 1510 Programming 1911 Classification 1912 Project communications 2013 Costs to the client/employer 21Section 3: Design resource management 2314 Staff resource

5、 2315 Innovation and value management (VM) 2316 Technical information 2417 Manual, CAD and BIM production 2418 Records management 2419 Technical equipment 2520 Procuring design, surveying and other related services 2521 Extracting data requirements 2622 Intellectual property and copyright 26Section

6、4: Design process management 2823 General 2824 Pre-commission review 2825 Design brief 2926 Design stages 3127 Progress validation 3228 Design data control 3229 Design during construction 3330 Monitoring during construction 3331 Testing 3432 Completion 3433 Post occupancy 3534 Design management appr

7、aisal 35Bibliography 36List of figuresFigure 1 Maturity model showing standards and guidance applicable 2Figure 2 Procurement as defined in BS 8534 3Figure 3 Roles and responsibilities in the management of design (adapted fromPAS 1192-2) 5Figure 4 CIC Scope of Services 4 as a high level process plan

8、 set against otherindustry process plans 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 16Figure 5 The information delivery cycle 18BRITISH STANDARD BS 7000-4:2013 The British Standards Institution 2014 iList of tablesTable 1 Functions and titles used in BS 7000-4 4Table 2 Checklist for management responsibilities 11Table3Value man

9、agement 23Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv,pages 1 to 38, an inside back cover and a back cover.BRITISH STANDARDBS 7000-4:2013ii The British Standards Institution 2014ForewordPublishing informationThis British Standard is published by BSI St

10、andards Limited, under licence fromThe British Standards Institution, and came into effect on 31 December 2013. Itwas prepared by Technical Committee B/555, Construction design, modelling anddata exchange. A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secreta

11、ry.SupersessionThis British Standard supersedes BS 7000-4:1996, which is withdrawn.Information about this documentText introduced or altered by Corrigenda Nos. 1 and 2 is indicated in the text bytagsand. Minor editorial corrections are not tagged.Relationship with other publicationsThis part of BS 7

12、000 relies significantly on methods and processes described inBS 1192, PAS 1192-2, and BIP 22071.Use of this documentAs a guide, this British Standard takes the form of guidance andrecommendations. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification or a codeof practice and claims of compliance ca

13、nnot be made to it.Presentational conventionsThe guidance in this standard is presented in roman (i.e. upright) type. Anyrecommendations are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliaryverb is “should”.Commentary, explanation and general informative material is presented insmaller italic

14、type, and does not constitute a normative element.Contractual and legal considerationsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legalobligati

15、ons.BRITISH STANDARD BS 7000-4:2013 The British Standards Institution 2014 iiiBRITISH STANDARDBS 7000-4:2013This page deliberately left blankiv The British Standards Institution 20140 Introduction0.1 GeneralThe aim of the design process is to provide information that enables a project tobe completed

16、 in a manner that satisfies client requirements. These requirementsmight include the provision of information useful to the period of operation ofthe building/facility. The manner of that provision might be in the form of aBuilding Information Model (BIM)1).The client could be a user, owner occupier

17、, investor or construction contractor.The role is sometimes described as employer, emphasizing the financialrelationship and the authority and control that this position carries.0.2 Collaborative workingThe introduction of new technologies, in particular BIM, brings with it a greaterimperative for o

18、perating a collaborative design process across the recognizeddesign disciplines and incorporating economic and process considerations. Thisincreases the need for greater rigor in the management of that process, and forthe application of appropriate measures and techniques. The benefits of truecollab

19、orative working have been known for many years, but it has struggled togain favour due to perceived liability/financial risks involved in theinterdependencies necessary to operate in this way. A properly managed processminimizes these risks significantly. A part of that process is placing any residu

20、alrisk with those best placed to resolve it in a properly managed environment.Construction agreements do not generally prescribe management processes butthe application of good processes is expected and accommodated withinstandard and conventional contract forms. This British Standard seeks to provi

21、deguidance that is appropriate for a wide range of procurement routes/choicesand the agreements that support them; and for the application of technology atlevels 0, 1 and 2 of the Bew/Richards maturity model (Figure 1) for theapplication of CAD and BIM technology. The guidance is also generallyappro

22、priate where primarily manual or a mix of manual and computer draftingmethods are used.0.3 The influence of new technologiesThe speed of uptake of new technologies in the construction and relatedindustries is increasing, and advanced CAD and BIM systems are becoming morewidely adopted. Figure 1 show

23、s a model against which this British Standardassists in the implementation of Building Information Modelling andManagement BIM(M). The purpose of the levels is to categorize types oftechnical and collaborative working to enable a concise description andunderstanding of the processes, tools and techn

24、iques to be used.The levels are as follows. Level 0, CAD: usually 2D with paper or electronic paper, e.g. PDF, as themost likely data exchange mechanism. Management is likely to be postdesign coordination requiring the resolution of discrepancies rather thancollaboration. Level 1, Managed CAD: in 2D

25、 or 3D format using BS 1192, with acollaboration tool providing a common data environment, possibly somestandard data structures and formats. Commercial data managed bystand-alone finance and cost management packages with no integration.1)The acronym BIM is used for all building activity including e

26、ngineering infrastructureworks such as road and railway construction.BRITISH STANDARD BS 7000-4:2013 The British Standards Institution 2014 1 Level 2, Managed: 3D environment held in separate discipline BIM toolswith attached data. Level 3: Fully open process and data integration enabled by IFC/IFD.

27、Managed using a collaborative model server.This British Standard is a part of a range of documents applicable to thedevelopments in the use of new technologies, and relates to levels 0, 1 and 2 ofthe maturity model (Figure 1). For the foreseeable future, any design orconstruction business is likely

28、to be operating at any or all of these levelsconcurrently, so this British Standard is equally applicable to all the levels.Within level 3, additional guidance is required, in particular to cover referencesto managing the process related to both capital and operational expenditureaspects. Within lev

29、el 3 those responsible for design management require agreater understanding of the function of thesystems.Figure 1 Maturity model showing standards and guidance applicableA)In preparation0.4 The effect of construction procurementConstruction procurement takes various forms, and BS 8534 givesrecommen

30、dations on the development within a public or private sectororganization of policies, strategies and procedures for the procurement ofconstruction in the built environment.Three basic aspects of design procurement are common to all methods ofconstruction procurement:BRITISH STANDARDBS 7000-4:20132 T

31、he British Standards Institution 2014 Clients/employers having a business need for construction requiring designthat leads to the creation of a project with an overall managementstructure within which design management operates. Design capability, provided by the construction industry, and oftendist

32、ributed among many organizations in the form of managed designfacilities providing design services referred to in this British Standard astasks. Client/employer requirements that are set out in an agreed brief that isrealized through various agreements.This British Standard gives guidance on achievi

33、ng a managed design, theobjective of which is to fulfil the brief. It does not set this within any particularprocurement organizational frameworks.Figure 2 Procurement as defined in BS 8534Shading indicates aspects critical to the design process.0.5 Roles and responsibilities (see Figure 3)With the

34、increase in the use of BIM, the publication of PAS 1192-2 and the CICBIM Protocol 2 the role of Information Manager has been formalized(see Note 3 to Table 1).BRITISH STANDARD BS 7000-4:2013 The British Standards Institution 2014 3Table 1 Functions and titles used in BS 7000-4Function Functional tit

35、lesOverallTotal project delivery see Note 2(Information management seeNote 3)Project Lead: PL(Information Manager: IM)DesignTotal project design(Information management, design see Note 3)(Interface management, design seeNote 3)Design Lead: DL(Information Manager, Design: IMD)(Interface Manger, Desig

36、n: IfMD)Design tasks: DT1, DT2, DT3, etc. Task Team Managers: TTM1, TTM2,TTM3, etc.(Information management, taskdesign see Note 3)(Information Manager, Task Design:IMTDConstructionTotal Construction deliveryConstruction Lead: CL(Information management,construction see Note 3)(Information Manager, Co

37、nstruction:IMC)NOTE 1 The single point of responsibility for total project delivery can operate on eitherside of the construction arrangement. Most commonly this is on the supply side but forprocurement methods such as construction management it might be on the employerside. On small projects an ind

38、ividual might have several roles.NOTE 2 Depending upon the size and nature of the project, any of the positions in thistable might have an internal support team with various levels of formal, delineated andagreed delegations in place, for example related to particular zones of the total project.NOTE

39、 3 PAS 1192-2 and the CIC BIM Protocol 2 set out a specific function ofinformation management and role of Information Manager. This role can be undertakenby another member of the team, for example the Project Lead, with the scope of servicesincorporated into the appointment of that person. CIC has p

40、ublished a Scope of Services(CIC/INF MAN/S) 3 for the role of Information Manager the most significant feature ofwhich is that the Information Manager has no design responsibility or duties.PAS 1192-2 also introduces the function of interface management and role of InterfaceManager primarily respons

41、ible for spatial coordination particularly for issues that havecompromised the design process protocols and become flagged using clash rendition asclashes in the model.BRITISH STANDARDBS 7000-4:20134 The British Standards Institution 2014Figure3Rolesandresponsibilitiesinthemanagementofdesign(adapted

42、fromPAS1192-2)Taskteamsareanyteamassembledtocompleteatask(e.g.architicturaltaskteams,structuraltaskteam,multidisciplinarytaskteam)todesignaspecialistpartoftheprojectsuchasabespokecurtainwall.Thismightalsoincludecollaberationbetweenthespecialistandprofessionaldesignteam. Inaninfrastructureprojectther

43、emightberailorroadtaskteams,stationtaskteamsorbridgetaskteams.TheProjectLeadisresponsibletotheemployerfortotalprojectdelivery.Theplacingofthisroledependsontheprocurementmethodchosen.Forexample,inthecaseofdesignandconstruct“turnkey”contractsitistotheleftofthecontractline,andinthecaseofconstructionman

44、agementtotheright.BRITISH STANDARD BS 7000-4:2013 The British Standards Institution 2014 50.6 The effect of scaleFor large projects, divisions of managerial responsibility might be clearlyapparent and follow the pattern set out in Figure 3, deploying separate rolesand possibly teams to all of the fu

45、nctions listed in Table 1. Other related specificproject or organization roles requiring, for example, particular specialistknowledge might also be introduced. However as projects reduce in size and/orcomplexity, the distribution of responsibilities and functions reduce, eventuallyto the point where

46、 all project and design management is the responsibility ofone person working with design originators.BRITISH STANDARDBS 7000-4:20136 The British Standards Institution 2014Section 1: General1 ScopeThis part of BS 7000 gives guidance on management of the construction designprocess at all levels, for

47、all organizations and for all types of constructionprojects. The guidance given is applicable to purpose-built constructions,equipment and components. It is intended for those who work in and with theconstruction industry, particularly designers and those managing design. Wheregeneral management pri

48、nciples are given, they may be adapted to suit any sizeof design organization or construction project. The guidance given is applicableto management of design activities throughout the life-cycle of a constructionproject, and the principles of the facilities management function.This part of BS 7000

49、makes reference to, but does not cover activities prior toclient/employer initiation of a project or factors considered by clients/employerswhen selecting the most appropriate form of construction procurement.NOTE 1 Guidance on the design of manufactured products and services is given inBS 7000-2 and BS 7000-3 respectively.NOTE 2 This part of BS 7000 complements BS EN ISO 9001.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in thisdocument and are indispensa