BS 7114-1-1988 Fireworks - Classification of fireworks《烟火 第1部分 烟火分类》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 7114-1: 1988 Fireworks Part 1: Classification of fireworks UDC 541.427.3:620.261.3.001.33 (083.71):614.8BS7114-1:1988 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Chemicals Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and co

2、mes into effect on 30November1988 BSI 02-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference CIC/47 Draft for comment 86/51863 DC ISBN 0 580 17026 8 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the C

3、hemicals Standards Committee (CIC/-) to Technical Committee CIC/47, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Pyrotechnists Association British Toy and Hobby Manufacturers Association Ltd. Chief and Assistant Chief Fire Officers Association Child Accident Prevention Trust Confederati

4、on of British Industry Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Department of Trade and Industry (Consumer Safety Unit, CA Division) Health and Safety Executive Home Office Institute of Explosives Engineers Institute of Trading Standards Administration Loss Prevention Council National Association of Toy Dis

5、tributors National Association of Toy Retailers Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents Scout Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS7114-1:1988 BSI 02-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Definitions 1

6、 3 Classification 3 Appendix A Index to terms defined in clause2 6 Appendix B Explanatory notes on categories1,2 and3 6 Appendix C Information and guidance on the classification and marking of category4fireworks 6 Table 1 Category 1 fireworks 3 Table 2 Category 2 fireworks 4 Table 3 Category 3 firew

7、orks 5 Table 4 Category 4 fireworks 7 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS7114-1:1988 ii BSI 02-1999 Foreword This Part of BS7114 has been prepared under the direction of the Chemicals Standards Committee. BS7114 has been prepared in order to specify certain basic requirements for the constr

8、uction and performance of fireworks (as well as describing an associated classification system and methods of test) which will help to ensure that the risks of injury to users, onlookers and the public in general and of damage to property are minimized. It also includes requirements for labelling in

9、 order to encourage the proper use of fireworks. Prior to the publication of BS7114 there had been no comprehensive document published in the United Kingdom concerned with the quality of fireworks, although fireworks are subject to certain legislation, notably the Explosives Act1875 and the Firework

10、s Act1951, and to voluntary agreements between Government departments and the industry. BS 7114 is issued in three Parts as follows: Part 1: Classification of fireworks; Part 2: Specification for fireworks; Part 3: Methods of test for fireworks. The main purpose of this Part of BS7114 is to provide

11、the classification of fireworks which is used as the basis of the requirements specified in Part2 and the methods of test described in Part3. It also defines various terms which appear in one or more of the Parts of BS7114. Attention is drawn to the United Nations classification scheme, published in

12、 the “Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods”, in which products as packaged for transport are assigned to a class and division dependent on the hazard they present. Information and guidance on the classification and marking of fireworks which are outside the scopes of BS7114-2 and BS71

13、14-3 are given in Appendix C. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. In particul

14、ar, attention is drawn to the Explosives Act 1875 and Order in Council 15, the Explosives Act 1923, the Fireworks Act 1951, the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 and the Consumer Protection Act 1987. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,

15、 pages1 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on theinside front cover.BS7114-1:1988 BSI 02-1999 1 1 Scope This Part of BS7114 establishes a system for t

16、he classification of fireworks. It also defines various terms used in BS 7114. It is applicable to fireworks for consumer use or public display, both indoors and outdoors. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purpo

17、ses of BS 7114 the following definitions apply. NOTEAn alphabetical index to these terms is given inAppendix A. 2.1 firework a device containing explosive composition which, upon functioning, will burn and/or explode to produce a visual or aural effect, or a combination of such effects, intended as

18、a form of entertainment NOTESpecialized technical devices such as signal flares, military devices and many theatrical devices are excluded by this definition. 2.2 explosive composition a substance or mixture of substances which is designed, on ignition or initiation, to produce an aural and/or visua

19、l effect and/or to evolve gas 2.3 fuse a component of a firework which is intended to transmit ignition from one part of a firework to another, with or without a delay 2.4 initial fuse a fuse which is ignited in order to start the firework functioning 2.5 firework case a container which is designed

20、to retain all the explosive composition of a firework excluding the initial fuse 2.6 end closure a disc, plate, plug or crimp which is designed to seal one end of a firework case 2.7 pyrotechnic unit a discrete unit which is assembled into a firework case and which, upon functioning, will burn or ex

21、plode to produce a visual and/or aural effect as part of a combination of effects produced by the firework 2.8 propellant charge explosive composition which will burn to evolve gas which, in turn, is intended to propel the firework as a whole or to expel one or more pyrotechnic units without burstin

22、g the firework case 2.9 burster explosive composition which will burn to evolve gas which in turn is intended to burst open the firework case, in order to expel one or more pyrotechnic units 2.10 gunpowder explosive composition which is an intimate mixture of carbon and either potassium nitrate or s

23、odium nitrate, or a similar mixture also containing sulphur 2.11 net explosive content the mass of explosive composition in the firework 2.12 functioning point the position in the test area where the firework is placed at the beginning of a performance test 2.13 principal effect any of the effects l

24、isted in this Part of BS 7114 for the particular type of firework 2.14 first principal effect the principal effect of a firework which is the first actually to occur during the functioning of the firework 2.15 initial fuse burning burning which immediately follows ignition and precedes any other eff

25、ect 2.16 invisible burning burning occurring within the firework which is not visible to the person who ignited the fireworkBS7114-1:1988 2 BSI 02-1999 2.17 explosion a sudden release of energy accompanied by a flash and/or a report 2.18 debris any part of the firework which remains after the firewo

26、rk has finished functioning 2.19 communication the inadvertent ignition or initiation of one or more fireworks by another firework in the same package or strip 2.20 amorce a cap which comprises a paper envelope containing explosive composition and forms part of a roll 2.21 leading tape the section o

27、f a roll of amorces, at its outermost end, which does not contain any dots of explosive composition 2.22 plastics encapsulated cap a cap in which the explosive composition is completely enclosed in a plastics material 2.23 plastics cup type cap a cap which comprises a plastics cup containing explosi

28、ve composition with a sealing disc 2.24 composition length the length of the section of a sparkler wire which is coated with explosive composition 2.25 vertical droop the ratio of the distance by which the tip of a sparkler has been deflected from the horizontal, after the sparkler ceases to burn, t

29、o the composition length, expressed as a percentage 2.26 defect a fault or malfunction of a firework 2.27 critical defect a defect that judgement and experience indicate is likely to result in hazardous or unsafe conditions 2.28 major defect a defect, other than a critical defect, which is likely to

30、 result in failure, to reduce materially the usability of the firework, or to increase the potential hazard 2.29 minor defect a defect that is not likely to reduce materially the usability of the firework 2.30 defective a firework or a primary pack with one or more defects 2.31 critical defective a

31、defective with one or more critical defects, with or without major or minor defects 2.32 major defective a defective with one or more major defects, with or without minor defects, but with no critical defects 2.33 minor defective a defective with one or more minor defects, but with no critical defec

32、ts or major defects 2.34 acceptable quality level (AQL) the maximum percentage defective that, for purposes of sampling inspection, can be considered satisfactory as a process average 2.35 primary pack a package of fireworks of the same category and type, offered for retail sale as a single unit 2.3

33、6 selection pack a package of fireworks of more than one type, in one or more categories, offered for retail sale as a single unit NOTEA selection pack may contain primary packs as well as individual fireworks. 2.37 ancillary equipment any device which does not form part of a firework but which is s

34、upplied with the firework and is required in order that the firework may function correctly when used in accordance with the instructionsBS7114-1:1988 BSI 02-1999 3 2.38 rocket launcher a tube, frame or base from which a rocket may be launched 2.39 portfire a hand-held device containing slow-burning

35、 explosive composition which will emit a small flame 3 Classification Fireworks for sale to the general public are classified into the following three categories based on their intended use: Further explanation of categories1,2 and3 is given inAppendix B. Each of categories 1,2 and3 is divided into

36、several different types each of which produces a principal effect or combination of such effects, as described inTable 1 toTable 3. Fireworks which are incomplete and/or which are not intended for sale to the general public are classified as category4. NOTE 1Category4 fireworks are not covered in Pa

37、rt2 and Part3 of BS7114. However, some information and guidance on the further classification of category4 fireworks and on the marking of such fireworks are given inAppendix C. NOTE 2Category4 fireworks may be subject to particular legal requirements regarding acquisition, storage and use which are

38、 different from, or additional to, those which apply to categories1,2 and3. Further information may be obtained from the Health and Safety Executive, Explosives Unit, Magdalen House, Stanley Precinct, Bootle, Merseyside L203QZ. Table 1 Category 1 fireworks category 1 : fireworks suitable for use ins

39、ide domestic buildings; category 2 : fireworks suitable for outdoor use in relatively confined areas; category 3 : fireworks suitable for outdoor use in large open spaces. Type Type name Description Principal effect(s) 1A Cap Dot of impact-sensitive explosive composition contained in a nonmetallic e

40、nvelope Report 1B Smoke device Preformed shape of explosive composition or an integral container of explosive composition Emission of smoke 1C Party popper Hand-held device operated by a pull-string Ejection of streamers or confetti with a report 1D Table bomb Device operated by igniting a fuse Ejec

41、tion of streamers and/or novelties with a report 1E Throwdown A device containing an impact-sensitive explosive composition Report, when thrown 1F Novelty match Hand-held device ignited by friction Report and/or visual effect 1G Non-hand-held sparkler Wire partially coated with explosive composition

42、 and designed to be free-standing or to be fixed to a base Emission of sparks 1H Hand-held sparkler Wire coated along one end with explosive composition and designed to be held in the hand Emission of sparks 1J Cracker snap Two overlapping strips of card or paper with a friction-sensitive explosive

43、composition in sliding contact with an abrasive surface Report, when device is pulled apart 1K Serpent Preformed shape of explosive composition or an integral container of explosive composition Emission of expanded residueBS7114-1:1988 4 BSI 02-1999 Table 2 Category 2 fireworks Type Type name Descri

44、ption Principal effect(s) 2A Banger Single tube containing gunpowder Report 2B Fountain Single tube containing explosive composition Emission of sparks and flames, with aural effect other than report or without any aural effect 2C Roman Candle Single tube containing alternate pyrotechnic unit(s) and

45、 propellant charge(s) Ejection of a pyrotechnic unit, or several units in succession, producing a visual and/or aural effect, or a series of such effects, remote from the firework case 2D Mine Device fired on the ground, containing a single propellant charge and pyrotechnic units Ejection of all the

46、 pyrotechnic units in a single burst producing a widely dispersed visual and/or aural effect 2E Wheel Device which is designed to rotate about a fixed point Rotation, emission of sparks and flames, with or without aural effect 2F Rocket Self-propelled device, with stick(s) for stabilization of fligh

47、t Ascent, which can be followed by report and/or ejection of pyrotechnic units producing a visual and/or aural effect 2G Non-hand-held sparkler Wire partially coated with explosive composition and designed to be free-standing, or to be fixed to a support, or to be fixed in the ground Emission of spa

48、rks 2H Hand-held sparkler Wire coated along one end with explosive composition and designed to be held in the hand Emission of sparks 2X Combination Assembly including several elements each corresponding to one of the devices listed under2A to2G, in any combination, with a single point of ignition A

49、s for the individual elementsBS7114-1:1988 BSI 02-1999 5 Table 3 Category 3 fireworks Type Type name Description Principal effect(s) 3A Banger Single tube containing explosive composition Report 3B Fountain Single tube containing explosive composition Emission of sparks and flames, with aural effect other than report or without any aural effect 3C Roman Candle Single tube containing alternate pyrotechnic unit(s) and propellant charge(s) Ejection of a pyrotechnic unit, or several units in succession, producing a visual and/or aural effect, or a series of