1、BRITISH STANDARD BS7159:1989 Code of practice for Design and construction of glass reinforced plastics (GRP) piping systems for individual plants or sites UDC 66.026:621.644.07:621.643.2-036.5:678.067.5-462BS7159:1989 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Plastics Sta
2、ndardsPolicy Committee, waspublished under the authorityof the Board of BSIandcomes into effect on 31 October 1989 BSI 02-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PLM/9 Draft for comment 88/35803 DC ISBN 0 580 17499 9 Committees responsible for this
3、British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Plastics Standards Policy Committee (PLM/-) to Technical Committee PLM/9, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Board of Agrment British Gas plc British Plastics Federation British Plumbing Fittings Ma
4、nufacturers Association British Valve and Actuator Manufacturers Association Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Department of the Environment (Construction Industries Directorate) Department of the Environment (Property Services Agency) Department of Transport Electricit
5、y Supply Industry in England and Wales Engineering Equipment and Materials Users Association Health and Safety Executive Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Gas Engineers Institution of Production Engineers Institution of Water and Environmental Management (IWEM) National Association of Pl
6、umbing, Heating and Mechanical Services Contractors Plastics and Rubber Institute Plastics Land Drainage Manufacturers Association Royal Institute of Public Health and Hygiene Society of British Gas Industries Water Authorities Association Water Companies Association Water Research Centre The follow
7、ing bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: Association of Consulting Engineers Department of Trade and Industry (National Engineering Laboratory) Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors Institution of Mechanical Engineers Pipeline Industri
8、es Guild RAPRA Technology Ltd. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS7159:1989 BSI 02-2000 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword v Section 1. General 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Definitions 1 1.3 Abbreviations 1 1.4 Symbols 2 1.5 Information and requir
9、ements to be agreed and documented 4 Section 2. Design objectives and general recommendations 2.1 Basis of design 6 2.2 Sizes, dimensions and tolerances 6 Section 3. Materials 3.1 Thermosetting resin systems 8 3.2 Fibrous reinforcement 8 3.3 Surface tissues 8 3.4 Aggregates and fillers 8 3.5 Thermop
10、lastics liners 8 3.6 Cement for bonding spigot and socket joints 9 3.7 Non-metallic materials for potable water applications 9 Section 4. Mechanical properties and design stress or design strain 4.1 General 10 4.2 Mechanical properties 10 4.3 Design stress and design strain 11 4.4 Temperature of def
11、lection 14 Section 5. Design for pressure containment 5.1 General 16 5.2 Pressure ratings 16 5.3 Reference laminates 16 5.4 Determining reference laminates 17 5.5 Thickness of reference laminates 17 5.6 Identification of laminate construction 17 Section 6. Allowable vacuum rating for pipes made usin
12、g reference laminates 6.1 Determination of allowable vacuum 22 6.2 Increasing allowable external pressure 22 6.3 Stiffening rings 22 Section 7. Flexibility and stress analyses and factors 7.1 General 23 7.2 Calculation of temperature change for flexibility analysis 23 7.3 Stress analysis of flexible
13、 piping systems 24 7.4 Accommodation of expansion as longitudinal compressive strain 45 Section 8. General layout considerations 8.1 Thermal effects 47 8.2 Site joints 47 8.3 Isolation 47 8.4 Heat tracing 47 8.5 Nearby pipes 47 8.6 Vulnerability 47BS7159:1989 ii BSI 02-2000 Page 8.7 Transient vacuum
14、 conditions 47 8.8 Vibration 47 8.9 Fabrications 48 8.10 Conduction of electricity 48 8.11 Conduction of heat 48 8.12 Relationship between circumferential and longitudinal properties of straight pipe lengths 48 Section 9. Pipe supports and anchorages 9.1 General 49 9.2 Allowable loadings 49 9.3 Allo
15、wable deflection 49 9.4 Loading conditions 49 9.5 Support span calculations 49 9.6 Wind loads 50 Section 10. Methods of jointing 10.1 General requirements for laminated joints 51 10.2 Butt joints in unlined pipes 53 10.3 Butt joints in lined pipes 53 10.4 Spigot and socket joints in unlined pipes 53
16、 10.5 Spigot and socket joints in lined pipes 54 10.6 Flanged joints 54 10.7 Environmental conditions 55 Section 11. Quality assurance 11.1 General 60 11.2 Materials 60 11.3 Conditions in works 60 11.4 Conditions on site 60 11.5 Workmanship 60 11.6 Thermoplastics linings 60 11.7 Spark testing of wel
17、ds 61 11.8 Lay-up 61 11.9 Cure 62 11.10 Marking 62 11.11 Inspection 62 11.12 Testing 63 Appendix A Requirements for non-metallic materials for use in contact with potable water 64 Appendix B Determination of design strain from mechanical test data 64 Appendix C Notes on flexibility and stress analys
18、is 66 Appendix D Dimensional design details of fittings 69 Appendix E Non-destructive testing (NDT) 73 Appendix F Procedure approval tests 75 Appendix G Repair procedures 77 Appendix H Inspection 79 Appendix J Bibliography 79BS7159:1989 BSI 02-2000 iii Page Figure 2.1 Flow chart of design procedure
19、7 Figure 4.1 Unit modulus/winding angle 13 Figure 4.2 Variation of the Poisson ratio with winding angle for filament-wound pipe 13 Figure 4.3 Reduction of strain class ratings as a function of fatigue conditions in service 15 Figure 7.1 Types of bends and associated factors 26 Figure 7.2 Flexibility
20、 factors for smooth bends 27 Figure 7.3 Flexibility factors for mitred bends 28 Figure 7.4 In-plane longitudinal SIFs for smooth bends 29 Figure 7.5 In-plane longitudinal SIFs for mitred bends 30 Figure 7.6 In-plane circumferential SIFs for smooth bends 31 Figure 7.7 In-plane circumferential SIFs fo
21、r mitred bends 32 Figure 7.8 Out-of-plane longitudinal SIFs for smooth bends 33 Figure 7.9 Out-of-plane longitudinal SIFs for mitred bends 34 Figure 7.10 Out-of-plane circumferential SIFs for smooth bends 35 Figure 7.11 Out-of-plane circumferential SIFs for mitred bends 36 Figure 7.12 Types of tees
22、and associated factors 38 Figure 7.13 Stress intensification factors for tees 39 Figure 7.14 Details of moulded tees 40 Figure 7.15 Details of set-on or set-in tees 41 Figure 7.16 Pressure stress multipliers for tees 42 Figure 10.1 Butt joints 52 Figure 10.2 Flange construction 55 Figure D.1 Dimensi
23、ons of GRP pipe fittings 70 Figure D.2 Dimensions of non-preferred GRP flanged fittings 72 Table 4.1 Mechanical properties of laminate layers 10 Table 4.2 Types of laminate construction 10 Table 4.3 Strain class ratings 12 Table 4.4 Application of strain classifications to environmental conditions 1
24、2 Table 5.1 Reference laminates and their properties 17 Table 5.2 Reference laminates for construction of class 1 systems 18 Table 5.3 Reference laminates for construction of class 2 systems 19 Table 5.4 Reference laminates for construction of class 3 systems 20 Table 5.5 Reference laminates for con
25、struction of class 4 systems 21 Table 5.6 Permitted manufacturing tolerances for reference laminates for straight pipes 21 Table 10.1 Internal step 51 Table 10.2 Overlay lengths for butt joints 51 Table 10.3 Minimum socket depths 54 Table 10.4 Flange and bolt details for flanges to BS1560 Class 150
26、dimensions 1 1 / 2 to 24 56 Table 10.5 Flange and bolt details for flanges to BS3293 Class 150 dimensions 26 to 48 57 Table 10.6 Flange and bolt details for flanges to BS4504 Table 10 (PN 10) dimensions 1 1 / 2 to 24 58 Table 10.7 Flange and bolt details for flanges to BS4504 Table 10 (PN 10) dimens
27、ions 26 to 48 59BS7159:1989 iv BSI 02-2000 Page Table 11.1 Irregularities and limits thereon 63 Table D.1 Nominal dimensions for GRP pipe fittings 69 Table D.2 Nominal dimensions for non-preferred GRP flanged fittings 71 Table G.1 Repair procedures 77 Publications referred to 80BS7159:1989 BSI 02-20
28、00 v Foreword This British Standard Code of practice has been prepared under the direction of the Plastics Standards Policy Committee. It provides guidance for the design and construction of glass reinforced plastics (GRP) piping systems, within the boundaries of an individual site or adjacent sites
29、. It thus complements codes and specifications concerned with the design and construction of a) vessels and tanks in reinforced plastics in accordance with BS4994 and b) with the design and performance of individual pipes or fittings in accordance with BS6464, for use as components of process plants
30、. For the construction of GRP pipes and fittings for water supply or sewerage, attention is drawn to BS5480 and BS8005. For drainage, attention is drawn to BS8301, and for pipelines of GRP, BS8010-2.5 should be consulted. This first edition of this British Standard has been written as a code of prac
31、tice and its provisions are expressed throughout as recommendations. However, it is intended that upon review, after a period of use, a subsequent edition will emulate BS806 and BS4994 and take the form of a specification in which the majority of the provisions will be expressed as requirements. The
32、 objective of this code is to ensure that the design of GRP piping systems within its scope should provide for the most severe coincident conditions of temperature, pressure and loading. It is applicable to system components of polyester, epoxy or furane resin reinforced with drawn glass in the form
33、 of chopped strand mat and/or woven roving and/or wound filaments and with or without thermoplastic liners, in nominal sizes from25to1000in the metric series (see BS6464). However, at this time, the detailed contents reflect the greater body of experience with inch series components in nominal sizes
34、 up to48(1200) to which it is therefore also applicable. The code provides for design values for design strain to be determined in two ways: either according to the design temperature and the severity of the service environment in relation to the choice of resin, or as derived from experimental test
35、 data where the appropriate stress/environment/temperature combination can be simulated. The possible influences of corrosion and fatigue are considered and particular attention is paid to flexibility analysis. The code includes sections on general layout, supports and anchorages and joints and conc
36、ludes with guidance on quality assurance. Additional information provided in appendices includes the following. a) Reference to requirements applicable to plastics pipework components likely to come into contact with potable water. b) Methods of test for determination of the effects of relevant liqu
37、id environments, on resistance to long term hydrostatic pressure or to fatigue, which provide factors to be taken into account for purposes of stress analysis. c) Guidance on accommodation of pipework expansion and contraction. d) Nominal dimensions of lengths and radii to be assumed or specified fo
38、r fittings to enable the initial planning of pipework layouts. e) General guidance on non-destructive testing. f) Recommendations for procedure approval testing. g) Descriptions of various irregularities in pipe or fitting construction together with a classification of their respective significance
39、and recommended remedial procedure. h) Recommended stages of inspection for quality assurance purposes. j) A bibliography of related publications.BS7159:1989 vi BSI 02-2000 In selecting the symbols and units adopted for this standard, particular account has been taken of those established for use in
40、 respect of the specification and design of GRP pipes, fittings and vessels, primarily inBS6464 and BS4994 and, for similar design purposes, for ferrous piping installations in BS806. For some purposes, these complementary standards have selected differing conventions or options from one another. He
41、nce, to avoid assigning a multiplicity of meanings to the use of any individual symbols within this standard, it has been necessary to use for some parameters an alternative symbol or unit to that which may be found in a complementary or analogous standard. It has been assumed in the drafting of thi
42、s standard that the design of GRP piping systems is entrusted to qualified engineers and that the execution of their construction is carried out under the direction of appropriately qualified supervisors. WARNING NOTE. This code does not necessarily detail all precautions necessary to meet the requi
43、rements of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974. Attention should be paid to any appropriate regulations and safety precautions, for example concerning the execution of installations on site, and the procedures and test methods described should be operated only by trained personnel. A British
44、 Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front c
45、over, an inside front cover, pages i to vi, pages1to 80, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS7159:1989 BSI 02-2000 1 Section 1. G
46、eneral 1.1 Scope This code of practice gives recommendations for the design, fabrication, installation, testing and inspection of glass reinforced plastics (GRP) piping systems, with or without thermoplastics linings, within the boundaries of individual or associated sites for general chemical engin
47、eering purposes such as chemical plants, process plants, refineries, steam-raising units, storage and distribution depots and tank farms. It is particularly applicable to systems based on use of pipes having an internal diameter of25mm to1200mm or equivalent (nominal sizes25to1200) and intended for
48、use in the temperature range of 30Cto+110C and/or internal pressures of up to10bar in the case of pipes up to600mm internal diameter or up to6bar in the case of pipes having internal diameters greater than600mm. This code does not include recommendations specific to the particular needs of cross-cou
49、ntry pipelines outside the boundaries already described or of underground or under-water effluent or drainage systems, although general aspects of its guidance may be helpful where not in conflict with other codes of practice for such purposes. Additional information or guidance is provided in appendices concerning requirements for non-metallic materials for use in contact with potable water, determination of design strain, flexibility and stress analyses, design details
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