BS 7255-2012 Code of practice for safe working on lifts《在升降机上安全工作的操作规程》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS 7255:2012Code of practice for safeworking on liftsPublishing and copyright informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the documentwas last i

2、ssued. The British Standards Institution 2012Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 71704 8ICS 91.140.90The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:Committee reference MHE/4Draft for comment 11/30228478 DCPublication historyFirst published December 1989Second edit

3、ion, June 2001Third (present) edition, September 2012Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS 7255:2012 BRITISH STANDARDContentsForeword ii1 Scope 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions 24 Safety management: responsibilities of owners 55 Safety management: responsibilities o

4、f persons working on lifts 21AnnexesAnnex A (informative) Suggested improvements for consideration by the ownerfor safe working on older lifts 34Annex B (informative) Car top control stations (basic functions and enhancedimprovements) 35Annex C (informative) Typical safety signs 39Annex D (normative

5、) Electrical working 50Annex E (normative) Additional procedures for installation, major repair anddismantling: responsibilities of owners and persons working on lifts 52Annex F (informative) More than one person working 54Annex G (normative) Summary of procedures for working in a lift pit 55Bibliog

6、raphy 58List of figuresFigure 1 Examples of lift landing entrance barriers 16Figure 2 Example of door blocking device 29Figure B.1 Typical arrangement of basic layout for car top operating buttonsand switches 36Figure B.2 Typical arrangement of enhanced layout for car top operatingbuttons and switch

7、es 37Figure C.1 Safety sign for use on a landing when a lift is taken out ofservice 39Figure C.2 Safety sign for use on a machinery space or pulley room door 40Figure C.3 Safety sign for use on an inspection door or trap giving access to awell 41Figure C.4 Safety sign for use on a car top where redu

8、ced headroom exists 42Figure C.5 Safety sign for use on a car top on a lift installation with no safetygear or other means to prevent free fall 43Figure C.6 Safety sign for use on a car top unsuitable for carrying persons 44Figure C.7 Safety sign for use in a pit where the space below the car isrest

9、ricted 45Figure C.8 Safety sign for use in a pit with potential danger from a descendingcounterweight 46Figure C.9 Safety sign for use on a car top or other areas where a fall hazardexists 47Figure C.10 Safety sign for use in a pit of a positive drive (drum and hydraulic)lifts and where the space be

10、low the car is restricted 48Figure C.11 Safety sign for use on or near an access trap that gives access tomachinery 49List of tablesTable G.1 Summary of procedures for working in a pit 55Pit activity (AT) 0Person conducting activity and type of activity within pit 0Summary of pagesThis document comp

11、rises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv,pages 1 to 60, an inside back cover and a back cover.BRITISH STANDARD BS 7255:2012 The British Standards Institution 2012 iForewordPublishing informationThis British Standard is published by BSI Standards Limited, under licence fromThe Britis

12、h Standards Institution, and came into effect on 30 September 2012. Itwas prepared by Technical Committee MHE/4, Lifts, hoists and escalators. A listof organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request toits secretary.SupersessionThis British Standard supersedes BS 7255:2001, wh

13、ich is withdrawn.Relationship with other publicationsSince the withdrawal of HSE Guidance Note PM 26 1, BS 7255 can beconsidered as best practice in the absence of other HSE guidance.Information about this documentThis is a full revision of the standard, and introduces the following principalchanges

14、:a) updates to accommodate new legislation;b) revisions to accommodate new and revised standards published since 2001;c) the inclusion of improved safety procedures for working in a lift pit;d) the inclusion of information on occasions where there is more than oneperson working;e) information on wor

15、king on machine-room-less lift installationsf) the inclusion of recommendations for electrical working.The standard is supported by the following annexes:1) Annex A describes suggested improvements for the owner for safe workingon older lifts;2) Annex B describes car top control stations;3) Annex C

16、shows some typical safety signs;4) Annex D describes electrical working;5) Annex E describes additional procedures for installation, major repair anddismantling;6) Annex F describes situations where there is more than one person working;7) Annex G gives procedures for working in a pit.Use of this do

17、cumentAs a code of practice, this British Standard takes the form of guidance andrecommendations. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification andparticular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are notmisleading.Any user claiming compliance with this British Standard is

18、expected to be able tojustify any course of action that deviates from its recommendations.It has been assumed in the preparation of this British Standard that theexecution of its provisions will be entrusted to appropriately qualified andexperienced people, for whose use it has been produced.BRITISH

19、 STANDARDBS 7255:2012ii The British Standards Institution 2012Presentational conventionsThe provisions in this standard are presented in roman (i.e. upright) type. Itsrecommendations are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliaryverb is “should”.Commentary, explanation and general infor

20、mative material is presented insmaller italic type, and does not constitute a normative element.Contractual and legal considerationsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Stan

21、dard cannot confer immunity from legalobligations.BRITISH STANDARD BS 7255:2012 The British Standards Institution 2012 iiiBRITISH STANDARDBS 7255:2012This page deliberately left blankiv The British Standards Institution 20121 ScopeThis British Standard gives recommendations for safe working practice

22、s(supported by training) for: owners of permanently installed lifts serving defined landing levels; persons having effective control of the premises where such lifts areinstalled; persons responsible for, and involved in, the design, installation, thoroughexamination, inspection, testing, service, m

23、aintenance, repair anddismantling of such lifts.This British Standard gives recommendations for the safety of persons whengaining access to and from the work area on a lift installation and whileworking there. The recommendations also relate to the safety of others presentin the vicinity, whether th

24、ey are working or not, who could be endangered bythe actions of those working on lifts.NOTE Hazards in work areas might vary, i.e. occupied/unoccupied buildings,premises being refurbished, construction sites and industrial environments.This British Standard is applicable to persons working on all ty

25、pes of lift,however, not every recommendation is applicable for all types of lift that arecovered by British Standards.For lifts that have been designed and installed in accordance with the LiftsRegulations 1997 2, the recommendations that might affect product design donot apply.This British Standar

26、d does not cover stair lifts and other lifting appliances suchas paternosters, mine lifts, access lifts to workplaces, theatrical lifts, applianceswith automatic caging, skips, lifts and hoists for construction sites, ships hoists,platforms for exploration or drilling at sea, construction and mainte

27、nanceappliances, although it may be taken as a useful guide.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in thisdocument and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, onlythe edition cited applies. For undated references, the lates

28、t edition of thereferenced document (including any amendments) applies.BS 921, Specification rubber mats for electrical purposesBS 5655-6:2011, Lifts and service lifts Part 6: Code of practice for the selection,installations and location of new liftsBS 7375, Distribution of electricity on constructi

29、on and demolition sites Code of practiceBS 7671:2008+A1:2011, Requirements for electrical installations IET WiringRegulations Seventeenth EditionBS 9999, Code of practice for fire safety in the design, management and use ofbuildingsBS EN 81-80, Safety rules for the construction and installation of l

30、ifts Existinglifts Part 80: Rules for the improvement of safety of existing passenger andgoods passenger liftsBS EN 60204-1:2006+A1:2009, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment ofmachines Part 1: General requirementsBS ISO 7010, Graphical symbols Safety colours and safety signs Registeredsafety si

31、gnsBRITISH STANDARD BS 7255:2012 The British Standards Institution 2012 1BS ISO 14798, Lifts (elevators), escalators and moving walks Risk assessmentand reduction methodologyOther publicationsN1IET, Guidance Note 3: Inspection and testing. Stevenage: IET Publications,2011. ISBN: 978 1 84919 275 0.3

32、Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this British Standard the following terms and definitionsapply.3.1 authorized personperson given authority and responsible for ensuring that specific plant andequipment are safe for the intended work to be undertaken; or a person,authorized to perform work or

33、 particular tasks, who has undergone relevanttraining, is suitably instructed in the particular task and has sufficient knowledgeand experience of the relevant plant, to enable them to recognize potentialdangers of the plant and adequately manage any identified hazards3.2 carrier (car)part of a lift

34、 that carries passengers and/or other loadsNOTE The term carrier is now used in the Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regulations2008 3.3.3 CDM coordinatorperson who advises and assists the client to coordinate health and safety aspectsof a projectNOTE The CDM coordinator is also the duty holder under th

35、e Construction(Design and Management) (CDM) Regulations 2007 4.3.4 competent personperson, suitably trained and qualified by knowledge and practical experience,and provided with the necessary instructions, to enable the required work to becarried out safely3.5 construction site (CDM)any place where

36、construction work is being carried out or to which the workershave access, but does not include a workplace within it that is set aside forpurposes other than construction work3.6 contractorperson (including a client, principal contractor, lift contractor) who carries out ormanages construction work

37、NOTE The contractor is also the duty holder under the CDM Regulations 2007 4.3.7 isolator switchswitch that isolates the electrical supply to a lift on all “live” conductorsNOTE On some installations the electrical supplies to some of the following maynot be disconnected by turning off the isolator

38、switch:a) car lighting or ventilation (if any);b) socket outlet on the car roof;c) lighting in the machinery space and any pulley room;d) socket outlet(s) in the machinery space and any pulley room;BRITISH STANDARDBS 7255:20122 The British Standards Institution 2012e) lighting in the well;f) socket

39、outlet in the pit;g) alarm and communication device;h) group interconnections;i) supply to any emergency electrical operation equipment.3.8 liftpermanent lifting equipment, comprising a guided carrier, serving definedlanding levels and designed for the transportation of persons and/or goodsirrespect

40、ive of speedNOTE 1 This definition is not in line with the Supply of Machinery (Safety)Regulations 2008 3 or Lift Regulations 1997 2 definition of lifts but is relevant tothis British Standard.NOTE 2 See Clause 1 for lifts that are not covered by this British Standard.3.9 lift contractorparty that i

41、s contracted to supply, install, modernize, repair, service, or dismantlea lift3.10 lift entrancecomplete landing door assembly, together with its surround3.11 lift landingspace at the entrance to a lift at any defined level to permit the manoeuvring,boarding and alighting of persons and/or goods3.1

42、2 lift machineunit, including the motor, which drives and stops a lift3.13 lift maintenancetasks involving the inspection, cleaning, lubrications, minor adjustment and smallrepair works not covered by the CDM Regulations 2007 43.14 lock-off devicedevice to prevent unauthorized reconnection of electr

43、ical energyNOTE This is often a padlock that prevents movement of the operating handle ofthe isolator switch.3.15 machinery spacespace(s) inside or outside of the well where the machinery, as a whole or inparts, is placed3.16 multiple installationnumber of lifts installed in separate or common wells

44、 and/or sharing a commonmachinery space3.17 observation liftlift that provides a panoramic outlookNOTE The well for such a lift can be partially enclosed.3.18 ownerlegal entity having right of possession of a lift and responsibility for its safeworkingBRITISH STANDARD BS 7255:2012 The British Standa

45、rds Institution 2012 3NOTE The owner is usually the landlord or proprietor of the building in which a liftis situated. The person having responsibility for the lift on a day-to-day basis is likelyto be the building occupier.3.19 passengerperson transported within the car3.20 permit to workauthority

46、in writing that includes details of:a) work to be undertaken;b) procedures involved;c) precautions needed;d) emergency procedures to be in place;e) persons to undertake the work;f) timescale of the work to be undertaken;g) restrictions on the workplace or equipment3.21 pitpart of a well situated bel

47、ow the lowest landing served by a car3.22 positive drive liftlift (includes hydraulic and drum drive) suspended by chains or ropes and drivenby means other than friction3.23 pulley roomroom, not containing a lift machine, in which pulleys are locatedNOTE This room can also contain other equipment, s

48、uch as the overspeedgovernor(s) and electrical equipment associated with a lift.3.24 rated loadload which the equipment has been designed to carry3.25 risk assessmentcomprehensive estimation of the probability and the degree of possible injury ordamage to health or property, in order to identify app

49、ropriate mitigatingmeasures3.26 safe system of workformal procedure, resulting from a risk assessment, which specifies safe methodsof work to ensure that relevant hazards to the task being undertaken areeliminated and the remaining risks are minimized3.27 userperson making use of the services of a lift installationNOTE A user is not necessarily the same as a passenger.3.28 wellspace in which the car, the counterweight or the balancing weight travelsNOTE This space is normally bounded by the bot