1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 7307-2: 1990 ISO 7976-2: 1989 Building tolerances Measurement of buildings and building products Part 2: Position of measuring pointsBS7307-2:1990 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Basic Data and Performance Criteria for Civil Engineering and
2、Building Structures Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 28 September 1990 BSI 07-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference BDB/4 Draft for comment 87/10027 DC ISBN 0 580 18491 9 Co
3、mmittees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Basic Data and Performance Criteria for Civil Engineering and Building Structures Standards Policy Committee (BDB/-) to Technical Committee BDB/4, upon which the following bodies were represe
4、nted: Association of County Councils British Standards Society Building Employers Confederation Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers Concrete Society Department of Education and Science Department of the Environment (Property Services Agency) Department of the Environment (Building R
5、esearch Establishment) Incorporated Association of Architects and Surveyors Institute of Building Control Institute of Clerks of Works of Great Britain Inc. Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Structural Engineers Institution of Water and Environmental Management Royal Institute of British
6、 Architects Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors The following body was also represented in the drafting of the standard, through sub-committees and panels: Chartered Institute of Building Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentBS7307-2:1990 BSI 07-1999 i Contents Page
7、 Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword iii 1 Scope and field of application 1 2 References 1 3 General 1 Section 1. Position of measuring points for those measurements which can be carried out both in factories and on building sites 4 Sizes of components 2 4.1 Length and width
8、2 4.2 Thickness or depth 3 5 Squareness of components 7 5.1 Angular deviation 7 5.2 Parallelism 10 6 Straightness and camber of components 10 6.1 Edge straightness 10 6.2 Designed camber 11 7 Flatness and skewness of components 12 7.1 Principles of measurement 12 7.2 Overall flatness 12 7.3 Local fl
9、atness 13 7.4 Skewness 13 Section 2. Position of measuring points for those measurements which can be carried out on building sites only 8 Position in the horizontal plane 14 8.1 Deviations in relation to structural grid lines 14 8.2 Deviations in relation to secondary lines parallel to the building
10、 14 8.3 Deviations in relation to secondary lines perpendicular to the building 15 9 Deviations from level (levelling) 16 10 Verticality 17 10.1 Verticality of multi-storey walls and columns 17 10.2 Verticality of storey-height walls and columns 18 11 Eccentricity 19 12 Position in relation to other
11、 components (openings and spaces) 19 12.1 Window openings and other openings 19 12.2 Spaces 20 13 Flatness, straightness, designed camber 22 13.1 Floors and ceilings, overall flatness 22 13.2 Floors, local flatness 23 13.3 Walls, overall flatness 23 13.4 Walls, local flatness 24 13.5 Designed camber
12、 24 14 Other important deviations 25 14.1 Length of bearing surface 25 14.2 Joint width 25 14.3 Joint step 26 Figure 1 1 Figure 2 2BS7307-2:1990 ii BSI 07-1999 Page Figure 3 2 Figure 4 3 Figure 5 3 Figure 6 4 Figure 7 5 Figure 8 5 Figure 9 6 Figure 10 6 Figure 11 7 Figure 12 7 Figure 13 8 Figure 14
13、8 Figure 15 9 Figure 16 9 Figure 17 10 Figure 18 10 Figure 19 11 Figure 20 11 Figure 21 12 Figure 22 12 Figure 23 13 Figure 24 13 Figure 25 14 Figure 26 15 Figure 27 15 Figure 28 16 Figure 29 16 Figure 30 17 Figure 31 17 Figure 32 18 Figure 33 19 Figure 34 19 Figure 35 20 Figure 36 20 Figure 37 21 F
14、igure 38 22 Figure 39 23 Figure 40 24 Figure 41 25 Figure 42 25 Figure 43 26 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS7307-2:1990 BSI 07-1999 iii National foreword This Part of BS7301, which has been prepared under the direction of the Basic Data and Performance Criteria for Civil Engineering and
15、 Building Structures Standards Policy Committee, is identical with ISO7976-2 “Tolerances for building Methods of measurement of buildings and building products Part2: Position of measuring points”, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). It recommends the position of m
16、easuring points to be used in conjunction with the measuring methods given in BS7307-1, for use in the control of building construction. Its provisions also apply to the collection of measured accuracy data for inclusion in BS5606 (see also BS7308 which is identical with ISO7737:1986 “Tolerances for
17、 building Method of presentation of dimensional accuracy data”). A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
18、from legal obligations. Cross-references International standard Corresponding British Standard ISO 4463:1979 a BS 5964:1980 Methods for setting out and measurement of buildings: permissible measuring deviations (Identical) ISO 7676-1:1989 BS7307 Building tolerances. Measurement of buildings and buil
19、ding products Part 1:1990 Methods and instruments (Identical) a ISO4463 has been superseded by ISO4463-1:1989. ISO4463-1 has been implemented as BS5964:1990, which has superseded BS5964:1980. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages1to 26, a
20、n inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.iv blankISO7976-2:1989 (E) BSI 07-1999 1 1 Scope and field of application This part of ISO7976 g
21、ives guidance on the position of measuring points to be used in the measurements of buildings and building products. The positions given apply for check and compliance measurement, and when collecting accuracy data. It is divided into two sections. Section 1 deals with the position of measuring poin
22、ts for those measurements which can be carried out both in factories and on building sites, and section 2 with the position of measuring points for the measurements which can be carried out on building sites only. Building products consisting of glass wool and similar soft materials are not the subj
23、ect of this International Standard. To facilitate cross-referencing, the same numbering is used in both parts of this International Standard. 2 References ISO 4463, Measurement methods for building Setting out and measurement Permissible measuring deviations. ISO 7976-1, Tolerances for building Meth
24、ods of measurement of buildings and building products Part1: Methods and instruments. 3 General Suitable positions for measuring points are given for both compliance measurement and the collection of accuracy data; measurements should be carried out from, towards, or between these points. The points
25、 at which measurements are taken should be those specified in the inspection schedule or similar document. If not, they shall be taken at100mm from corners or edges (seeFigure 1): the examples below illustrate some general cases. If this is not possible, the position of the measuring points should b
26、e noted in the field book. The number of measuring points shown in the clauses below is considered to be the minimum number required; additional measurements may therefore be taken to reflect any additional dimensional accuracy requirements. The items to be measured should be supported as they will
27、be supported in use. When this is impractical, the support conditions should be as agreed in the inspection schedule or similar document. Whenever possible it is recommended that components be measured in the state in which they are ready for delivery. Unless specifically required, the measurements
28、should not be made whilst the manufactured component is still in the manufacturing jig or mould. On sites, construction deviations (dealt with in section 2) can be determined in relation to the co-ordinate system of the site, in relation to a reference system in plan or height in the assembly, in re
29、lation to the vertical line or in relation to other components. Figure 1 ISO7976-2:1989 (E) 2 BSI 07-1999 Section 1. Position of measuring points for those measurements which can be carried out both in factories and on building sites NOTEMost of the examples concerning components can also be applied
30、 to parts executed on site. 4 Sizes of components 4.1 Length and width On each face of the manufactured component, three length measurements (L 1to L 3 ) and three width measurements (W 1to W 3 ) shall be taken as shown in Figure 2. If the specified width does not exceed1,20m, measurement L 2may be
31、omitted. If the specified length does not exceed1,20m, measurement W 2may be omitted. 4.1.1 Effective span One measurement shall be made of the effective span on each manufactured component. For components which have base plate fixings, the two measuring points shall be as shown in Figure 3. Figure
32、2 Figure 3 ISO7976-2:1989 (E) BSI 07-1999 3 For components which have end or wall plate fixings, the two measuring points shall be as shown in Figure 4. For components which are manufactured in sections, the measurement shall be made only after the sections have been firmly bolted together. 4.2 Thic
33、kness or depth Eight thickness or depth measurements shall be made on each manufactured component. For components having a rectangular cross-section, the measuring points shall be as shown in Figure 5. Where the specified width does not exceed1,20m, measurements at points T 4and T 8may be omitted. W
34、here the specified length does not exceed1,20m, measurements at points T 2and T 6may be omitted. Figure 4 Figure 5 ISO7976-2:1989 (E) 4 BSI 07-1999 Figure 6 ISO7976-2:1989 (E) BSI 07-1999 5 The position of measuring points for thickness measurement of components which have a non-rectangular cross-se
35、ction such as beams provided with ribs shall be as shown in Figure 6. The position of measuring points for thickness measurements for in situ concrete beams shall be as shown in Figure 7. 4.2.1 Thickness of brick or block walls or in situ concrete walls The position of measuring points for thickness
36、 measurement of walls shorter than3m is shown in Figure 8. Figure 7 Figure 8 ISO7976-2:1989 (E) 6 BSI 07-1999 Figure 9 shows the position of measuring points for thickness measurement of walls longer than3m. The intermediate measuring points at the top should be equally spaced (at not more than3m in
37、tervals) between the measuring points of the ends of the wall. 4.2.2 Dimensional measurement of components with non-rectangular cross-section When manufactured components or in situ constructions have a designed cross-section which varies over a defined dimension, two additional measurements shall b
38、e made as shown in Figure 10. Figure 9 Figure 10 ISO7976-2:1989 (E) BSI 07-1999 7 5 Squareness of components 5.1 Angular deviation Angular deviation is in most cases determined at all four corners of the component as indicated in Figure 11. To measure the angle deviation, two reference points R 1 ,
39、R 2constituting a reference line and two measuring points M 1 , M 2are necessary. (SeeFigure 12.) Figure 11 Figure 12 ISO7976-2:1989 (E) 8 BSI 07-1999 Storey height columns should be measured at the top, middle and bottom as indicated in Figure 13. Both horizontal and vertical squareness (seeFigure
40、14) can be measured. Figure 13 Figure 14 ISO7976-2:1989 (E) BSI 07-1999 9 For manufactured components having a non-rectangular cross-section, such as beams provided with ribs, one angle measurement shall be taken along each pair of vertical slab surfaces, as shown in Figure 15 (seealsoFigure 11). Wh
41、en determining squareness by the measurement of diagonals, the measuring points for each measurement shall be the appropriate corner points as shown in Figure 16. NOTEIn the case of diagonal measurement, a corner piece shall be used if the corners are not sharply defined. Figure 15 Figure 16 ISO7976
42、-2:1989 (E) 10 BSI 07-1999 5.2 Parallelism Parallelism deviations are determined using the measuring points described in 4.1. Measurement of dimensions is shown in Figure 17 (see also Figure 2). 6 Straightness and camber of components 6.1 Edge straightness On each edge seeFigure 18a) and/orb) of the
43、 manufactured component (for example a floor, wall or beam component) with a size less than3m, one set of five measurements shall be taken at equally spaced measuring points as shown. For components the length of which exceeds3m, it may be necessary to take measurements such that one additional meas
44、uring point is chosen for each metre of length. Figure 17 Figure 18 ISO7976-2:1989 (E) BSI 07-1999 11 When measurements are taken over a defined section of the edge seeFigure 19a)and/or b) of a component (local straightness) at least three, and preferably five, equally spaced measuring points (at0,5
45、m intervals) shall be used as shown. 6.2 Designed camber One set of measurements for the determination of designed camber shall be made at the underside when the specified width of the components does not exceed1,2m. Otherwise two sets of measurements shall be made at measuring points as shown in Fi
46、gure 20. Figure 19 Figure 20 ISO7976-2:1989 (E) 12 BSI 07-1999 For components which have a non-rectangular cross-section, such as T or double T ribbed beams, one set of measurements for the determination of designed camber shall be taken for each rib at measuring points as shown in Figure 21. 7 Flat
47、ness and skewness of components 7.1 Principles of measurement A general description of various principles of measurement is given in ISO7976-1:1989, 7.1. Methods of measurement in accordance with these principles are described in 7.2 to7.5 of that part and the relevant measuring points in the corres
48、ponding sub-clauses of this part of ISO7976. 1) 7.2 Overall flatness On each surface of the manufactured component, one set of measurements shall be taken. The number of measuring points is likely to be dependent on the size of the component; however at least nine measuring points, as shown in Figur
49、e 22, are necessary. It is recommended that the spacing between measuring points is not greater than1m. Figure 21 1) There is no sub-clause7.5 in this part of ISO7976. Figure 22 ISO7976-2:1989 (E) BSI 07-1999 13 7.3 Local flatness One or more sets of measurements shall be taken on the appropriate surface. Each set of measurements shall be taken over a maximum length of2m with a maximum distance of0,5m between the measuring points. The positions of the sets shall be chosen at random but should be noted in relation to the edges of the compo
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