BS 7333-1990 Specification for slewing jib cranes《回转臂起重机规范》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS7333:1990 Specification for Slewing jib cranesBS7333:1990 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Mechanical Handling Standards Policy Committee, was published underthe authority of the BoardofBSI and comes into effecton 31 July1990 BSI03-1999 The fol

2、lowing BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference MHE/3 Draft for comment87/72251DC ISBN0580186393 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Mechanical Handling Standards Policy Committee (MHE/-) to Tec

3、hnical Committee MHE/3, upon which the following bodies were represented: Associated British Ports Associated Offices Technical Committee Association of Consulting Engineers BP Trading Limited British Ports Federation and the National Association of Ports Employers British Railways Board British Ste

4、el plc Construction Plant Hire Association Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Department of Trade and Industry Mechanical Engineering and Manufacturing Technology Division (MMT) Electricity Supply Industry in England and Wales Engineering Equipment and Materials Users As

5、sociation Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors Federation of Manufacturers of Construction Equipment and Cranes Federation of Wire Rope Manufacturers of Great Britain Health and Safety Executive Independent Engineering Insurers Committee Institute of Materials Management Institution of Mechan

6、ical Engineers Institution of Plant Engineers Institution of Production Engineers Institution of Structural Engineers Lloyds Register of Shipping Welding Institute The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: British Constructional Ste

7、elwork Association Ltd. Department of the Environment (Property Services Agency) GAMBICA (BEAMA Ltd.) High Commission of India Institution of Engineering Designers Iron and Steel Trades Confederation Manufacturing Science Finance Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS7333:1990

8、BSI 03-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii Section 1. General 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Definitions 1 1.3 Information to be provided 1 1.4 Classification 1 1.5 Protection and painting of crane structure 1 Section 2. Structural 2.1 Permissible stresses 7 2.2 Allowable def

9、lection 7 2.3 Joints 7 Section 3. Mechanical 3.1 Guarding 8 3.2 Rotating and fixed shafts and axles 8 3.3 Bearings 8 3.4 End stops 8 Section 4. Electrical 4.1 Power supply 9 4.2 Isolation 9 4.3 Control equipment 9 4.4 Electric current pick-up 9 4.5 Enclosures 9 4.6 Cables and conductors 9 Section 5.

10、 Technical information, inspection, testing, certification and marking 5.1 Technical information 10 5.2 Testing at manufacturers works 10 5.3 Inspection and testing after installation and before putting crane into service 10 5.4 Test certificates 11 5.5 Marking of the crane 11 Appendix A Information

11、 to be supplied by the purchaser with enquiry and/or order 12 Appendix B Information to be supplied by the manufacturer 12 Appendix C List of British Standards for materials and equipment suitable for use in the manufacture of cranes 13 Figure 1 Typical slewing jib cranes 2 Figure 2 Typical informat

12、ion to be provided by the manufacturer 3 Table 1 Group classification of the crane 5 Table 2 State of loading for the crane 6 Table 3 Typical classifications for jib cranes 6 Table 4 Allowable deflection 7 Table 5 Recommended maximum lifting speeds 7 Table 6 Uprating of cables to hoist unit 9 Table

13、7 British Standards for materials and equipment suitable for use in the manufacture of cranes 13 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS7333:1990 ii BSI 03-1999 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Mechanical Handling Standards Policy Committee. It forms o

14、ne of a series of standards relating to cranes and excavators. As with all British Standards for cranes, the primary object of the specification is to ensure reliability and safety without placing restrictions on the general design of cranes or the methods employed in their construction. Other stand

15、ards in the series are as follows. BS327, Specification for power-driven derrick cranes 1) . BS357, Specification for power-driven travelling jib cranes (rail-mounted low carriage type) 1) . BS466, Specification for power driven overhead travelling cranes, semi-goliath and goliath cranes for general

16、 use. BS1757, Specification for power-driven mobile cranes. BS1761, Specification for single bucket excavators of the crawler-mounted friction-driven type 1) . BS2452, Specification for electrically driven jib cranes mounted on a high pedestal or portal carriage (high pedestal or portal jib cranes).

17、 BS2573, Rules for the design of cranes. BS2573-1, Specification for classification, stress calculations and design criteria for structures. BS2573-2, Specification for classification, stress calculations and design of mechanisms. BS2799, Specification for power-driven tower cranes for building and

18、engineering construction 1) . The method of classification used in this British Standard is that adopted by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), published as ISO4301/1 and incorporated in BS2573. This provides a means of defining the anticipated duty of the crane which serves as

19、 the basis of agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer, and supplies information on which much of the design analysis can be based. The classification of the crane is defined from the number of operating cycles and from the anticipated loading it will experience during its life and there

20、fore provides a sound basis for rational design along with economic production. Appendix A lists information that should be supplied by the purchaser at the time of enquiry and/or order. Appendix B lists information to be supplied by the manufacturer upon delivery of the crane. Appendix C comprises

21、a list of British Standards for materials and equipment suitable for use in the manufacture of cranes. Attention is drawn to BS5744 and BS7121-1 which cover the safe use of cranes and provide details of legislation relating to cranes. This British Standard has been written on the basis that the insp

22、ection and testing after installation and the provision of the test certificate, before putting the crane into service, is the responsibility of the crane manufacturer. 1) ObsolescentBS7333:1990 BSI 03-1999 iii A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract

23、. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi toiv, pages1to18, an inside back cover and a

24、 back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on theinside front cover.iv blankBS7333:1990 BSI 03-1999 1 Section 1. General 1.1 Scope This British Standard specifies the design, construction an

25、d testing of slewing, but not derricking (luffing), jib cranes for use with either hand, electric or pneumatic hoists. Cranes used on offshore installations to unload vessels are not covered by this standard. NOTE 1Typical slewing jib cranes are shown in Figure 1. NOTE 2The titles of the publication

26、s referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 1.2 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard the following definitions apply. 1.2.1 effective radius the horizontal distance between the centre line of rotation and the vertical centre line through the load lifting atta

27、chment at the extreme point of travel (See Figure 2.) 1.2.2 deformable length the effective radius added to the height from finished floor level to underside of jib arm 1.2.3 calculated deflection the calculated vertical displacement at the effective radius, resulting from the mass of the lifting ap

28、pliance plus the safe working load applied at that radius 1.2.4 vertical deflection the actual vertical displacement at the effective radius, resulting from the safe working load applied at that radius 1.2.5 allowable deflection the maximum allowable vertical displacement at the effective radius, re

29、sulting from the safe working load applied at that radius 1.2.6 overturning moment the unbalanced moment produced by the total load (excluding impact) applied at the effective radius together with the deadweight moment of the jib crane 1.2.7 vertical load on base the axial load imposed by the jib cr

30、ane plus the total load applied on to the foundations or base plate 1.2.8 loads on bearings loads resulting from the maximum overturning moment and the vertical forces due to the imposed loadings 1.2.9 slewing rotary motion of a crane jib and superstructure about a vertical axis 1.2.10 competent per

31、son a person who has such practical and theoretical knowledge and such experience of the crane and the equipment used in the lifting operation as is necessary to carry out the function to which the term relates in each particular context 1.3 Information to be provided The manufacturer shall provide

32、information to the purchaser of the crane in accordance with Appendix B and as shown in Figure 2. NOTEThe purchaser should provide information in accordance with Appendix A to enable the crane manufacturer to offer the most suitable crane to satisfy the duty requirements and service conditions. 1.4

33、Classification The classification of the crane shall be based oninformation provided in accordance with Appendix A and shall be determined in accordance with Table 1 and Table 2. NOTE 1The classification of powered mechanisms can be determined using the requirements for mechanisms given in BS466. Fo

34、r hand-operated hoists, refer to BS3243. NOTE 2No change in the group classification of a crane, or in its combination of state of loading and class of utilization within the same group classification, should be made without reference to the manufacturer or without having a thorough design check car

35、ried out by a competent person. 1.5 Protection and painting of crane structure Protection and painting of the crane structure shall be in accordance with section 5 of BS466.BS7333:1990 2 BSI 03-1999 Figure 1 Typical slewing jib cranesBS7333:1990 BSI 03-1999 3 Figure 2 Typical information to be suppl

36、ied by the manufacturerBS7333:1990 4 BSI 03-1999 NOTEThe manufacturer is to provide details of all loads (in N), moments (in Nmm) and dimensions (in mm) typically as indicated. (See Appendix B.)Figure 2 Typical information to be supplied by the manufacturerBS 7333:1990 BSI 03-1999 5 Table 1 Group cl

37、assification of the crane State of loading Nominal load spectrum factor, K p Class of utilization and maximum number of operating cycles of the crane U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U9 3.2 10 4 6.3 10 4 1.25 10 5 2.5 10 5 5 10 5 1 10 6 2 10 6 4 10 6 4 10 6 Q1 Light 0.5 A1 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 Q2 Moderate

38、 0.63 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A8 Q3 Heavy 0.8 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A8 A8 Q4 Very heavy 1.0 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A8 A8 A8 NOTEThe typical classifications resulting from the classes of utilization and the states of loading normally associated with particular types of jib crane applications are given in T

39、able 3. The lists of crane types and applications are not comprehensive. Full account should be taken of any particular requirements when determining the appropriate group classifications.BS7333:1990 6 BSI 03-1999 Table 2 State of loading for the crane Table 3 Typical classifications for jib cranes

40、State of loading Nominal load spectrum factor, K p Descriptive definition Q1 Light 0.5 Normally light loads: cranes that hoist the safe working load very rarely. Q2 Moderate 0.63 Normally moderate loads: cranes that hoist the safe working load fairly frequently. Q3 Heavy 0.8 Normally heavy loads: cr

41、anes that hoist the safe working load frequently. Q4 Very heavy 1.0 Normally near safe working loads: cranes that are normally loaded close to safe working load. Type and/or application Class of utilization State of loading Group classification Standby duty: pumping stations, maintenance, breakdowns

42、, etc. U2 to U4 Q1 A1 to A3 Very light duty: general machine shop, etc. U2 to U4 Q1 to Q2 A1 to A4 Light duty: vehicle offloading, stores, etc. U2 to U4 Q1 to Q2 A2 to A4 Medium duty: production machine loading, assembly, etc. U4 to U6 Q1 to Q3 A4 to A6 Heavy duty: process, magnet grabbing, shipyard

43、, molten metal, hazardous or similar situations U5 to U8 Q4 A6 to A8BS7333:1990 BSI 03-1999 7 Section 2. Structural 2.1 Permissible stresses The permissible stresses and design of the crane structure shall comply with BS2573-1. 2.2 Allowable deflection The vertical deflection shall be such as to ens

44、ure that: a) the trolley on the jib arm will not run out of control during normal operation; and b) the jib arm cannot slew on its own. In addition the crane shall be designed so that the vertical deflection at the effective radius caused by the safe working load shall not exceed that given in Table

45、 4, where R is the effective radius, UA is the height to underside of jib arm and (R + UA) is the deformable length. Table 4 Allowable deflection NOTE 1The deflection figures given in Table 4 apply to the crane structure and do not include deflections arising from the supporting structure, foundatio

46、ns or slackness in the bearings or pins. NOTE 2It should be noted that deflections in most instances are not the governing criteria for the design and safe operation of a wall- or pillar-mounted jib crane. Accurate placement of loads handled by the crane is of importance. For lighter loads the opera

47、tor may dampen amplitudes of oscillation by guiding the load with the hand. For heavier loads it is not possible for the operator to do this and more stringent restrictions for deflection and for maximum allowable amplitudes of oscillation may be required. The same applies to lifting speeds which ma

48、y cause undesirable bouncing. (A guide to lifting speeds and related classification is given in Table 5.) Special requirements for these factors should be the subject of agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer or supplier (see Appendix A and Appendix B). Table 5 Recommended maximum lifting

49、speeds 2.3 Joints 2.3.1 Welded joints Welded joints shall comply with BS2573-1. 2.3.2 Bolted joints 2.3.2.1 General Bolts used in the manufacture of the crane shall be of the high-tensile or friction grip type. (See2.3.2.2 and2.3.2.3.) Bolts passing through taper flanges shall be fitted with washers, complying with BS3410. NOTEBolts used for holding down, e.g.foundation bolts, may be black bolts complying with BS4190. Tie bolts used for fixing wall-mounted or column-mounted slewing jib cranes back to a supporting struc