1、BS 7666-0:2006Spatial datasets for geographical referencing Part 0: General model for gazetteers and spatial referencingICS 07.040;35.240.70NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDPublishing and copyright informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed in
2、this document indicates when the document was last issued. BSI July 2006ISBN 0 580 48709 1The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:Committee reference IST/36Draft for comment 05/30127200 DCPublishing historyFirst published, July 2006Amendments issued since publicationAmd. no.
3、 Date Text affectedBS 7666-0:2006 BSI 2006 iBS 7666-0:2006ContentsForeword iiIntroduction iv1 Scope 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions 14 Gazetteer of geographic objects 25 Location records in a gazetteer 56 Data quality 8AnnexAnnex A (normative) Checklist for verification of conformit
4、y 9Annex B (normative) UML model 10Annex C (normative) Example gazetteer 12Annex D (normative) Example spatial reference system 13Bibliography 16List of figuresFigure B.1 UML model for a gazetter 10Figure D.1 Model of addresses 13List of tablesTable 1 Gazetteer metadata 4Table 2 Attributes of spatia
5、l unit 5Table 3 Attributes of a location 7Table C.1 Gazetteer metadata 12Table C.2 Example gazetteer entry 12Table D.1 Administrative area 14Table D.2 Town 14Table D.3 Locality 14Table D.4 Street 15Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1
6、to 16, an inside back cover and a back cover.ii BSI 2006BS 7666-0:2006ForewordPublishing informationThis part of BS 7666 was published by BSI and came into effect on 28 July 2006. It was prepared by Technical Committee IST/36, Geographic information. A list of organizations represented on this commi
7、ttee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Information about this documentBS 7666 was originally published over the period 1994 to 1996 in four parts.These four parts were revised separately over the period 2000 to 2002. During 2004 to 2005, all the parts were revised together. A new Part 0: G
8、eneral model for gazetteers and spatial referencing has been added which provides a common structure for gazetteers of any class of geographic object.BS 7666 now comprises the following parts: Part 0: General model for gazetters and spatial referencing;Part 1: Specification for a street gazetteer;Pa
9、rt 2: Specification for a land and property gazetteer;Part 5: Specification for a delivery point gazetteer.These parts supersede BS 7666-1:2000, BS 7666-2:2000, BS 7666-3:2000 and BS 7666-4:2002. The new Part 0 has subsumed Part 3: Specification for addresses. Part 1 has subsumed Part 4: Specificati
10、on for recording public rights of way but in other respects is similar in scope to that published previously. The scope of Part 2 is largely unchanged. Part 5 is new in scope. Parts BS 7666-1:2000, BS 7666-2:2000, BS 7666-3:2000 and BS 7666-4:2002 are now withdrawn. Thus Parts 3 and 4 will not form
11、part of the standard although there will now be a Part 5. Renumbering has not taken place to avoid any confusion with the withdrawn standards.This part of the standard aims to provide an overview and a more generalized common data model which can then be applied as the basis for any other parts of t
12、he standard, both existing and to be developed in the future. It is based upon BS EN ISO 19112, Geographic information Spatial referencing by geographic identifiers, and builds this to define spatial references and general gazetteers of geographic objects in the UK.BS EN ISO 19112 uses the term “geo
13、graphic identifiers” for spatial references in the form of a label or code that identifies a location. In BS 7666, the more commonly used term “spatial reference” is used. In order to distinguish between the geographic objects in the gazetteer (termed “locations”) and those used to reference them, t
14、he term “spatial unit” is used here for the referencing object. In the attribute tables, some elements in BS EN ISO 19112 are dropped from the spatial referencing part, and additional attributes are included in the gazetteer.Presentational conventionsThe provisions of this standard are presented in
15、roman (i.e. upright) type. Its requirements are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliary verb is “shall”. BSI 2006 iiiBS 7666-0:2006Commentary, explanation and general informative material is presented in smaller italic type, and does not constitute a normative element.Contractual and
16、 legal considerationsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.iv BSI 2006BS 7666-0:2006IntroductionGeographic information
17、 contains spatial references that relate the features and information represented by the data or text to positions in geographic space. Spatial references fall into two categories:a) those using coordinates;b) those using labels or codes. This British Standard is concerned with the latter. The spati
18、al references here are based upon a relationship with a location defined by a geographic object or objects, such as a street or property. Many different types of spatial reference exist and are used in different applications by different organizations. BS 7666 identifies some types of spatial refere
19、nces, and provides a way of cross-referencing between datasets collected using different types of spatial references. BSI 2006 1BS 7666-0:20061 ScopeThis part of BS 7666 defines the essential components of a gazetteer of geographic locations and provides a general model of spatial references based u
20、pon named spatial units in the United Kingdom. It defines the attributes of each geographic location to be recorded in a gazetteer, and the metadata associated with the gazetteer.This part of BS 7666 may be used for defining gazetteers of locations and systems of spatial references based upon named
21、spatial units, but does not specify any particular ones, nor does it define a database schema. It provides the basis for the other parts of BS 7666 by defining general structures to enable gazetteers of a range of classes of geographic locations to be created in a consistent way. Specific gazetteers
22、 of particular classes of locations are defined in the other parts of BS 7666. 2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the reference cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the re
23、ferenced document (including any amendments) applies.BS ISO 8601, Data elements and interchange formats Information interchange Representation of dates and times.BS ISO 639-2, Codes for the representation of names of languages Part 2: Alpha-3 Code.3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this part
24、 of BS 7666, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1 addressmeans of referencing an object for the purposes of identification and locationNOTE Examples are “389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL” and “Nelsons Column, Trafalgar Square, London”.3.2 coordinate reference systemset of mathematical
25、rules for assigning coordinates to points, related to the real world by a datumNOTE Examples are the National Grid of Great Britain, the Irish Grid and WGS84 (latitude and longitude).2 BSI 2006BS 7666-0:20063.3 gazetteer record of instances of a particular location class or classes, with sufficient
26、information to find and identify each uniquelyNOTE Examples are a street gazetteer and a local land and property gazetteer.3.4 locationidentifiable geographic placeNOTE Examples are “High Street” and “St James Park”.3.5 spatial reference description of position in the real worldNOTE In the context o
27、f BS 7666, this will be based upon descriptive identifiers of spatial units.3.6 spatial unit location used in the referencing of another locationNOTE An example is “street” when used to reference the location of “building”.4 Gazetteer of geographic objects4.1 Properties of a gazetteerA gazetteer sha
28、ll contain all instances of an identified class or classes of locations, as defined by its scope, e.g. streets and elementary street units. The content of a gazetteer shall be identified by a scope statement that describes the classes of location and the rules of inclusion or exclusion.NOTE An examp
29、le of a scope statement is “residential property units identified from taxation records, and electoral roll records, but with individual units with shared facilities held at the combined level only”.4.2 Gazetteer metadata4.2.1 Mandatory elementsA gazetteer shall have the following mandatory (M) meta
30、data elements:a) name: name of the gazetteer, e.g. National Land and Property Gazetteer;b) scope: description of the content of the gazetteer, e.g. residential property units;c) territory of use: geographic domain of the gazetteer, e.g. Great Britain;d) gazetteer owner: the organization that has ove
31、rall responsibility for the gazetteer, e.g. The Local Government Information House;e) custodian: organization or officer responsible for compilation and maintenance, e.g. South Borsetshire District Council Land and Property Gazetteer Custodian; BSI 2006 3BS 7666-0:2006f) coordinate system: coordinat
32、e reference system used to describe position, e.g. National Grid of Great Britain;g) spatial referencing system(s): the spatial reference system(s) used in the gazetteer e.g. street address (see 4.2.4);h) current date: the date at which the gazetteer can be considered to be current;NOTE The current
33、date is not necessarily the date of creation or date of last update of the gazetteer. 4.2.2 Optional elementsA gazetteer shall have the following optional (O) metadata elements, where appropriate:a) language(s): the languages used in the gazetteer for names, iden-tified by a three letter code as spe
34、cified in BS ISO 639-2; NOTE This enables multiple-language entries in the gazetteer. When no language is specified, a default of English is assumed. b) character set(s): any non-English character set(s) used to record entries in the gazetteer, e.g. Gaelic;c) coordinate axis units: unit of measure o
35、f coordinates, e.g. metres;d) metadata date: date of the last update of the metadata;e) primary classification scheme: details of the primary classification scheme used in the gazetteer;f) secondary classification scheme: details of any secondary classification scheme used in the gazetteer;g) state
36、coding scheme(s): details of any coding scheme used to define the logical state of a location recorded in the gazetteer;h) external cross-referencing scheme(s): details of external cross-referencing schemes used in the gazetteer.4.2.3 StructureThe record shall be in accordance with Table 1.NOTE 1 Te
37、sts for checking conformance for location records are given in Annex A. NOTE 2 A UML (Unified Modelling Language) model is shown in Annex B. Examples are given in Annex C. NOTE 3 As appropriate, additional metadata elements can be added by the user in the context of a particular gazetteer.4 BSI 2006
38、BS 7666-0:2006All dates shall be recorded in accordance with BS ISO 8601, consistently either in the basic format (YYYYMMDD) or in the extended format (YYYY-MM-DD).4.2.4 Spatial referencing systemA spatial referencing system shall comprise a hierarchical set of one or more types of spatial unit and
39、be applicable to the whole of its territory of use. A spatial unit may itself be referenced with respect to a higher level unit. NOTE Not all of the spatial units need have instances everywhere in the territory of use, and some types may be missing from the hierarchy in some places. For example, loc
40、al authority areas may be of different types (e.g. unitary or county and district) in different parts of the country.A spatial unit shall have the following mandatory (M) attributes:a) identifier: an identifier for the spatial unit, e.g. street name;b) definition: the definition of the spatial unit,
41、 e.g. a named street;c) position: a representative point for the position of the spatial unit, defined by a coordinate pair;d) spatial unit owner: organization or class of organizations able to create and destroy spatial unit instances, e.g. the Street Naming and Numbering Authority.The record shall
42、 be in accordance with Table 2.NOTE An example of a spatial referencing system is given in Annex D. Table 1 Gazetteer metadataName aUML name bObligation cMaximum occurrences dData type ename name M 1 CharacterStringscope scope M 1 CharacterStringterritory of use terOfUse M 1 CharacterStringlanguage
43、language O N Language fcharacter set charSet O N CharacterStringgazetteer owner gazOwner M 1 CharacterStringcustodian cust M 1 CharacterStringcoordinate system coordSys M 1 CharacterStringcoordinate axis units coordUnit O 1 CharacterStringmetadata date metaDat O 1 Datespatial referencing system spat
44、RefSys M N CharacterStringprimary classification scheme pClassScm O 1 CharacterStringsecondary classification scheme sClassScm O 1 CharacterStringstate coding scheme statCodScm O 1 CharacterStringcurrent date curDat M 1 Dateexternal cross-referencing scheme extXRefScm O N CharacterStringa The unique
45、 name of the attribute.bThe name of the attribute used in the UML model.cWhether the attribute is mandatory (M) or optional (O).dWhether the attribute is single-valued (1) or may have multiple values (N).eThe form of the attribute.fAs defined in BS ISO 639-2. BSI 2006 5BS 7666-0:20065 Location recor
46、ds in a gazetteer5.1 LocationsEach record in the gazetteer shall identify a single instance of a location. The location instance may be related to other location instances in the same class (e.g. a named street may form part of another named street). The location instance may also be part of a hiera
47、rchy of locations of different types (e.g. a street may be part of a locality or town).5.2 Mandatory attributesA location recorded in the gazetteer shall have the following mandatory (M) attributes:a) identifier: unique identifier of the location, e.g. a Unique Property Reference Number;b) entry dat
48、e: date when the location was added to the gazetteer;c) update date: date of last update of location record;d) start date: date at which the location came into existence;NOTE 1 When the start date is not known, a notional date at which it is known to exist should be used, e.g. 1900.e) position: a co
49、ordinate for a representative point of the location;f) spatial reference: a spatial reference for the location, e.g. a property address;g) administrator: organization responsible for defining the characteristics of the location.5.3 Optional attributesWhere appropriate, a location recorded in the gazetteer shall also have one or more of the following optional (O) attributes:a) alternative identifier: other identifier of the location;b) primary classification: class of the location according to a defined classification scheme, e.g. “residential”
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