1、BS 7837 : 1996 BRITISH STANDARD | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Product code 00635011 N No o c co op py yi in ng g w wi it th ho ou ut t B BS SI I p pe er rm mi is ss si io on n e ex xc ce ep pt t a as
2、s p pe er rm mi it tt te ed d b by y C Co op py yr ri ig gh ht t L La aw w Specification for Flammability performance for textiles used in the construction of marquees and similar textile structuresThis British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Materials and
3、Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 January 1996 BSI 1996 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference TCI/63 Draft for comment 94/340360 DC ISBN 0 580 24953 0 BS 7837 : 1996 Amendments issued since
4、publication Amd. No. Date T ext affected Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to T echnical Committee TCI/63, Burning behaviour , upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Consulting Scientists British Apparel
5、and T extile Confederation British Carpet Manufacturers Association Ltd. British Clothing Industry Association British Interior T extiles Association British Measurement and T esting Association British Polyolefin T extiles Association British T extile Machinery Association British T extile T echnol
6、ogy Group Chemical Industries Association Chief and Assistant Chief Fire Officers Association Child Accident Prevention Trust Confederation of British Wool T extiles Limited Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Consumers Association Department of Health Department of Trade and Industry (Consumer Safety
7、Unit, CA Division) Institute of Trading Standards Administration International Wool Secretariat Made-Up T extiles Association Mail Order Traders Association Ministry of Defence National Childrens Wear Association National Fillings Trades Association National Wool T extile Export Corporation Soap and
8、 Detergent Industry Association Society of Dyers and Colourists T extile Finishers Association T extile Institute Warrington Fire Research CentreBS 7837 : 1996 BSI 1996 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii Specification 1 Scope 1 2 References 1 3 Definitions 1 4 Samp
9、ling 1 5 Durability 1 6 Conditioning and testing atmosphere 1 7 Health and safety of operators 1 8 T est procedure and performance 2 9 Marking 2 List of references Inside back coverBS 7837 : 1996 ii BSI 1996 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared by T echnical Committee TCI/63. This standa
10、rd specifies requirements for flammability for textiles used in the construction of marquees or similar textile structures when subjected to a small igniting flame. BS 5438 describes the test method most frequently used for flammability testing of textiles and has been modified over the years for us
11、e in ISO and CEN versions. BS 5438 : 1989 contains six test methods, of which five have been or are in the process of being replaced by corresponding ISO and CEN methods as these are adopted as British Standards. The one exception is test 2B (edge ignition) for which there is no replacement standard
12、 at present. BS 5438 : 1989 includes an appendix offering advice on choice of test method and acceptance criteria based on interlaboratory trials which did not include the fabric types used for textile structures. Interlaboratory trials have been held on a representative selection of fabrics, both i
13、mpregnated and coated, commonly used for fabrication of textile structures, over a range of times for the application of flame to the bottom edge and face. The T echnical Committee decided the most appropriate method was test 2B (edge ignition) of BS 5438 : 1989 with a flame application of 10 s, def
14、ining ignition as an afterflame time of 5 s or more in accordance with ISO and CEN standards. T est 2A (face ignition) was found to be much less severe on impregnated fabrics and comparable with test 2B for coated fabrics, so there was no merit in also including it. In deciding acceptance criteria f
15、or this standard, it was recognized: that the fabrics used contain relatively high proportions of an applied finish and unavoidable minor variations in application; and that edge ignition is generally perceived to be a more severe test with a greater propensity for outlier results than face ignition
16、. BS 5438 : 1989 requires the observation and reporting of flaming debris. Flaming debris is perceived as a potential hazard in a marquee or similar textile structure and is covered by this British Standard. This British Standard requires pre-treatment by the water soaking procedure described in BS
17、5651, designed to eliminate fabrics with a water soluble flame resistant treatment. The problem of measuring long term durability performance remains. The only true way is to test the fabric after periods of exposure, but this is clearly impractical, since a sample taken from one section may not be
18、representative of the whole, individual textile structures may have sections fabricated from different textile materials and different sections may not be exposed to the same prevailing weather conditions. Experience of re-testing weathered sections suggests that the flammability treatments used at
19、present can remain effective for up to 8 years or more. An indication of the need for re-testing may well lie in the physical appearance of the fabric. Decorative textile linings and drapes, usually synthetic in nature, are often a feature of such textile structures. Interlaboratory testing included
20、 investigation of possible synergistic effects on the flammability of composites of linings attached to the outer fabrics. No synergistic effects were found, each constituent in a composite behaving in the same manner as when tested by itself. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself co
21、nfer immunity from legal obligations. BSI 1996 1 BS 7837 : 1996 Specification 1 Scope This British Standard specifies requirements for flammability of fabrics and fabric assemblies for use in the construction of textile structures such as marquees, large tents, temporary buildings, awnings and other
22、 textile structures utilizing large areas of a flexible textile membrane other than air-supported structures, when tested in accordance with test 2B (bottom edge ignition) of BS 5438 : 1989. Linings and drapes are frequently used in these structures, loose or attached to the outer fabric. In the lat
23、ter case, the composite fabric assembly is tested to this British Standard. NOTE. Where the lining or drape is separate from the outer fabric, the standard for curtains and drapes, BS 5867 : Part 2 : 1980 may be appropriate. These textile structures are normally erected outdoors. Sometimes they are
24、erected in unusual situations, e.g. within buildings, where circumstances may arise where risk assessment is different and other criteria apply. 2 References 2.1 Normative references This British Standard incorporates, by reference, provisions from specific editions of other publications. These norm
25、ative references are cited at the appropriate points in the text and the publications are listed on the inside back cover . Subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications apply to this British Standard only when incorporated in it by updating or revision. 2.2 Informative refere
26、nce This British Standard refers to another publication that provides information. The edition of this publication current at the time of issue of this standard is given on the inside back cover , but reference should be made to the latest edition. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this British Stan
27、dard the definitions given in BS ISO 4880 apply with the following exceptions. 3.1 ignition Flaming of the test specimen for a period of 5 s or more after removal of the igniting flame. 3.2 flaming debris Material separating from the specimen during the test procedure, which falls below the initial
28、lower edge of the specimen and ignites a filter paper placed below the test specimen. 4 Sampling A sample shall be taken of sufficient size to provide the required test specimens from each finishing batch or from at least every 5000 m. NOTE 1. More frequent testing may be agreed between the purchase
29、r and the supplier . NOTE 2. In determining the size of the sample recognition should be made of the possible need for re-testing. 5 Durability The sample shall be subjected to the water soaking procedure described in clause 3 of BS 5651 : 1989. 6 Conditioning and testing atmosphere 6.1 Conditioning
30、 The test specimens shall be conditioned for at least 24 h in an atmosphere having a temperature of (20 2) C and a relative humidity of (65 5) %. If testing is not carried out immediately after conditioning, the conditioned test specimens shall be placed in a sealed container . T esting of each spec
31、imen shall begin within 2 min of removing it from either the conditioning atmosphere or the sealed container . 6.2 T esting atmosphere The tests shall be performed in an atmosphere having a temperature of 10 C to 30 C, relative humidity of 15 % to 80 % and air movement of less than 0.2 m/s at the co
32、mmencement of the test, which is not influenced by mechanical devices operating during the test, and where the volume of air surrounding the test location is such that the test is unaffected by any reduction of oxygen concentration. NOTE. Draught shields may be required to restrict air movement in t
33、he region of the flame application. 7 Health and safety of operators NOTE. Burning of materials may produce smoke and toxic gases which can affect the health of operators. Between tests, the atmosphere of the testing location, which shall be of adequate dimensions to avoid endangering the health of
34、operators, shall be cleared of smoke and fumes by an extractor fan or other means of ventilation.2 BSI 1996 BS 7837 : 1996 1) For information on the availability of filter paper suitable for use in the detection of flaming debris write to the information centre, BSI, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W
35、4 4AL. 2) Marking BS 7837 : 1996 on or in relation to a product represents a manufacturers declaration of conformity, i.e. a claim on or on behalf of the manufacturer that the product meets the requirement of the standard. The accuracy of the claim is solely the claimants responsibility. Such a decl
36、aration is not to be confused with third party certification of conformity, which may also be desirable. 8 Test procedure and performance 8.1 T est procedure The fabric shall be tested in accordance with test 2B (bottom edge ignition) of BS 5438 : 1989, together with the procedure given in 8.2. Thre
37、e specimens shall be tested in the machine direction and three in the cross direction in accordance with test 2B, using a 10 s flame application time. 8.2 T est for flaming debris A piece of filter paper of at least 150 mm3 100 mm shall be placed on a horizontal solid surface (50 10) mm below the bo
38、ttom edge of the specimen, with the centre of the filter paper directly below the centreline of the specimen. If the burner mechanism could touch the filter paper , a suitable slot shall be cut in each piece of filter paper used. The filter paper 1) used to detect flaming debris shall have the follo
39、wing characteristics: area specific mass: 60 g/m 2 to 100 g/m 2 thickness: 0.15 mm to 0.25 mm alpha cellulose content: 95 % 8.3 Performance The sample shall be deemed to perform satisfactorily (pass), if, for at least five of the six test specimens: a) the duration of flaming does not exceed 5 s aft
40、er removal of the igniting flame; and b) the lowest boundary of any flame does not reach the upper edge or either vertical edge; and c) the filter paper does not smoulder or flame. The sample shall be deemed not to conform to this British Standard (fail) if more than two test specimens show any of t
41、he effects listed in items a) to c). If two test specimens show any of the above effects, then a further six specimens shall be tested. In this case, the sample shall be deemed to pass if five of the second set of six specimens perform satisfactorily. 9 Marking A label bearing the following informat
42、ion shall be attached permanently to each individual piece or roll of each batch: a) manufacturers name, address and telephone number; b) the number and date of this British Standard 2) ; c) date of the test. BSI 1996 BS 7837 : 1996 List of references Normative references BSI publications BRITISH ST
43、ANDARDS INSTITUTION, London BS 5438 : 1989 Methods of test for flammability of textile fabrics when subjected to a small igniting flame applied to the face or bottom edge of vertically oriented specimens BS 5651 : 1989 Method for cleansing and wetting procedures for use in the assessment of the effe
44、ct of cleansing and wetting on the flammability of textile fabrics and fabric assemblies BS ISO 4880 : 1993 Burning behaviour of textiles and textile products. Vocabulary Informative references BSI publications BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION, London BS 5867 : Specification for fabrics for curtains an
45、d drapes BS 5867 : Part 2 : 1980 Flammability requirementsBSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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