1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 7971-4:2002 Protective clothing and equipment for use in violent situations and in training Part 4: Limb protectors Requirements and test methods ICS 13.310; 13.340.10 BS 7971-4:2002 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Health and Environment Sec
2、tor Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 26 November 2002 BSI 26 November 2002 The following BSI references relate to the work on this British Standard: Committee reference PH/3/12 Draft for comment 99/565945 DC ISBN 0 580
3、 40702 0 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee PH/3, Protective clothing, to Subcommittee PH/3/12, Protective clothing and equipment for use in violent situations, upon which the following bodies were represente
4、d: APSS Association of Police and Public Security Suppliers Association of Chief Police Officers in Scotland BSIF Test and Certification Association British Association for Chemical Specialities British Association of Women Police British Clothing Industry Association British Glove Association Briti
5、sh Textile Technology Group Defence Industries Association Department of Health Medical Devices Agency Home Office Ministry of Defence UK Defence Standardization National Association of Healthcare Safety and Risk Practitioners Personal Safety Manufacturers Association Police Federation of England an
6、d Wales Police Purchasing Manager Association Police Uniform Project Group SATRA Technology Centre Co-opted members Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS 7971-4:2002 BSI 26 November 2002 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii Introduction 1 1S c
7、o p e 1 2 Normative references 1 3T e r m s a n d d e f i n i t i o n s 2 4 Performance levels 2 5 Construction and performance requirements 2 6 Test methods 11 Annex A (informative) Information and guidance on the selection and use of limb protectors 24 Bibliography 25 Figure 1 Shoulder protector z
8、one of protection 4 Figure 2 Upper arm protector zone of protection 5 Figure 3 Elbow and forearm protector zone of protection 6 Figure 4 Thigh protector zone of protection 7 Figure 5 Standard width knee and shin protector zone of protection 8 Figure 6 Reduced width knee and shin protector zone of pr
9、otection 9 Figure 7 Shin protector zone of protection 10 Figure 8 Attachment points on protectors, and directions of force application, for restraint testing 13 Figure 9 A possible design of a dropping tower 15 Figure 10 Sectional views of a suitable carriage for impactor and blade testing in a drop
10、ping tower apparatus as shown in Figure 9 16 Figure 11 Dimensions of cylindrical anvils 18 Figure 12 Vertical plate anvil 20 Figure 13 Bar impactor 21 Figure 14 60 blade impactor 22 Table 1 Performance levels for limb protectors 2 Table 2 Dimensions of zones of protection of limb protectors 3 Table
11、3 Maximum test scores 11 Table 4 Impact resistance requirements and test conditions 11 Table 5 Cylindrical anvil sizes for testing different protectors 19BS 7971-4:2002 ii BSI 26 November 2002 Foreword This part of BS 7971 has been prepared by Subcommittee PH/3/12. The following parts of BS 7971 are
12、 currently published or in preparation: Part 1: General requirements; Part 2: Guidance on risk assessment and on the selection, use, cleaning and maintenance of protective clothing and equipment; Part 3: Personal defence shields Requirements and test methods; Part 4: Limb protectors Requirements and
13、 test methods; Part 5: Footwear Requirements and test methods; Part 6: Gloves for protection against mechanical, thermal and chemical risks Requirements and test methods; Part 7: Slash-resistant gloves Requirements and test methods; Part 8: Blunt trauma body, shoulder, abdomen and genital protectors
14、 Requirements and test methods; Part 9: Training suits and equipment Requirements and test methods; Part 10: Coveralls Requirements and test methods. It has been assumed in the drafting of this standard that the execution of its provisions will be entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced
15、 people, for whose use it has been produced. WARNING. This British Standard calls for the use of substances and/or procedures that may be injurious to health if adequate precautions are not taken. It refers only to technical suitability and does not absolve the user from legal obligations relating t
16、o health and safety at any stage. Product certification/inspection/testing. Users of this British Standard are advised to consider the desirability of third-party certification/inspection/testing of product conformity with the relevant parts of BS 7971. Appropriate conformity attestation arrangement
17、s are described in BS EN ISO/IEC 17025. Users seeking assistance in identifying appropriate conformity assessment bodies or schemes may ask BSI to forward their enquiries to the relevant association. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are r
18、esponsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 25 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in t
19、his document indicates when the document was last issued.BS 7971-4:2002 BSI 26 November 2002 1 Introduction Limb protectors are items of protective clothing which are generally, but not exclusively, worn by serving police officers and prison officers whilst they are engaged in operational duties and
20、 in training. They are also used by civilians engaged in activities where the risks of attack and assault are similar, e.g. private security personnel, bullion handlers, escorts and couriers. Limb protectors are intended to reduce the severity of, or prevent, soft tissue injuries resulting from blun
21、t trauma to the areas covered. Such blunt trauma can arise as the result of impact from airborne missiles (house bricks, assorted types of bottle, metal bars, pieces of timber, fragments of wood, broken glass and slates, etc.), or can be due to assault by individuals using weapons such as bars, base
22、ball bats and pieces of timber, or caused by individuals kicking or making violent physical contact with the wearers body. Limb protectors are not intended to provide ballistic protection or protection against blows from sharp or pointed instruments (e.g. axes, spikes and knives). For certain user g
23、roups including police and prison officers, limb protectors constitute a second line of defence, with a personal defence shield providing a degree of primary protection (see BS 7971-3). Whilst shields do not always prevent impacts with the wearers limbs or body by missiles or weapons, they can reduc
24、e the energy of impacts to levels at which limb protectors can have a significant effect in the reduction of soft tissue or skeletal injuries. At times, however, circumstances can dictate that the shield is dispensed with or placed in a position which leaves the user exposed to a direct impact or as
25、sault. In these circumstances limb protectors providing the highest level of protection are necessary. Experience has shown that many areas of the body are at risk of impact in the attack scenarios described above. This standard specifies requirements and test methods for shoulder, upper arm, elbow
26、and forearm, thigh and knee and shin protectors. However, other areas of the body can also be at risk of impact in these attack scenarios, so protective clothing and/or equipment to protect these areas is also necessary. Limb protectors of three different performance levels are specified. Level 1 pr
27、otectors provide an acceptable level of impact protection with minimal weight and ergonomic cost to the wearer. Level 2 and Level 3 protectors provide higher levels of impact protection but with increased ergonomic costs to the wearer. Level 3 protectors are suitable for use in training where repeat
28、ed strikes are deliberately taken. The test methods specified in this part of BS 7971 have been designed to measure the performance of limb protectors with respect to the protection they can be expected to provide against the commonly-faced hazards listed above. The severity of these tests cannot co
29、mpare directly with the conditions to which police officers, prison officers and other users can be exposed in real life situations, but experience has shown that limb protectors which pass such tests can significantly reduce the incidence and/or severity of injuries. 1 Scope This part of BS 7971 sp
30、ecifies performance requirements and test methods for limb protectors for use by police and prison officers and others who might be exposed to attack and assault in the course of their duties, for use in operational situations and in training. NOTE 1 Information and guidance on the selection and use
31、 of limb protectors is given in Annex A. NOTE 2 Guidance on risk assessment and the selection, care and maintenance of protective clothing and equipment for use in violent situations and in training is given in BS 7971-2 1) . 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensabl
32、e for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including amendments) applies. BS 7971-1, Protective clothing and equipment for use in violent situations and in training Part 1: Gener
33、al requirements. 1) In preparation. BS 7971-4:2002 2 BSI 26 November 2002 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of BS 7971, the terms and definitions given in BS 7971-1 and the following apply. 3.1 standard width knee and shin protector knee and shin protector providing coverage to m
34、ore than 50 % of the circumference of those parts of the users leg covered by the protector and providing protection from wide angle frontal impacts 3.2 reduced width knee and shin protector knee and shin protector providing coverage to less than 50 % of the circumference of those parts of the users
35、 leg covered by the protector and providing protection from narrow angle frontal impacts only 4 Performance levels Limb protectors shall be of one of three performance levels as specified in Table 1. Table 1 Performance levels for limb protectors 5 Construction and performance requirements 5.1 Gener
36、al Limb protectors shall conform to the general requirements for protective clothing and equipment for use in violent situations and in training specified in BS 7971-1, as applicable. 5.2 Sizing Limb protectors shall be marked with a size designation. The size shall be related to the body dimensions
37、 of the intended wearer, and the relationship shall be explained in the information supplied by the manufacturer as specified in BS 7971-1. Body height, chest girth or bust girth, and waist girth shall be used as control dimensions for sizing limb protectors. Sizing shall be verified in accordance w
38、ith 6.2. For protectors that are stated to fit a range of differently sized people, the values of the control body dimensions of the largest size of user that the protector is stated to fit shall be used for sizing. 5.3 Minimum dimensions of zones of protection and test areas Limb protectors shall h
39、ave one or more zones of protection which shall have the dimensions required for the largest size of user for whom the protector is designated by the manufacturer. The positions and dimensions of the zones of protection, relative to the coverage provided by the entire protector, shall be stated in t
40、he information supplied by the manufacturer as specified in BS 7971-1. Test areas for shoulder, upper arm, thigh and shin protectors shall have the same dimensions as the zones of protection. NOTE The zone of protection on shoulder protectors may be reduced by a cut-out with a maximum depth of 20 mm
41、, as shown by the dashed line in Figure 1. The zones of protection of elbow and forearm protectors, and knee and shin protectors shall be divided into test areas as shown in Figure 3 and in Figure 5 and Figure 6, respectively. Performance level a Hazard level Examples of intended use 1 Low In conjun
42、ction with a long shield. Where opponents are expected to be bare handed or at some distance 2 Moderate Where close contact with opponents is expected 3 High Where close contact with determined opponents is expected and the user does not have the protection of a long shield, and in training situatio
43、ns where impacts are deliberately taken and may be severe NOTE The determination and strength of the assailant determines the performance level of equipment that is necessary. However, highly trained users might wish to choose products offering less impediment and less protection when they judge the
44、ir risk of injury is reduced by their skill. a See also BS 7971-1.BS 7971-4:2002 BSI 26 November 2002 3 Marking of the outlines of the zones of protection and test areas prior to mechanical testing shall be carried out in accordance with 6.2. The protectors shall have one or more zones of protection
45、 equal to or greater in extent than the minimum areas specified in Table 2 and illustrated in Figure 1 to Figure 7. Assessment of the zones of protection shall be made in accordance with 6.2. Table 2 Dimensions of zones of protection of limb protectors Protector type Control dimension Dimension of z
46、one of protection as a percentage of control dimension Letter identifying the dimension on Figure 1 to Figure 7 Shoulder (Figure 1) Minimum overall width Chest girth 20.00 B Minimum overall length Chest girth 23.00 A Maximum radius of distal corners (shoulder joint) Chest girth 10.00 C Maximum radiu
47、s of proximal corners (neck joint) 25 mm D Upper arm (Figure 2) Minimum overall length Height 9.50 E Minimum width Height 8.00 F Maximum radius of proximal corners (shoulder joint) Height 1.75 G Maximum radius of distal corners (elbow joint) Height 4.70 H Elbow and forearm (Figure 3) Minimum overall
48、 length Height 18.20 I Minimum radius of elbow zone Height 3.95 K Minimum width at wrist Height 7.00 J Maximum radius of corners Height 1.75 L Thigh (Figure 4) Minimum length of posterior edge Height 17.50 M Minimum length of anterior edge Height 7.50 N Minimum width Waist girth 18.50 O Minimum radi
49、us of upper posterior corner Waist girth 5.00 P Maximum radius of other corners Height 1.75 Q Standard width knee and shin (Figure 5) Minimum length Height 25.50 R Minimum radius of knee zone Height 5.25 T Minimum width at ankle Height 10.00 S Maximum radius of corners and of the instep cutout Height 1.75 U Reduced width knee and shin (Figure 6) Minimum length Height 25.50 V Minimum radius of knee zone Height 4.60 X Mi
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