1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 8202-1: 1995 Coatings for fire protection of building elements Part 1: Code of practice for the selection and installation of sprayed mineral coatingsBS8202-1:1995 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof Technical Committee B/209, was published under the
2、 authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 June 1995 BSI 03-1999 First published August 1987 Second edition June 1995 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference B/209 Draft for comment 93/100207 DC ISBN 0 580 23289 1 Committees responsibl
3、e for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee B/209, General building codes, to Subcommittee B/209/4, Coatings and claddings for insulation of buildings, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Metropolitan Authorit
4、ies Association of Specialist Fire Protection Contractors and Manufacturers British Steel Industry Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Department of the Environment for Northern Ireland Institution of Structural Engineers Marine Safety Agency Warrington Fire Research Cent
5、re Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS8202-1:1995 BSI 03-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 References 1 3 Definitions 1 4 Independent validation 1 5 General 2 6 Substrate preparation 2 7 Methods of mechanical retention 4 8
6、 Structural fire protection 6 9 Fungal growth 11 10 Workmanship 11 Annex A (normative) Determination of density 19 Figure 1 Mechanical retention 7 Figure 2 Encapsulation and re-entrant profiles 13 Figure 3 Cases where there is no re-entrant profile or encapsulation 14 Figure 4 Principle of applicati
7、on of sprays 17 Figure 5 Typical needle gauge for direct measurement of coating thickness 18 Figure 6 Measurement of coating thickness to the face of metal lath 18 Table 1 Types of mechanical retention 5 List of references Inside back coverBS8202-1:1995 ii BSI 03-1999 Foreword This Part of BS 8202 h
8、as been prepared under the direction of Technical Committee B/209, General building codes. It supersedes BS8202-1:1987 which is withdrawn. This Part of BS8202 covers all types of sprayed mineral coatings, with the exception of sprayed asbestos. The eventual aim is to recommend the standard for adopt
9、ion by ISO as an international standard. This edition introduces technical changes but it does not reflect a full review or revision of the standard, which will be undertaken in due course. This edition brings this standard into line with current approval procedures and clarifies application techniq
10、ues. This Part of BS8202 gives recommendations for the selection and installation of sprayed mineral coatings to enhance fire resistance of building elements. However, the same coatings are used for thermal insulation of buildings, pipework and equipment, for noise level reduction and condensation c
11、ontrol in buildings and for lining refractories. BS8216 gives recommendations for the uses of sprayed lightweight mineral coatings for thermal and acoustical purposes. There are various methods of assessment of fire resistance which may be based in systematic testing or theoretical considerations. F
12、or further guidance, see Fire Protection for Structural Steel in Buildings 1. Throughout this edition the method for determining the fire resistance of a structure is referred to as conforming to BS476-21 which superseded BS476-8:1992. It should be noted, however, that BS476-8 is still available and
13、 is referred to in regulations. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary o
14、f pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages1to20, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on theinside front cove
15、r.BS8202-1:1995 BSI 03-1999 1 1 Scope This Part of BS 8202 gives recommendations for the selection and installation of sprayed mineral coatings to enhance fire resistance of building elements. It describes methods of application to various types of surface in varying densities and finishes. This sta
16、ndard is intended for the guidance of specifiers, application specialists and site inspectors. Annex A describes a method for determining the dry density of the spray application. NOTEMaximum approved thicknesses should not be exceeded. 2 References 2.1 Normative references This Part of BS 8202 inco
17、rporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are made at the appropriate places in the text and the cited publications are listed on the inside back cover. For dated references, only the edition cited applies: any subsequent amendments to or
18、 revisions of the cited publication apply to this Part of BS8202 only when incorporated in the reference by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the cited publication applies, together with any amendments. 2.2 Informative references This Part of BS 8202 refers to othe
19、r publications that provide information or guidance. Editions of these publications current at the time of issue of this standard are listed on the inside back cover, but reference should be made to the latest editions. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this Part of BS8202, the following definitions
20、 apply. 3.1 spray sprayed mineral coating 3.2 adhesive retention use of an additional material to improve the bond of the spray to a substrate 3.3 mechanical retention use of mechanical system(s) to retain the spray in situ NOTESee clause7. 4 Independent validation 4.1 The appropriate independent va
21、lidation should be provided as evidence that the recommendations of this standard have been followed. For many applications, particularly those relating to building control, it will be necessary for the specifier, manufacturer and/or applicator to produce test reports (or assessments) from an approv
22、ed testing laboratory (or consultancy) to show that the required performance criteria can be achieved. Any changes in the spray system, i.e. primer, spray and surface finish, or its method of application may affect its performance. Ideally, performance tests previously carried out should be repeated
23、 to ensure that the level of performance is not affected. However, in practice this is not always possible because of the cost of some types of test, particularly fire resistance tests conforming to BS476-21 and because of the range of variables which may occur, e.g.raw materials may be obtained fro
24、m several sources or a spray may be required to be used with a large number of different primers. Thus changes in the chemical or physical nature of the components of the spray or their relative proportions should be the subject of a full re-test in accordance with the appropriate performance standa
25、rd whilst detail changes in the spray system may be validated without repeating the appropriate performance test, using analytical laboratory tests and/or reduced scale performance tests. It is important that any reduced scale tests can be shown to correlate with the appropriate performance standard
26、. In many cases the spray manufacturer/supplier would be the only source of this information. The justification for any assessment of changes in the spray system should be available for inspection as appropriate. Assessments of the performance of spray systems are often required where it is not prac
27、tical to test the full range of the substrate shapes and/or sizes with which the system may be used, e.g.structural steelwork. In such cases assessments by an appropriate authority, based on relevant test information relating to the specific spray under consideration, may be accepted in addition to
28、fire performance tests. 4.2 Where materials and methods are used that are not referred to by this standard, their use is not discouraged, provided that: a) they are proven by test; and b) they are such as to ensure a level of performance at least equal to that recommended in this standard.BS8202-1:1
29、995 2 BSI 03-1999 5 General 5.1 Composition 5.1.1 General Spray comprises the principal ingredients given in5.1.2, 5.1.3 and 5.1.4. 5.1.2 Base The base is as given in either a) or b): a) various man-made mineral wools, having a length to breadth ratio of at least3 to1; NOTEMan-made mineral wools con
30、sist of fibres of inorganic composition, generally manufactured by a smelting process, usually from blast furnace slag or rock. b) exfoliated vermiculite. NOTEVermiculite is the name given to a group of hydrated laminar minerals resembling mica in appearance and composed of hydrated aluminium iron m
31、agnesium silicates. When vermiculite is subjected to intense heat, it expands to many times its original volume. This phenomenon is known as exfoliation. 5.1.3 Binding agent Typical examples of binding agents are hydraulic binders, such as Portland cement conforming to BS12, high alumina cement conf
32、orming to BS915-2 or gypsum plaster conforming to BS1191-1. 5.1.4 Fillers Typical fillers are hydrated lime, limestone or other aggregate. 5.2 Choice of product Sprays are versatile materials which will cover areas of irregular size and shape including complex angles and profiles. However, each prod
33、uct should be chosen carefully so as to meet the particular requirements for a given end use. For example, in an external environment or in damp conditions some products may be unsuitable or may require additional weather protection. The variety of products and application methods available enable a
34、 wide range of surface finishes to be obtained, ranging from flat surfaces to highly textured surfaces. 5.3 Decorative and protective surface finishes Where decorative or protective surface finishes are required either initially or subsequently (owing to change of occupancy or use of buildings), it
35、is essential to ensure that the applied finish is compatible with the spray and does not impair its performance. Attention is drawn to the risk of detachment of the spray brought about by excessive weight of the applied finish. This will depend on a number of factors, e.g. orientation of the substra
36、te, type of coating and type of finish, and is particularly important where dense finishes are being applied to low density coatings. Any surfacing material should satisfy the appropriate requirements of any approving authority. NOTESuch requirements may include the following: a) non-combustibility,
37、 when tested as described in BS476-4; b) fire propagation, when tested as described in BS476-6; c) surface spread of flame, when tested as described in BS476-7; d) heat emission, when tested as described in BS476-11. In all applications the properties of the surfacing finish have to accommodate any
38、dimensional movement of the spray. 5.4 Health and safety considerations This Part of BS 8202 covers a wide range of different types of material. The need for site controls will vary according to the type of material being used. The application of some types of spray may generate levels of dust and p
39、articulate matter sufficient to cause irritation of the skin, eyes and respiratory tracts. For guidance on personal exposure and exposure limits reference should be made to the guidance notes published by the Health and Safety Executive and to manufacturers health and safety data. 6 Substrate prepar
40、ation 6.1 General The purpose of substrate preparation is to ensure that: a) an adequate bond or retention of the spray is obtained to enable it to perform its required function; and b) the spray is compatible with the materials to which it is applied. The surface condition of any substrate is impor
41、tant when considering bonding of any coating to it, i.e.the surface should be free from oil, grease, dirt, dust, scale, loose paint, mould release agents or other materials or conditions likely to impair adhesion. When deciding on substrate preparation, which in cases of inadequate bond may involve
42、mechanical retention (seeclause7), it is essential to consider the following: 1) nature of surface, including any finishes applied prior to application of the spray; 2) geometric shape of the substrate; 3) vibration; 4) thermal movement; 5) properties of the spray; 6) evidence of adequate bond betwe
43、en the spray and the substrate;BS8202-1:1995 BSI 03-1999 3 7) any possible effects of high temperatures on the bonding or retention of the mix to the substrate. It is not possible to give recommendations for all types of spray and all surface conditions in this standard. Recommendations for common s
44、ubstrates are given in6.2. 6.2 Common substrates 6.2.1 Painted surfaces All old, loose and flaking paint finishes should be removed prior to the application of the spray, unless mechanical retention is being used (seeclause7). Newly applied compatible primers should not adversely affect the performa
45、nce of the coating but other paint finishes may require mechanical retention, unless there is fire resistance data showing that the presence of the paint will not affect the performance of the coating. Where mechanical retention is used, it is still necessary to use an alkali-resistant sealer coat (
46、see6.3) where the paint is not chemically compatible with the spray. NOTEPortland cement when wet has an initial pH value of12 to12.5 and cement-bound and lime-enriched gypsum mixes may, therefore, attack alkali-sensitive paints, e.g. paints containing alkyd binders. Paints containing water-sensitiv
47、e binders may also be attacked by sprays. 6.2.2 Concrete and masonry It may be necessary to reduce the suction of masonry depending upon type by applying a light water spray or a suitable sealer (see6.3). Normal sound clean concrete surfaces require no particular treatment but very smooth surfaces,
48、as for example concrete cast against a hard impervious form face, are likely to require the use of mechanical retention or other treatment, e.g. abrasive blasting, to provide a suitable key (seealso8.5). 6.2.3 Gypsum plaster and plasterboard Portland cement-bound sprays should not be applied directl
49、y to unsealed gypsum plaster surfaces or plasterboard, as the setting characteristics of the cement can be affected and bond loss may result. Gypsum or lime based sprays may be applied to certain types of plaster based products but guidance should be sought from the spray manufacturer. 6.2.4 Metals Primers are not usually needed for Portland cement-bound sprays if the building environment is such that it will remain dry after construction. Careful consideration should be given to the need for priming of ferrous metal surfaces, bearing in mind possible changes in
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