1、BSI Standards PublicationBS 8574:2014Code of practice for themanagement ofgeotechnical data forground engineering projectsPublishing and copyright informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the documentwas last issued. The British Standards Institution 2014Publishe
2、d by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 75023 6ICS 01.040.93; 93.080.01The following BSI references relate to the work on this document:Committee reference B/526/3Draft for comment 13/30244525 DCPublication historyFirst published March 2014Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedB
3、S 8574:2014 BRITISH STANDARDContentsForeword iiIntroduction iii1 Scope 12 Terms and definitions 13 Data management principles 24 Data management system 3AnnexesAnnex A (informative) Preparing a data management plan 6Bibliography 10Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside fron
4、t cover, pages i to iv, pages1 to 14, an inside back cover and a back cover.BRITISH STANDARD BS 8574:2014 The British Standards Institution 2014 iForewordPublishing informationThis British Standard is published by BSI Standards Limited, under licence fromThe British Standards Institution, and came i
5、nto effect on 31 March 2014. It wasprepared by Subcommittee B/526/3, Site investigation and ground testing. A listof organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request toits secretary.Use of this documentAs a code of practice, this British Standard takes the form of guidance andr
6、ecommendations. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification andparticular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are notmisleading.Any user claiming compliance with this British Standard is expected to be able tojustify any course of action that deviates from its recommen
7、dations.It has been assumed in the preparation of this British Standard that theexecution of its provisions will be entrusted to appropriately qualified andexperienced people, for whose use it has been produced.Presentational conventionsThe provisions of this standard are presented in roman (i.e. up
8、right) type. Itsrecommendations are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliaryverb is “should”.Commentary, explanation and general informative material is presented insmaller italic type, and does not constitute a normative element.The word “should” is used to express recommendations of
9、 this standard. Theword “may” is used in the text to express permissibility, e.g. as an alternative tothe primary recommendation of the clause. The word “can” is used to expresspossibility, e.g. a consequence of an action or an event.Notes and commentaries are provided throughout the text of this st
10、andard.Notes give references and additional information that are important but do notform part of the recommendations. Commentaries give background information.Contractual and legal considerationsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are respon
11、sible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legalobligations.BRITISH STANDARDBS 8574:2014ii The British Standards Institution 2014IntroductionEach ground engineering project requires the collection of data from differentsources and in a range of f
12、ormats. The collected data are processed andtransferred throughout the supply chain to be used by a variety of people andorganizations.The management and delivery of these data needs to be defined andmaintained throughout each project, integrating the requirements set out in theproject specification
13、 together with the objectives of those who produce andthose who use the data. This can be achieved by the introduction of a datamanagement system based on an organizations data management policy, whichis covered in this standard.A data management system is applicable to geotechnical and environmenta
14、linvestigations, construction projects with activities such as piling, earthworks andtunnelling, monitoring and asset management.The procedures described in this standard facilitate the management ofgeotechnical data for use in a BIM project in accordance with PAS 1192.BRITISH STANDARD BS 8574:2014
15、The British Standards Institution 2014 iiiBRITISH STANDARDBS 8574:2014This page deliberately left blankiv The British Standards Institution 20141 ScopeThis British Standard gives recommendations on the management ofgeotechnical data throughout the life cycle of civil engineering and buildingprojects
16、 at both an organizational and project level.It also gives recommendations on the collection, storage, archiving, sharing andtransfer of logical data.This British Standard is intended for engineering geologists, geotechnical andenvironmental engineers, geotechnical data managers, IT managers and pro
17、jectmanagers.2 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this British Standard, the following terms and definitionsapply.2.1 data managerperson responsible for the data management system2.2 data management planmethod of stating the requirements for maintaining, performing or improvingdata management
18、at an operational level2.3 data stewardperson responsible for carrying out the processes needed for the datamanagement system2.4 data storerepository of project dataNOTE An example of a data store is a computer database.2.5 geotechnical datafacts or figures obtained from all phases of a geotechnical
19、 project, includingderivations from other dataNOTE Facts and figures might include text, numbers and formulae.2.6 logical datadata connected by location and/or time and not the representation or theevaluation of those data2.7 organizationcompany and/or project team2.8 validationcontrol technique use
20、d to detect data that are in the correct format and withinacceptable limits2.9 verificationact of checking transferred data, usually at the stage of input to a computersystem, by comparing copies of the data before and after transferBRITISH STANDARD BS 8574:2014 The British Standards Institution 201
21、4 13 Data management principles3.1 GeneralThe geotechnical data management principles given in 3.2 to 3.7 should beimplemented at the start of a project.NOTE Further details on each principle are given in Annex A.3.2 Data collectionData should be collected at source, entered once and retained electr
22、onically, e.g.in a computer system. New data should be checked against collected data toensure quality and compatibility. The time of the collection and transfer of datashould be stated in the data management plan (4.5).How and where the data are entered into the computer system should be statedin t
23、he data management plan.If it is not possible to log data electronically at the source of collection, the datashould be recorded manually in a paper-based format only once and thenentered into a computer system.3.3 Data storage3.3.1 GeneralData should be stored securely, backed-up and access careful
24、ly controlled.3.3.2 SecurityThe data store should have controlled access, be regularly backed-up and have adisaster recovery plan.The management of the store should define and incorporate user rights (i.e.writing, reading and editing). Data should be safeguarded from unauthorizedaccess.3.3.3 Version
25、 controlThere should be a record of additions and changes to the data and each revisionissued should be sequentially referenced and archived.3.3.4 ConsistencyWhere data are stored in multiple systems or locations, such as field collection,laboratory and engineering, it should be consistent.3.3.5 Sta
26、tusThe status of the data should be recorded (A.2.2.4).3.4 Data archiving, retention and disposalThe requirements for data archiving, retention and disposal should be identifiedand documented in the data management plan. Archived data should be storedto ensure long-term readability.NOTE Long-term re
27、adability might be achieved using non-proprietary or openstandard formats.3.5 Sharing and transferring dataTo ensure the availability and widest use of geotechnical data, the followingshould be taken into account:BRITISH STANDARDBS 8574:20142 The British Standards Institution 2014a) within the conte
28、xt of an organization: industry-standard exchange formatsshould be implemented;NOTE Details on industry-standard exchange formats are given in A.2.4.b) within the context of a project: strategies for data sharing and transfershould be agreed at the onset;c) delivery timescales should be agreed at th
29、e start of a project;d) the data receiver should be briefed on how the data have been evaluatedand for what purpose; ande) permission should be sought from the owner for the use of data by thirdparties, after an agreed confidentiality period.3.6 Unique referencing of dataTo avoid data duplication, e
30、ach record should be identifiable using a uniquereference.NOTE A unique reference can be a combination of attributes, e.g. location andsample depth and sample type or pile reference and test number.3.7 Data verification and validationThere should be repeatable methods of data verification and valida
31、tion that aretraceable and auditable.Data verification and validation should be performed at input and export ofdata into a computer system and as required by the data management plan.4 Data management system4.1 GeneralA data management policy should be implemented using a data managementsystem. The
32、 data management system should consist of a policy (4.2), strategy(4.3), manual (4.4) and plans (4.5).4.2 Data management policyAn organizations management should authorize a data management policy.The scope of the policy should be appropriate to the nature and scale of theorganization.The policy sh
33、ould be clear in its aims, scope and responsibilities, and shouldinclude a commitment to continual improvement in data management. Thepolicy should be reviewed on a regular basis and when significant changes occurin the organizations structure.The policy should be compatible with other organizationa
34、l policies, for examplequality and IT policies.NOTE The purpose of the policy is to provide a framework for managing data bysetting data management objectives within the organization.4.3 Data management strategyThe strategy should set out the goals and timescales of the organization andidentify the
35、types of resources (people, computer systems, software, etc.). Thestrategy should also define the key performance indicators (KPIs) and the criticalsuccess factors (CSFs).NOTE 1 KPIs are measureable targets that evaluate success against the strategicgoals.BRITISH STANDARD BS 8574:2014 The British St
36、andards Institution 2014 3NOTE 2 CSFs are elements required to deliver the strategy.4.4 Data management manual4.4.1 GeneralThe manual should record how the organization approaches the managementof geotechnical data. The “plan do check act” (PDCA) management method ofcontinual improvement given in 4.
37、4.1.1 to 4.4.1.4 should be used.4.4.1.1 PlanAreas for improvement should be identified. Processes, systems and resourcesshould be put in place to address the improvements.4.4.1.2 DoThe plan should be implemented and data collected for measuring success.4.4.1.3 CheckThe plan should be checked and rev
38、iewed to establish whether the solutions areproviding the desired improvements.4.4.1.4 ActAreas where progress is not being made should be identified and a decisionmade as to whether action is required.4.4.2 Preparing a data management manual4.4.2.1 GeneralThe organization should establish, document
39、, implement and maintain a datamanagement manual and commit to continually improve its effectiveness inaccordance with the recommendations of this standard.NOTE Individual projects might require a project-specific data managementmanual.4.4.2.2 Roles and responsibilitiesThe manual should show the org
40、anization structure of the data managementteam(s) and their roles and responsibilities.NOTE An organigram is a useful way of graphically representing the organization.4.4.2.3 Register of data management plansThe data management manual should contain a register of all datamanagement plans governed by
41、 the manual. The register should contain:a) data management plan reference;b) data management plan title;c) author details (person and date); andd) status.4.4.2.4 ReviewThe data manager should review the data management system to ensure itscontinuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness. The inte
42、rval for review shouldbe set out in the data management manual.BRITISH STANDARDBS 8574:20144 The British Standards Institution 20144.5 Data management plan4.5.1 GeneralThe data management plan should be prepared in accordance with the datamanagement principles given in Clause 3.NOTE 1 The plan might
43、 relate to general business processes within an organizationor project-specific activities to satisfy particular client or working requirements.The plan should include the following:a) aim of the plan;b) work item(s); andc) detailed breakdown of each work item.NOTE 2 Separate plans might be required
44、 for different work items.4.5.2 Aim of the planThe data management plan should state the objective(s) of the project includinglimitations and/or boundaries at organizational or project level. The plan shouldtake into account all phases of the project and their interactions (A.4).NOTE 1 The plan may
45、cover a specific area of work such as laboratory testing orremote monitoring.NOTE 2 Clear boundaries are required to ensure that plans integrate and do notconflict with each other.4.5.3 Work item(s)Work items included in the plan should be listed together with the computersystems and software used.N
46、OTE 1 Work items might include tasks such as inputting data into laboratory datamanagement computer systems or extracting data from data archive systems.NOTE 2 Details for the management of data that are applicable to all tasks in thedata management plan may be included in a summary section. These d
47、etails mightbe related to data quality, data storage, data archive and disposal, and roles andresponsibilities.4.5.4 Detailed breakdown of each work itemA detailed breakdown of the tasks required under each work item should bespecified.For each task the following should be taken into account:a) data
48、 collection, input and extraction;b) verification and validation checks;c) data storage;d) computer systems and software (i.e. software name and version);e) data transfer formats;f) data transfer media;g) timeliness; andh) named roles and responsibilities (A.3).BRITISH STANDARD BS 8574:2014 The Brit
49、ish Standards Institution 2014 5Annex A(informative)Preparing a data management planA.1 GeneralThis annex gives background information to assist in the preparation of a datamanagement plan (4.5), including:a) data principles (A.2);b) data management roles (A.3); andc) phases of a geotechnical project (A.4).A.2 Data principlesA.2.1 Data collectionA.2.1.1 Method of data collectionThe collection of data by electronic capture in the field can significantly reduceerrors, especially if automated validation checks are included at the point ofentry.NOTE Errors can be
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