BS 903-0-2012 Physical testing of rubber Part 0 General 《橡胶的物理试验 第0部分 总论》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationPhysical testing of rubberPart 0: GeneralBS 903-0:2012BS 903-0:2012 BRITISH STANDARDPublishing and copyright informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indica

2、tes when the documentwas last issued. The British Standards Institution 2012Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012.ISBN 978 0 580 74968 1ICS 83.060The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PRI/22 Draft for comment 11/30244285Publication historyFirst editi

3、on June 1990Second edition June 2003Third (current) edition October 2012Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affected The British Standards Institution 2012 iBS 903-0:2012BRITISH STANDARDContentsForeword ii1 Scope 12 Terms and definitions 13 Normative reference 14 Reproducibility 15 Test met

4、hod categories and properties 16 Usage 67 Statistical analysis 78 Analysis of graphical traces 7AnnexesAnnex A (informative) List of British Standard test methods for the physical properties of rubber 8Bibliography 12List of tablesTable 1 Raw and unvulcanized rubber 2Table 2 Preparative procedures 2

5、Table 3 Mechanical tests 2Table 4 Viscoelasticity tests 3Table 5 Degradation and environmental tests 4Table 6 Effects of fluids 4Table 7 Adhesion and contact properties 5Table 8 Electrical properties 5Table A.1 British Standard test methods for the physical properties of rubber 8Summary of pagesThis

6、 document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to ii, pages 1 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover.BS 903-0:2012ii The British Standards Institution 2012BRITISH STANDARDForewordPublishing informationThis British Standard is published by BSI Standards Limited, under licence

7、 from The British Standards Institution, and came into effect on 31 August 2012. It was prepared by Technical Committee PRI/22 Physical Testing of Rubber. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.SupersessionThis British Standard supersedes BS

8、 903-0:2003, which is withdrawn.Information about this documentBS 903 is the best-known British Standard for rubber and was first published as a compilation of test methods in 1940. It quickly developed an international reputation, especially in the Commonwealth and parts of Europe, and many of its

9、methods were subsequently adopted as international (ISO) standards. Some individual parts of BS 903 remain but most test methods for rubber are now BS ISO standards which are no longer part of an easily recognizable series. This Part of BS 903 has been prepared to bring these test methods together.

10、The work of Subcommittee ISO/TC 45/SC2, Rubber and rubber products Testing and analyses, continues in reviewing and revising international standards and in developing new test methods and guides to keep abreast of changes and developments in technology, and in this the UK plays a leading and active

11、role. As a consequence, the status of methods is continually changing, as new editions are published and new methods appear. It is therefore never possible for this Part of BS 903 to be completely up-to-date and this edition only provides a snapshot in time.The methods in BS 903 were originally divi

12、ded into four series of parts: the A series for physical testing of rubber; the B series for chemical tests for raw and vulcanized rubber; the C series for determination of electrical properties; and the D series for testing of ebonite.The current methods for physical testing, including determinatio

13、n of electrical properties, are listed in this standard. The BS 903 B series has been replaced by BS 7164. The BS 903 D series has been withdrawn but certain test methods for plastics are applicable to ebonite (see BS 2782-0).Contractual and legal considerationsThis publication does not purport to i

14、nclude all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. The British Standards Institution 2012 1BS 903-0:2012BRITISH STANDARD1 ScopeThis part of BS 903 provides a general in

15、troduction to BS 903 and to BS ISO standards. It describes a range of laboratory-scale methods for the physical testing of rubber in raw, unvulcanized, vulcanized and thermoplastic forms. A list of closely-related British Standards is also provided.NOTE The status of methods referenced need to be ve

16、rified with the relevant standards body; they are continually changing as new editions are issued and new methods appear, in line with developments in technology.2 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this part of BS 903, the terms and definitions given in BS ISO 1382 apply.3 Normative reference

17、The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.BS ISO 1

18、382, Glossary of rubber terms4 ReproducibilityA number of the test methods include a statement on test precision as determined by an interlaboratory test programme and ISO/TC 45 intends for this to be extended to all methods.NOTE Attention is drawn to ISO/TR 9272 and ISO/TR 11753.5 Test method categ

19、ories and properties5.1 GeneralThe individual test methods published in BS 903 and as BS ISO standards are listed in Annex A. The methods fall into eight main categories: 1) tests for raw and unvulcanized rubber;2) preparative procedures;3) mechanical tests;4) viscoelastic tests;5) degradation and e

20、nvironmental tests;6) tests on effect of fluids7) adhesion and contact property tests; and8) electrical tests.NOTE The prefix “BS 903” applies to the referenced standards unless otherwise indicated. In terms of these categories, the standards may be grouped as in Table 1 to Table 8, although there i

21、s some overlap.BS 903-0:20122 The British Standards Institution 2012BRITISH STANDARD5.2 Raw and unvulcanized rubberSee Table 1 for tests for raw and unvulcanized rubber. Table 1 Raw and unvulcanized rubberType of test StandardMooney viscometer testsMooney viscosity BS ISO 289-1 Delta Mooney (for non

22、 pigmented, oil-extended, emulsion-polymerized SBR) A58-1: ( ISO 289-3)Mooney stress relaxation rate BS ISO 289-4Plastimeter testsRapid plasticity number BS ISO 2007Plasticity retention index BS ISO 2930Curemeter testsCuremeters Guide to the use of curemeters A60-1 ( BS ISO 6502)Vulcanization charac

23、teristics using oscillating disc curemeter BS ISO 3417Other testsGreen strength of raw or unvulcanized rubber BS ISO 9026Assessment of carbon black dispersion BS ISO 11345 NOTE BS ISO 11345 is also applicable to vulcanized rubber.5.3 Preparative procedures See Table 2 for preparative procedures.Tabl

24、e 2 Preparative proceduresType of test StandardPreparation, mixing and vulcanization of test samples BS ISO 2393Preparation of samples and test pieces BS ISO 23529Measurement of dimensions of test pieces BS ISO 23529NOTE 1 For raw rubber, attention is also drawn to BS ISO 1795.NOTE 2 See BS ISO 2352

25、9 for guidance on the selection of standard test temperatures and humidities for conditioning and testing, and for directions for achieving elevated of subnormal temperatures. 5.4 Mechanical See Table 3 for mechanical tests.Table 3 Mechanical testsType of test StandardDensity BS ISO 2781Stress-strai

26、n propertiesin tension BS ISO 37in compression BS ISO 7743in shear BS ISO 1827dynamic BS ISO 4664stress in tension on heating BS ISO 12493 The British Standards Institution 2012 3BS 903-0:2012BRITISH STANDARDType of test StandardHardnessIntroduction and guide BS ISO 18517IRHD BS ISO 48by pocket hard

27、ness metersIRHD BS ISO 7619-2Shore durometer BS ISO 7619-1Very low hardness scale (VLRH) BS ISO 27588Calibration and verification of hardness meters BS ISO 18898NOTE Test methods for the apparent hardness of rubber covered rollers are described in BS ISO 7267 (all parts).Strength propertiesTensile B

28、S ISO 37TearTrouser, Angle and Crescent tearDelft tearBS ISO 34-1BS ISO 34-2de Mattia, flex cracking, crack growth BS ISO 132Tension fatigue BS ISO 6943Crack growth rate BS ISO 277275.5 Viscoelasticity See Table 4 for viscoelasticity tests.Table 4 Viscoelasticity testsType of test StandardSet, recov

29、ery and relaxationCompression set BS ISO 815-1 and BS ISO 815-2Tension set BS ISO 2285Creep BS ISO 8013Stress relaxation BS ISO 3384-1Dynamic testing General guidance BS ISO 4664-1Torsion pendulum BS ISO 4664-2 Resilience BS ISO 4662Heat build-upBasic principles BS ISO 4666-1Compression flexometer B

30、S ISO 4666-3Constant stress flexometer BS ISO 4666-4NOTE BS ISO 4666 may also be used to determine resistance to fatigue, creep and set caused by thermal degradation during flexure.Table 3 Mechanical tests (continued)BS 903-0:20124 The British Standards Institution 2012BRITISH STANDARD5.6 Degradatio

31、n and environmental See Table 5 for degradation and environmental tests.Table 5 Degradation and environmental testsType of test StandardThermal and thermal-oxidative ageingAccelerated ageing and heat resistance BS ISO 188By stress relaxation BS ISO 6914NOTE BS ISO 815-1, BS ISO 2285, BS ISO 8013, BS

32、 ISO 3384 and BS ISO 4665 may also be used to measure the time-dependent thermal stability of vulcanized rubber under specified conditions.Ozone and weathering resistanceStatic strain ozone exposure BS ISO 1431-1Dynamic strain ozone exposure BS ISO 1431-1Ozone concentration BS ISO 1431-3Outdoor expo

33、sure BS ISO 4665Artificial light exposure BS ISO 4665Assessment of properties after weathering BS ISO 4665Low temperature propertiesTorsion modulus (Gehman test) A13 ( ISO 1432)Impact brittleness BS ISO 812Temperature retraction BS ISO 2921Compression set BS ISO 815-2Crystallization by hardness meas

34、urements BS ISO 33875.7 Effects of fluids See Table 6 for tests on the effects of fluids.Table 6 Effects of fluidsResistance to liquids BS ISO 1817Water vapour absorption A18 (no corresponding ISO)Gas permeability BS ISO 2782Vapour transmission rate of volatile liquids (for rubber sheets and coated

35、fabrics) BS EN ISO 6179NOTE Attention is also drawn to BS ISO 13226. The British Standards Institution 2012 5BS 903-0:2012BRITISH STANDARD5.8 Adhesion and contact properties See Table 7 for test for adhesion and contact properties.Table 7 Adhesion and contact propertiesType of test StandardAdhesion

36、strength to fabricsPeel test BS ISO 36Direct tension A27 ( ISO 4637)Adhesion strength to textile cord BS ISO 4647Adhesion strength to wire cord BS ISO 5603Adhesion strength to rigid materials peel test BS ISO 813two-plate method BS ISO 814in quadruple shear BS ISO 1827using conical test pieces BS IS

37、O 5600NOTE Includes metals and plastics materials. BS ISO 813 and BS ISO 814 are intended primarily for rubber to metal adhesion, but may be applied to other rigid substrates.Contact propertiesStraining of organic materials BS ISO 3865Adhesion to and corrosion of metals BS ISO 6505Friction BS ISO 15

38、113Abrasion testsGuidance by Akron A)and DuPont B)methods by rotating cylindrical drum deviceBS ISO 23794BS 903 A9 (partially replaced by BS ISO 4649)BS ISO 4649 A)Akron is a trade mark owned by Corporate Consulting, Service b) Physical Testing of Rubber 1; andc) Handbook of Polymer Testing: Physica

39、l Methods 2. The British Standards Institution 2012 7BS 903-0:2012BRITISH STANDARD6.3 Expression of test results At present, not all of the test methods specify the number of significant figures to which the test results should be expressed. For comparative purposes it is desirable that the precisio

40、n should be the same irrespective of the means by which the individual results of the appropriate measure of central tendency is calculated. Thus results need to be rounded off to an accuracy representative of the test method and the number of test pieces specified.6.4 Calibration of test equipment

41、It is important that the test equipment specified in test methods is suitably calibrated for consistent and reproducible test results. Attention is therefore drawn to the specification, procedures and schedules for the calibration of rubber and plastic test equipment described in BS 7825. The calibr

42、ation of hardness meters is specified in BS ISO 18898. Specifications for testing machines for rubber and plastics are given in BS ISO 5893.Calibration schedules for individual tests are being included in the revision of various standards.7 Statistical analysisAttention is drawn to BS ISO 19003, whi

43、ch provides examples of statistical techniques, applied to particular rubber testing situations. Attention is also drawn to PD ISO/TR 12134 for the estimation of uncertainty for rubber test methods.8 Analysis of graphical tracesGraphical traces of test results are sometimes interpreted automatically

44、 by software packages that might not use the same basis of analysis, which can lead to to differences in interpretation and in test results. BS ISO 6133 provides a means of avoiding this.BS 903-0:20128 The British Standards Institution 2012BRITISH STANDARDAnnex A List of British Standard test method

45、s for the physical properties of rubberTable A.1 shows test methods for rubber and the BS 903 C series of electrical tests for rubber.Table A.1 British Standard test methods for the physical properties of rubberStandard number TitleAssociated methodsBS 903-1:1995 Physical testing of rubber Part 1: G

46、uide to the selection and use of methods of test for rubberBS 903-5:2004 Physical testing of rubber Part 5: Guide to the application of rubber testing to finite element analysis BS ISO 19003:2006 Rubber and rubber products Guidance on the application of statistics to physical testingBS ISO 24453:200

47、8 Rubber Acquisition and presentation of comparable single-point dataBS ISO 24454:2008 Physical testing of rubber Acquisition and presentation of comparable multi-point dataMethods of testing rubberBS ISO 34-1:2010 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of tear strength Part 1: Trouser, a

48、ngle and crescent test piecesBS ISO 34-2:2010 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of tear strength Part 2: Small (Delft) test piecesBS ISO 36:2011 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of adhesion to textile fabricsBS ISO 37:2011 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determin

49、ation of tensile stress-strain propertiesBS ISO 48:2010 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of hardness (hardness between 10 IRHD and 100 IRHD)BS ISO 132:2011 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of flex cracking and crack growth (De Mattia)BS ISO 188:2011 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Accelerated ageing and heat resistance testsBS ISO 289-1 Rubber, unvulcanized Determinations using a shearing-disc viscometer Part 1: Determination of Mooney viscosity