1、BRITISH STANDARD BSAU50-2.3: 1994 Tyres and wheels Part 2: Wheels and rims Section 3: Specification for road-wheel nuts, studs, and bolts for commercial vehicles UDC629.113.012.3:629.114.4:621.882BSAU50-2.3:1994 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Automobile Standar
2、ds Policy Committee, waspublished under the authorityof the Standards Boardand comes into effect on 15January1994 BSI 10-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference AUE/4 Draft for comment92/85495DC ISBN 0 580 22342 6 Committees responsible for this Bri
3、tish Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Automobile Standards Policy Committee (AUE/-) to Technical Committee AUE/4, upon which the following bodies were represented: Agricultural Engineers Association Automobile Association British Industrial Truck Association Bri
4、tish Pressure Gauge Manufacturers Association British Rubber Manufacturers Association Bus and Coach Council Department of Transport Freight Transport Association Institute of Road Transport Engineers (Inc) Motor Cycle Industrys Association of Great Britain Ltd. Motor Industry Research Association N
5、ational Tyre Distributors Association Retread Manufacturers Association Road Haulage Association Ltd. Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Ltd. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSAU50-2.3:1994 BSI 10-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Forewo
6、rd iii Section 3. Specification 3.1 Scope 1 3.2 References 1 3.3 Definitions 1 3.4 Information and requirements to be agreed and to be documented 1 3.5 Surface condition 2 3.6 Captive washers for spigot-type wheel-nuts 2 3.7 Materials 2 3.8 Forming of bolts and studs 2 3.9 Coatings and surface treat
7、ments 2 3.10 Thread form and quality 2 3.11 Dimensions 3 3.12 Testing 5 3.13 Disposal of tested components 8 3.14 Performance 8 3.15 Documentation 9 3.16 Marking and identification 9 Annex A (normative) Dimensions of DIN spherical-faced (spherical collar) nuts (type A) 10 Annex B (normative) Quality
8、 10 Annex C (normative) Proof test for flat-faced nuts 11 Annex D (normative) Proof test for conical-faced and spherical-faced nuts 12 Annex E (normative) Proof test for studs and bolts 14 Annex F (normative) Wedge test for bolt heads and stud collars 15 Annex G (normative) Torque/clamping-force tes
9、t for flat-faced nut type fixings 18 Annex H (informative) Torque/clamping-force test for conical-faced and spherical-faced nut type fixings 20 Figure 1 Dimensions of flat-faced nuts 3 Figure 2 Dimensions of conical-faced nuts 4 Figure 3 Critical dimensions of studs 6 Figure 4 Critical dimensions of
10、 bolts 7 Figure A.1 Dimensions of DIN spherical-faced (spherical collar) nuts (type A) 10 Figure C.1 Proof test for flat-faced nuts 12 Figure D.1 Adaptors for proof testing conical-faced and spherical-faced nuts and all studs and bolts 13 Figure F.1 Wedge test for bolt-heads 17 Figure F.2 Wedge test
11、 for stud-collars 18 Figure G.1 Torque/clamping-force test for nuts, bolts, and studs for flat-faced nut type fixings 19 Figure H.1 Torque/clamping force test for nuts, bolts and studs for conical-faced and spherical-faced nut type fixings 21 Table 1 Dimensions of flat-faced nuts 4 Table 2 Dimension
12、s of conical-faced nuts 5BSAU50-2.3:1994 ii BSI 10-1999 Page Table 3 Critical dimensions of studs 5 Table 4 Critical dimensions of bolts 8 Table A.1 Dimensions of DIN spherical-faced (spherical collar) nuts (type A) 10 Table C.1 Proof test for flat-faced nuts 11 Table D.1 Proof test for conical-face
13、d and spherical-faced nuts and all studs and bolts 13 Table F.1 Dimensions of wedges 15 Table F.2 Applied forces for the wedge test 16 Table G.1 Torque/clamping-force performance for flat-faced nut type fixings 20 Table H.1 Torque/clamping-force performance for conical-faced nut type fixings 22 Tabl
14、e H.2 Torque/clamping-force performance for spherical-faced nut type fixings 22 List of references Inside back coverBSAU50-2.3:1994 BSI 10-1999 iii Foreword This section of BSAU50 has been prepared under the direction of the Automobile Standards Policy Committee, and it forms part of the series of d
15、ocuments which relate to tyres and wheels for motor vehicles. There has been no attempt to fully define road-wheel components in a design-restrictive sense, but necessary requirements are specified to achieve secure fixing of commercial vehicle road-wheels. First, in order to improve the alignment a
16、nd fit of mating parts, certain important dimensions with tolerances have been specified in this document for fixings, and a new size of24mm, which is already in limited use, has been introduced. The corresponding tolerances on wheel dimensions have been introduced in BSAU50-2.2. Secondly, performan
17、ce requirements for nuts, studs, and bolts are specified to suit the specialized shapes of wheel-fixings to ensure both adequate mechanical strength and repeatable torque/clamping-force characteristics during long periods of operation and repeated vehicle servicing. However, reference has been made
18、to existing BS fastener specifications for the majority of performance tests. It is expected that studs and bolts will, in general, be formed by forging and rolling, and this is the recommended method of manufacture. Also in connection with road-wheel security, attention is drawn to BSAU50-2.7 Code
19、of practice for the selection and care of wheels for commercial vehicles. Tyre, wheel, rim and valve requirements ore given in the following parts and sections of BSAU50: Part1: Tyres; Section0: General; Section1: Car tyres; Section2: Commercial vehicle tyres; Section3: Off-the-road tyres; Section4:
20、 Agricultural tractor and machine tyres; Section5d: Industrial vehicle tyres; Section6: Motorcycle tyres; Section7: Moped tyres; Section8: Code of practice for the storage of tyres, inner tubes and flaps; Part2: Wheels and rims; Section0: General (including terms and definitions, and construction an
21、d workmanship); Section1b: Rim profiles and dimensions (including openings for valves); Section2: Specification for dimensions of wheel naves and hub centres for commercial vehicles; Section3: Specification for road-wheel nuts, studs and bolts for commercial vehicles; Section4: Not published; Sectio
22、n5b: Road wheels manufactured wholly or partly of cast light alloy for passenger cars; Section6: Specification for road wheels manufactured wholly or partly of light alloy for mopeds and motor cycles; Section7: Code of practice for the selection and care of wheels for commercial vehicles; Section8:
23、Code of practice for the selection and care of wheels for passenger cars (including caravans and light trailers); Part3: Valves;BSAU50-2.3:1994 iv BSI 10-1999 Section1: Specification for valve dimensions; Section2: Tyre valve threads5V1,5V2,6V1and8V1; Section3: Tyre valve threads9V1,10V2,12V1and13V1
24、; Section4a: Tyre valve threads8V2,10V1,11V1,13V2,15V1,16V1,17V1,17V2,17V3,19V1 and20V1; Section5: Dimensions for ISO core chamber No.1for tyre inflation valves; Section6: Dimensions for ISO core chamber No.2for tyre inflation valves; Section7: Code of practice for the selection and care of tyre inf
25、lation valves for passenger cars (including caravans and light trailers); Section8: Code of practice for the selection and care of tyre inflation valves for commercial vehicles; Part4: Rim profiles and dimensions; Section0: General; Section1: Car rims; Section2: Commercial vehicle rims; Section3: Of
26、f-the-road rims; Section4: Agricultural tractor and machine rims; Section5: Industrial vehicle rims; Section6: Motorcycle rims; Section7: Moped rims. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correc
27、t application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi to iv, pages1to22, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright d
28、ate) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BSAU50-2.3:1994 BSI 10-1999 1 Section 3. Specification 3.1 Scope This Section of BSAU50-2specifies dimensions and performance requirements for a range of sizes of wheel and hub nuts
29、, bolts, and studs for road vehicles. The range of sizes covered is normally used on heavy commercial vehicles, but if used on other types of vehicle the requirements of this standard are still applicable. This standard does not cover back-nuts which are used to secure certain types of stud to wheel
30、-hubs but it does cover that part of the stud on which the back-nut fits. The standard is applicable to fasteners for spigot-located wheels employing18mm,20mm,22mm, and24mm studs with hexagonal nuts fitted with flat-seating, captive washers (type A mounting), cone-fixings of18mm, 7/8 in British Stan
31、dard Fine (BSF), and1in BSF sizes (type B mounting), and spherical-faced nuts for18mm,20mm and22mm sizes. NOTEMounting types A and B are defined in BSAU50-2.2. BSF threads are specified in BS84, which is obsolescent, and such threads should be used only for replacement components for existing vehicl
32、es. Spherical-faced nuts are specified in DIN74361and dimensional details are given in Annex A. In addition to the definitive requirements, this standard also requires the items listed in3.4 to be documented. For compliance with this standard, both the definitive requirements and the documented item
33、s have to be satisfied. 3.2 References 3.2.1 Normative references This Section of BSAU50-2incorporates, by reference, provisions from specific editions of other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate points in the text and the publications are listed on the inside back
34、 cover. Subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications apply to this Section of BSAU50-2only when incorporated in it by updating or revision. 3.2.2 Informative references This Section of BSAU50-2 refers to other publications that provide information or guidance. The editions of
35、 these publications current at the time of issue of this standard are listed on the inside back cover, but reference should be made to the latest editions. 3.3 Definitions For the purposes of this Section of BSAU50-2, the following definitions apply: 3.3.1 nut hexagonal component with an axial, thre
36、aded hole and with its intended contact face of conical shape, spherical shape, or carrying a flat-faced, captive washers; used to secure the road-wheel to the hub 3.3.2 captive washer washer secured to a nut so as to prevent loss of the washer but to permit rotation of the nut on the washer about t
37、he axis of the thread 3.3.3 bolt externally threaded fixing with a head on one end and usually with a portion of unthreaded shank adjacent to the head 3.3.4 stud externally threaded component with threads at both ends and usually with a flat-faced, cone-faced, or spherical-faced collar near to the c
38、entre portion 3.3.5 critical dimensions dimensions which ensure interchangeability and avoid the creation of features likely to result in poor fatigue strength 3.3.6 clamping force the force which is applied by the bearing face of the fastener against a mating component after application of a specif
39、ied tightening torque 3.4 Information and requirements to be agreed and to be documented The following items to be agreed between the contracting parties, which are specified in the clauses referred to, shall be fully documented. Both the definitive requirements specified throughout this Section of
40、BSAU50-2and the following documented items shall be satisfied before a claim of conformity can be made and verified: a) the type of stud or bolt material, i.e.through-hardened or case-hardened (see3.7); b) special coatings of nuts, studs or bolts (see3.9); c) any lubrication requirements (see3.14.5)
41、; d) the sampling rates for design evaluation and conformity of production (seeB.1, B.2).BSAU50-2.3:1994 2 BSI 10-1999 3.5 Surface condition Nuts and captive washers, bolts, and studs shall be free from loose scale and corrosion. Nuts shall conform to BSEN493:1992in respect of surface discontinuitie
42、s. Bolts and studs shall conform to BSEN26157-3:1992in respect of surface discontinuities. 3.6 Captive washers for spigot-type wheel-nuts Nuts intended for spigot-type wheels shall incorporate a captive washer. Where a captive washer is retained on the nut by means of a swaged, thin-wall extension t
43、o the nut, such swaging shall: a) be free from splits; b) securely retain the washer; c) permit the washer sufficient general freedom such that the self-aligning properties of the nut on the washer are not impaired. 3.7 Materials 3.7.1 Bolts and studs 3.7.1.1 Through-hardened and tempered materials
44、The material shall conform to either condition V of BS970-1:1991or BS970-3:1991 or property class10.9of BSEN20898-1:1992 (see3.4). 3.7.1.2 Case-hardened materials For bolts requiring high surface hardness, case-hardened or surface-hardened steels shall be used (see3.4). The metallurgical conditions
45、after heat-treatment shall be: a) surface hardness between380HV5and500HV5; b) case depth0.25mm maximum; c) core hardness between300HV30and380HV30. 3.7.2 Nuts Nuts shall be made of steel conforming to either condition U of BS970-1:1991 or property class10of BSEN20898-6:1992. 3.8 Forming of bolts and
46、studs In any manufacturing operation, a smooth fillet radius shall be formed at the junction of any head or collar with the shank. For fillet radii having a90arc, the sizes shall conform to Table 3 and Table 4 of3.11.4, which are sizes equivalent to those in ISO885:1976. Where fillet radii need to b
47、e undercut to prevent interference with the corners of mating holes, such radii shall be formed axially into the face of the head or collar rather than radially into the shank (seealso3.11.4). NOTE 1Heads and collars should preferably be formed by hot or cold forging, and machining of such features
48、from blanks or bar-stock should be permitted only by special agreement between the stud/bolt manufacturer and the vehicle or hub manufacturer, or, in the case of obsolete designs where the vehicle manufacturer is no longer in business, by special agreement between the stud/bolt manufacturer, the com
49、ponent supplier, and the user. NOTE 2Screw threads and spline serrations should preferably be formed by rolling. If threads or splines are to be machine-cut and either left in a machined state or finished by rolling, this should be permitted only by special agreement between the stud/bolt manufacturer and the vehicle or hub manufacturer, or, in the case of obsolete designs where the vehicle manufacturer is no longer in business, by special agreement
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