BS DD CEN TS 15680-2007 Prefabricated timber stairs - Mechanical test methods《预制木楼梯 机械试验方法》.pdf

1、Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 25/03/2008 07:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIg49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58I

2、CS 91.060.30Prefabricated timber stairs Mechanical test methodsDRAFT FOR DEVELOPMENTDD CEN/TS 15680:2007DD CEN/TS 15680:2007Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 25/03/2008 07:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIThis Draft for Development was published under the authority of the Standards

3、 Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 58696 5withdraw it. Comments should be sent to the Secretary of the responsible BSI Technical Committee at British Standards House, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to

4、Technical Committee B/543, Round and sawn timber.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Amendments iss

5、ued since publicationDate Commentsfor its conversion to a European standard. A review of this publication will be initiated not later than 3 years after its publication by the European organization so that a decision can be taken on its status. Notification of the start of the review period will be

6、made in an announcement in the appropriate issue of Update Standards.According to the replies received by the end of the review period, the responsible BSI Committee will decide whether to support the conversion into a European Standard, to extend the life of the Technical Specification or to Nation

7、al forewordThis Draft for Development is the UK implementation of CEN/TS 15680:2007.This publication is not to be regarded as a British Standard.It is being issued in the Draft for Development series of publications and is of a provisional nature. It should be applied on this provisional basis, so t

8、hat information and experience of its practical application can be obtained.Comments arising from the use of this Draft for Development are requested so that UK experience can be reported to the European organization responsible TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONSPCIFICATION TECHNIQUETECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATIONCE

9、N/TS 15680November 2007ICS 91.060.30English VersionPrefabricated timber stairs - Mechanical test methodsEscaliers prfabriqus en bois - Mthodes dessaimcaniquesVorgefertigte Holztreppen - Mechanische PrfverfahrenThis Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 24 September 2007 for provisi

10、onal application.The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit theircomments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.CEN members are required to announce the

11、 existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS availablepromptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS

12、into an EN is reached.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovaki

13、a, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for C

14、EN national Members.Ref. No. CEN/TS 15680:2007: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 25/03/2008 07:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI2 Contents Page Foreword5 Introduction .6 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions .7 4 Determination of mechanical strength of balust

15、ers under static load on prefabricated railing system : handrails or balustrades .7 4.1 General7 4.2 Principle7 4.3 Equipment 7 4.4 Conditioning.9 4.5 Sampling.9 4.6 Procedure .9 4.7 Results 10 5 Determination of mechanical strength under distributed static load of prefabricated systems : handrails

16、or balustrades .10 5.1 General10 5.2 Principle10 5.3 Equipment 10 5.3.1 Support structure.10 5.3.2 Distributed load application system10 5.4 Conditioning.11 5.5 Sampling.11 5.6 Procedure .11 5.7 Calculated value.11 5.8 Test results.12 6 Determination of mechanical strength under dynamic loads of pre

17、fabricated systems : handrails or balustrades .12 6.1 General12 6.2 Principle12 6.3 Equipment 12 6.3.1 Support structure.12 6.3.2 Hanging impact body system.12 6.3.3 Survey system13 6.4 Conditioning.13 6.5 Sampling.13 6.6 Procedure .13 6.7 Results 14 7 Determination of mechanical strength under vert

18、ical static load on handrails14 7.1 General14 7.2 Principle14 7.3 Equipment 14 7.4 Conditioning.14 7.5 Sampling.15 7.6 Procedure .15 7.7 Results 15 CEN/TS 15680:2007 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 25/03/2008 07:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI3 8 Determination of mechanical str

19、ength under concentrated static loads on panels of prefebricated systems: handrails or balustrades 15 8.1 General .15 8.2 Principle16 8.3 Equipment 16 8.3.1 Support structure 16 8.3.2 Virtually rigid anchorage system.16 8.3.3 Loading application and measurement system .16 8.3.4 Survey system .16 8.4

20、 Conditioning 16 8.5 Sampling.16 8.6 Procedure.16 8.7 Results17 9 Determination of load bearing capacity for flights of stairs .17 9.1 General .17 9.2 Principle17 9.3 Equipment 18 9.3.1 Support structure 18 9.3.2 Distributed load application system18 9.4 Conditioning 18 9.5 Sampling.18 9.6 Procedure

21、.18 9.7 Characteristic value 18 9.8 Results19 10 Determination of flight deflection under distributed static load 19 10.1 General .19 10.2 Principle19 10.3 Equipment 19 10.3.1 Support structure 19 10.3.2 Load application system.19 10.3.3 Survey system .19 10.4 Conditioning 19 10.5 Sampling.19 10.6 P

22、rocedure.20 10.7 Results20 11 Determination of mechanical strength under dynamic loads on steps included in flights or on flights of stairs in prefebricated stairs20 11.1 General .20 11.2 Principle20 11.3 Equipment 20 11.3.1 Support structure 20 11.3.2 Hanging impact body system 21 11.3.3 Survey sys

23、tem .21 11.4 Conditioning 21 11.5 Sampling.21 11.6 Procedure.21 11.7 Results21 12 Determination of bending strength of steps of prefabricated stairs .21 12.1 General .21 12.2 Principle22 12.3 Equipment 22 12.3.1 Support structure 22 12.3.2 Load application and measurement system.22 12.3.3 Survey sys

24、tem .22 12.4 Conditioning 22 12.5 Sampling.22 12.6 Procedure.22 CEN/TS 15680:2007 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 25/03/2008 07:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI4 12.7 Characteristic value.23 12.8 Results 23 13 Determination of step deflection under vertical static load 23 13.1 G

25、eneral23 13.2 Principle23 13.3 Equipment 23 13.3.1 Support structure.23 13.3.2 Load application and measurement system.23 13.3.3 Survey system24 13.4 Conditioning.24 13.5 Sampling.24 13.6 Procedure .24 13.7 Results 24 14 Test laboratory.24 Annex A (informative) Examples of calculation on ultimate li

26、mit states.25 A.1 Test until failure .25 A.1.1 Examples with 3 series .25 A.1.2 Example with 10 series .26 A.2 Test without failure28 A.2.1 Example with 3 series .28 A.2.2 Example with 10 series .28 Bibliography 29 CEN/TS 15680:2007 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 25/03/2008 0

27、7:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI5 Foreword This document (CEN/TS 15680:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 175 “Round and sawn timber”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

28、patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulg

29、aria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN/TS 15680:2007 Licensed Copy

30、: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 25/03/2008 07:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI6 Introduction There are a number of methods of evaluating the mechanical performance of stairs. These include: - testing, - calculation, - conventional accepted performance. All methods have equal validity. This s

31、tandard identifies a number of possible test methods which can be used. 1 Scope This Technical Specification gives test methods for prefabricated timber stairs. These stairs are made from timber and/or wood-based materials. The methods included in this document can also be used for single components

32、 used in stairs (e.g. steps, handrails, balusters, ). This document does not consider the overall structure design of these elements. Stairs that are designed to contribute to the overall stability of the works or to the strength of the structure are not covered by this standard. The surfaces of the

33、 timber elements may be exposed or covered by finishes. NOTE 1 Where stairs are supplied with a finish or covering, some basic characteristics will not be covered by this standard and references should be made to the appropriate product standard (e.g. colour fastness of carpet finishes) NOTE 2 Where

34、 the term “stair“ is used in this document, it may also apply to individual element or component where appropriate Tests can be carried out on a complete fully assembled system according to manufacturer installation instructions or on individual components. A fully assembled stair test cannot be use

35、d to evaluate individual components. There is no particular hierarchy of sequences or the need to carry out all the tests. NOTE The nature of used tests and elements can be given by national regulations. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application

36、of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1991-1-1, Eurocode 1 : Actions on structures Part 1-1:General actions Densities, self-weight, imposed loads for buildin

37、gs CEN/TS 15680:2007 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 25/03/2008 07:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI7 EN 14076 : 2004, Timber stairs Terminology PrEN 15644 : 2007, Traditionally designed prefabricated stairs made of solid wood Specifications and requirements. 3 Terms and definiti

38、ons For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 14076:2004 and in prEN 15644:2007 apply. 4 Determination of mechanical strength of balusters under static load on prefabricated railing system : handrails or balustrades 4.1 General This test provides a method to determine

39、mechanical strength under concentrated static load of balusters made also with different materials, being a part of prefabricated railing system, handrails or balustrades. This test applies to all handrails or balustrades of any material used for their construction, as usually installed and used, ac

40、cording to producer recommendations, in a construction. It does not apply to handrails or balustrades made on site and/or installed with building works. 4.2 Principle Application of a concentrated load on a standardized conical element put between two balusters, checking deformations and possible br

41、eaks of these elements and their anchorages. NOTE The conical element is the concentrated load application device made with rigid material ( for wood 700 kg/m3), cone-shaped or frustum of cone, with 30 summit angle and base diameter 200 mm. 4.3 Equipment 4.3.1 A support structure which is composed b

42、y rigid frame to fix the components system of, balustrade or handrail , according to producer instruction : such a frame shall allow the installation of different components in horizontal or vertical position (balustrade or handrail), see Figure 1. CEN/TS 15680:2007 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCH

43、ANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 25/03/2008 07:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI8 Figure 1 Example of a support structure CEN/TS 15680:2007 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 25/03/2008 07:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI9 4.3.2 Virtually rigid anchorage system of upper element of handrail or ba

44、lustrade. 4.3.3 Concentrated load application system including cone-shape or frustum of cone interposed element as above-mentioned 4.4 Conditioning Temperature and air humidity of the laboratory shall be specified in test report. 4.5 Sampling For 3 tests, the sampling is composed at least by 6 balus

45、ters. 4.6 Procedure For individual components, tested system shall be fixed into the support structure; The top of the tested element, next to load application point of the balusters, shall be locked, to avoid deformations during load application; Put load application system, so that the interpositi

46、on cone is placed between two balusters on the worst position, typically closest to the half of their height, measured between the lowest and the upper anchorage; Apply the load according to tested elements use (see prEN 15644:2007, Table A.3); load application shall be progressive (not less than 5

47、s) and in direction towards the external side of the balustrade or handrail (see Figure 2) and maintain for 15 minutes ; Measure the largest distance between the two balusters, within 2 minutes of load application and at the end of the test or note the damage, if any, at the level checked or done ;

48、The test shall be repeated for each sample (at least 3 pairs of balusters). Figure 2 Example of load application CEN/TS 15680:2007 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 25/03/2008 07:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI10 4.7 Results At the end of the test, check and record any possible d

49、eterioration on tested element which compromise its integrity and it functionality : damages of each component of element or relevant anchorage system; Specify equipment used; Record deformation in each measurement point and the arrow marked under and after loading. 5 Determination of mechanical strength under distributed static load of prefabricated systems : handrails or balustrades 5.1 General This test provides a method to determine mechanical strength under distributed static loads of prefabricated systems, (handrails or balustrades) as p