1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationElectroacoustics Simulators of human head and earPart 7: Head and torso simulator for the measurement of hearing aidsDD IEC/TS 60318-7:2011National forewordThis Draft for Develop
2、ment is the UK implementation of IEC/TS 60318-7:2011.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EPL/29, Electroacoustics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include al
3、l the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 71387 3 ICS 17.140.50Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This Draft for Development was published under the authority of the Standards Poli
4、cy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2011.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedDRAFT FOR DEVELOPMENTDD IEC/TS 60318-7:2011IEC/TS 60318-7Edition 1.0 2011-02TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONElectroacoustics Simulators of human head and ear Part 7: Head and torso simulator for the measure
5、ment of hearing aids INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION VICS 17.140.50 PRICE CODEISBN 978-2-88912-379-7 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission DD IEC/TS 60318-7:2011 2 TS 60318-7 IEC:2011(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD 3 INTRODUCTION . 5 1 Scope . . 6 2 Normative referenc
6、es . 6 3 Terms and definitions . 6 4 Construction . 11 4.1 General . . 11 4.2 Geometrical dimensions of the manikin . . 11 4.2.1 Torso . 11 4.2.2 Head . 18 4.2.3 Pinna . 24 4.2.4 Ear simulator 28 4.2.5 Materials . 29 4.2.6 Markings . 29 4.2.7 Tolerances . 29 4.3 Acoustical characteristics of the man
7、ikin . . 29 4.3.1 Free field frequency response . 29 4.3.2 Tolerances . 29 4.3.3 Openings . 30 5 Calibration . . 30 5.1 Atmospheric reference conditions . 30 5.2 Calibration method . 30 5.2.1 General . 30 5.2.2 Test space and measurement equipment . 30 5.2.3 Measurement of sound pressure level . 31
8、5.2.4 Alignment of manikin azimuth and elevation . 31 5.2.5 Test for sound leakage . 31 6 Maximum permitted expanded uncertainty of measurements . . 32 Annex A (informative) Ear canal sound pressure ratio . 34 Bibliography . 35 Figure 1 Manikin geometrical references . 9 Figure 2 Coordinate scheme f
9、or azimuth and elevation angles 10 Figure 3 Illustration of manikin head and torso dimensions . 12 Figure 4 Cross-sections of torso (tolerance 4 mm) . . 17 Figure 5 Cross-sections of head (tolerance 2,5 mm) . 23 Figure 6 Illustration of manikin pinna dimensions . . 24 Figure 7 Cross-sections of righ
10、t pinna (tolerance 1,5 mm) . . 28 Table 1 Head and torso dimensions for the manikin and average human data 12 Table 2 Pinna dimensions for the manikin . 24 Table 3 Free field frequency response of the manikin . . 32 Table 4 Values of Umaxfor basic measurements . 33 Table A.1 Ear canal sound pressure
11、 ratio . 34 DD IEC/TS 60318-7:2011TS 60318-7 IEC:2011(E) 3 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ ELECTROACOUSTICS SIMULATORS OF HUMAN HEAD AND EAR Part 7: Head and torso simulator for the measurement of hearing aids FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide
12、 organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activi
13、ties, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject d
14、ealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determin
15、ed by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committee
16、s. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which the
17、y are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication a
18、nd the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not resp
19、onsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical co
20、mmittees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publica
21、tions. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of pa
22、tent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. In exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical specification when the require
23、d support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard, despite repeated efforts, or the subject is still under technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard. Technical specif
24、ications are subject to review within three years of publication to decide whether they can be transformed into International Standards. IEC/TS 60318-7, which is a technical specification, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 29: Electroacoustics. DD IEC/TS 60318-7:2011 4 TS 60318-7 IEC:2011
25、E) The text of this technical specification is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 29/716/DTS 29/729A/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical specification can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication
26、has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all parts of the IEC 60318 series, published under the general title Electroacoustics Simulators of human head and ear, can be found on the IEC website. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will
27、remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be transformed into an International standard, reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended.
28、A bilingual version of this document may be issued at a later date. DD IEC/TS 60318-7:2011TS 60318-7 IEC:2011(E) 5 INTRODUCTION This technical specification describes a head and torso simulator for hearing aid measurements. It has been developed as a revision of IEC/TR 60959 (1990). The main changes
29、 as compared to the technical report, are the insertion of maximum permitted expanded measurement uncertainties and additional references in the Bibliography. A future IEC Standard which will include additional models of head and torso simulators for hearing aid measurements is planned. DD IEC/TS 6
30、0318-7:2011 6 TS 60318-7 IEC:2011(E) ELECTROACOUSTICS SIMULATORS OF HUMAN HEAD AND EAR Part 7: Head and torso simulator for the measurement of hearing aids 1 Scope This part of IEC 60318 describes a head and torso simulator (manikin) intended for the measurement of air-conduction hearing aids in the
31、 frequency range from 100 Hz to 10 000 Hz. The device consists of a head mounted on a torso that extends to the waist. The head is equipped with simulated pinnae and with cylindrical cavities having acoustic impedance terminations and microphones located at positions corresponding to those of the ea
32、rdrums in a median human adult. It has been designed to provide acoustic diffraction similar to that encountered around the median human head and torso. The device with its present pinna simulator, however, is not suitable for the measurement of all types of hearing aids. For example, most in-the-ea
33、r (ITE) and completely-in-the-canal (CIC) hearing aids cannot be measured correctly. The manikin is specified in terms of both, its geometrical dimensions and its acoustical properties. NOTE 1 Measurement results obtained with a manikin may differ substantially from similar results obtained on an in
34、dividual person, due to anatomical variations. NOTE 2 The median values of the human head and torso were drawn from the population samples described in 51. NOTE 3 It is acknowledged that devices conforming to this part of IEC 60318 are also used as the basis for applications extending beyond this Sc
35、ope. In such cases it is recommended that any design variations that are necessary are documented, and that a statistical analysis of the measurement data be carried out to determine the level of repeatability that can be achieved. It will also be necessary to consider the relevance of the measureme
36、nts made with the head and torso simulator to the application in question. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referen
37、ced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60318-4, Simulators of human head and ear Part 4: Occluded-ear simulator for the measurement of earphones coupled to the ear by means of ear inserts ISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in m
38、easurement (GUM:1995) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. Reference is also made to Figure 1 and Figure 2. 1Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography. DD IEC/TS 60318-7:2011TS 60318-7 IEC:2011(E) 7 3.1 manikin head and tors
39、o simulator extending downward from the top of the head to the waist and designed to simulate the acoustic diffraction produced by a median adult human head and torso NOTE The head includes two pinna simulators, and contains at least one ear simulator. 3.2 pinna simulator device which has the approx
40、imate shape and dimensions of a median adult human pinna 3.3 ear simulator device for measuring the acoustic output of sound sources where the sound pressure is measured by a calibrated microphone coupled to the source so that the overall acoustic impedance of the device approximates that of the nor
41、mal human ear at a given location and in a given frequency band NOTE In this technical specification it comprises an ear canal extension and an occluded ear simulator. 3.4 occluded ear simulator ear simulator which approximates the acoustic transfer impedance of the inner part of the ear canal, from
42、 the tip of an ear insert to the eardrum NOTE An occluded ear simulator is standardised in IEC 60318-4. 3.5 ear canal extension device that provides a connection between the ear canal of an occluded ear simulator and the aperture of a device simulating the concha 3.6 reference plane of the occluded
43、ear simulator plane perpendicular to the axis of the ear canal, at the junction between the occluded ear simulator and the ear canal extension 3.7 reference point of the manikin point bisecting the line joining the centres of the openings of the ear canals (at the junction between concha and ear can
44、al) 3.8 plane of symmetry of the manikin virtual plane passing through the reference point of the manikin that divides the left and right portions of the manikin into symmetrical halves, left and right to be interpreted as for the human torso (see Figure 1) NOTE No real human is perfectly symmetrica
45、l. 3.9 axis of rotation of the manikin straight line about which the manikin can be rotated, passing through the reference point of the manikin and lying in the plane of symmetry of the manikin, and having a direction that would be vertical if the manikin were mounted in a position corresponding to
46、that of a standing person (see Figure 1) DD IEC/TS 60318-7:2011 8 TS 60318-7 IEC:2011(E) 3.10 reference plane of the manikin plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation that contains the reference point of the manikin 3.11 test point reproducible position in the test space at which the sound pressur
47、e level is measured with the manikin absent and at which the reference point of the manikin is to be located for test purposes 3.12 test axis line joining the test point and the centre of the sound source (see Figure 2) 3.13 test plane plane perpendicular to the test axis and containing the test poi
48、nt 3.14 azimuth angle of sound incidence angle between the plane of symmetry of the manikin (see Figure 2) and the plane defined by the axis of rotation and the test axis; when the manikin faces the sound source, the azimuth angle of sound incidence is defined as 0 NOTE When the right ear of the man
49、ikin faces the sound source, the angle is defined as +90. When the left ear of the manikin faces the sound source, the angle is defined as +270. 3.15 elevation angle of sound incidence angle between the reference plane of the manikin and the test axis (see Figure 2); when the vertex points towards the sound source, the elevation angle is defined as +90 NOTE When the test axis lies in the reference plane, the elevation angle is defined as 0. DD
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