1、DRAFT FOR DEVELOPMENTDD IEC/TS 60680:2008Test methods of plasma equipment for electroheat and electrochemical applications ICS 25.180.10g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g3
2、8g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58DD IEC/TS 60680:2008This Draft for Development was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 60159 0National forewordThis Draft for Development is the UK implementation of IEC/TS 60680:2008
3、.This publication is not to be regarded as a British Standard.It is being issued in the Draft for Development series of publications and is of a provisional nature. It should be applied on this provisional basis, so that information and experience of its practical application can be obtained.Comment
4、s arising from the use of this Draft for Development are requested so that UK experience can be reported to the international organization responsible for its conversion to an international standard. A review of this publication will be initiated not later than three years after its publication by t
5、he international organization so that a decision can be taken on its status. Notification of the start of the review period will be made in an announcement in the appropriate issue of Update Standards.According to the replies received by the end of the review period, the responsible BSI Committee wi
6、ll decide whether to support the conversion into an international Standard, to extend the life of the Technical Specification or to withdraw it. Comments should be sent to the Secretary of the responsible BSI Technical Committee at British Standards House, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL.The U
7、K participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PEL/27, Electroheating.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsi
8、ble for its correct application.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsIEC/TS 60680Edition 1.0 2008-03TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONTest methods of plasma equipment for electroheat and electrochemical applications DD IEC/TS 60680:2008CONTENTS 1 Scope and object3 2 Normative references .
9、3 3 Terms and definitions .3 4 Type and general conditions of tests 7 4.1 List of tests and measurements applicable to thermal plasma torch systems .7 4.1.1 Arc plasma systems.7 4.1.2 Inductive plasma systems9 4.2 List of measurements and tests applicable to installations using plasma torches9 4.2.1
10、 Spraying installations 9 4.2.2 Solid, liquid and gaseous charge heating and electrochemical installations .10 4.3 General test conditions11 5 Description of testing and measuring methods11 5.1 Tests applicable to plasma systems 11 5.1.1 Arc plasma torch systems11 5.1.2 Inductive plasma torch.14 5.2
11、 Tests applicable to installations using plasma torches.16 5.2.1 Spraying installations or equipment .16 5.2.2 Solid, liquid and gaseous charge heating and electrochemical installations .17 6 Reference tables 18 Annex A (normative) Standard energy efficiency definition of d.c. arc plasma torch and p
12、lasma torch system 19 Annex B (informative) Human exposure to electromagnetic fields 21 Annex C (normative) Standard energy efficiency definition of inductive plasma torch and torch system 22 Bibliography24 2 DD IEC/TS 60680:2008TEST METHODS OF PLASMA EQUIPMENT FOR ELECTROHEAT AND ELECTROCHEMICAL AP
13、PLICATIONS 1 Scope and object This Technical Specification specifies test methods for a) thermal plasma torch systems: arc plasma systems; inductive plasma systems; b) installation using thermal plasma torch systems: spraying equipment; solid, liquid and gaseous charge heating and thermochemical tre
14、atment equipment. Test methods for plasma torches for welding, cutting and allied processes are specified in IEC 60974-7. The object of this specification is to standardize the test methods and conditions for determining the main parameters and technical characteristics of thermal plasma torch syste
15、ms and of installations (or equipment) using one or more plasma torch systems. Not all the tests specified are applicable to every type of equipment, covered by this specification. It is necessary to select those tests which are applicable to a specified plasma torch system or installation. This sel
16、ection is effective in the specification. Safety requirements for systems and installations or equipment specified in a) and b) are given in IEC/TS 60519-5. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only th
17、e edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60050-841:2004, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary Part 841: Industrial electroheat IEC 60398:1999, Industrial electroheating installations General test metho
18、ds 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-841 and the following apply. 3.1 plasma any ionized gas consisting of free electrons, ions and neutral particles (atoms and/or molecules and/or radicals), electrically neutral on a macroscopic
19、scale and electrically conductive IEV 841-31-01, modified 3 DD IEC/TS 60680:20083.2 thermal plasma plasma in local thermodynamic equilibrium, at around atmospheric pressure or above NOTE In IEC standards, related to equipment or installations, the use of the plain word “plasma“ for “thermal plasma“
20、is tolerated. IEV 841-31-07 3.3 plasma heating method of heating using thermal plasma as a heat source IEV 841-31-02 3.4 arc plasma arc thermal plasma thermal plasma generated by an electric discharge between electrodes in a fluid NOTE The plasma arc column is characterized by high current density,
21、up to 100 A/mm2, at pressures of the same order as atmospheric pressure. IEV 841-31-10 3.5 inductive plasma thermal plasma in which ionization is obtained by excitation of a gas in a high-frequency electromagnetic field IEV 841-31-12, modified 3.6 plasma gas any gas, vapour or fluid to be brought to
22、 the state of plasma IEV 841-31-14 3.7 plasma torch electroheat equipment in which an inlet gas stream is converted by electric energy supplied to a plasma flow prior to its ejection IEV 841-31-29 3.8 arc plasma torch electroheat equipment in which an inlet gas stream is converted to a plasma flow b
23、y electric energy supplied from an arc discharge prior to its ejection NOTE Arc plasma torches can be supplied either by AC or DC current. IEV 841-31-30 3.9 transferred arc plasma torch arc plasma torch in which the main arc is maintained between an internal electrode (contained within the torch) an
24、d a liquid or solid medium (or a solid workpiece), electrically conductive, constituting or including an external electrode for current return IEV 841-31-32 4 DD IEC/TS 60680:20083.10 non-transferred arc plasma torch arc plasma torch in which the main arc is maintained between two or more electrodes
25、 regarded as torch components IEV 841-31-31 3.11 plasma jet high velocity plasma flow supplied by a non-transferred arc plasma torch or by an inductive plasma torch IEV 841-31-18 3.12 non-electrode plasma torch plasma torch with no electrode, supplied by high frequency source of inductive or capacit
26、ive type IEV 841-31-36) 3.13 induction plasma torch plasma torch in which the plasma flow is generated by an a.c. high-frequency magnetic field produced by a high-frequency current established in a coil IEV 841-31-38, modified 3.14 ignition of a plasma torch initiation of the transition from non-ion
27、ized plasma gas to plasma state, carried into effect by a starting-up equipment IEV 841-31-15, modified 3.15 high-frequency ignition device (of a plasma torch) device used in an arc plasma torch to ignite the arc by a high voltage and high-frequency electric discharge between the electrodes IEV 841-
28、31-16, modified 3.16 short-circuit ignition device (of a plasma torch) device used in an arc plasma torch to ignite the arc by creating a short circuit between the electrodes IEV 841-31-17 3.17 nozzle (of a plasma torch) part of a plasma torch allowing shaping the plasma flow prior to its ejection i
29、n order to increase its speed and/or its energy density IEV 841-31-40, modified 3.18 cathode (of a non-transferred or transferred plasma torch) negative electrode of a d.c. arc plasma torch 5 DD IEC/TS 60680:2008NOTE 1 The cathode may be made of a high electrical and thermal conductivity material, s
30、uch as copper(water cooled) or of a refractory metal, such as wolfram, or of graphite, water cooled if necessary. NOTE 2 The return current electrode of a transferred plasma torch serves sometimes as the cathode. IEV 841-31-42, modified 3.19 anode (of a non-transferred or transferred plasma torch) p
31、ositive electrode of a d.c. arc plasma torch NOTE 1 The anode is usually made of a high electrical and thermal conductivity material, such as copper, and water cooled. NOTE 2 The return current electrode of a transferred plasma torch serves in most cases as the anode. NOTE 3 In a non-transferred pla
32、sma torch, the anode is often the torch nozzle. IEV 841-31-41 3.20 normal operation of a plasma torch operation characterized by reproducible working conditions defined by the type and composition of the gas, its mass flow rate and the arc current 3.21 specified current of a plasma torch maximum cur
33、rent which can be used (for a given plasma gas) by a plasma torch 3.22 specified power of a plasma torch maximum power which can be used (for a given plasma gas) by a plasma torch 3.23 thermal power of a plasma torch thermal power delivered by the torch, defined as the gas mass flow rate multiplied
34、by its average enthalpy 3.24 energy efficiency of a plasma torch ratio of delivered thermal power to the active input power 3.25 plasma temperature instantaneous local temperature within a plasma IEV 841-31-45 3.26 plasma average enthalpy plasma mean enthalpy quotient of the power delivered by the p
35、lasma torch by the plasma gas mass flow rate IEV 841-31-44 3.27 plasma system equipment for the production of thermal plasma, consisting of the plasma torch, its power supply, gas and cooling utilities and a control unit 6 DD IEC/TS 60680:20083.28 plasma furnace electroheat equipment comprising a re
36、fractory lined chamber in which a charge is heated by one or more plasma torches and generally used to melt or to smelt materials at high temperatures IEV 841-31-25 3.29 plasma reactor electroheat equipment comprising a chamber for a thermochemical processing of material by plasma torches IEV 841-31
37、-27 3.30 plasma installation installation to carry on the plasma process, consisting of a plasma system and, in most cases of a plasma furnace or reactor, including all necessary auxiliary equipment for heating or thermally treating materials 3.31 plasma spraying coating in which material introduced
38、 in the form of powder or wire and melted in a plasma jet is sprayed onto a surface IEV 841-31-24 3.32 powder deposition efficiency ratio of the mass flow rate of powder consolidated on a substrate to the mass flow rate of powder fed to the torch 4 Type and general conditions of tests 4.1 List of te
39、sts and measurements applicable to thermal plasma torch systems 4.1.1 Arc plasma systems Arc plasma systems shall be subjected to the following tests and measurements. 4.1.1.1 Arc power supply tests Power supplies used for arc plasma generation are generally either a.c. of 50 Hz or 60 Hz, or d.c., o
40、btained by using semiconductor devices, for example thyristors, IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) or IGCT (Integrated Gate Commutated Thyristor). For a.c. and d.c. type supply, the following tests are applicable: a) verification of equipotential bonding by measurement; b) measurement of insul
41、ation resistance; c) dielectric test; d) regulation mode test: off-load test, on-load test; e) determination of energy efficiency; 7 DD IEC/TS 60680:2008For d.c. type supply only: f) measurement of ripple factor. 4.1.1.2 Gas circuit tests The flow/pressure characteristics of the gas circuit shall be
42、 determined. 4.1.1.3 Cooling circuit tests The following measurements and tests are applicable: a) determination of the flow/pressure characteristics; b) measurement of cooling liquid inlet and outlet temperature as a function of the mass flow rate at maximum steady-state power of the plasma system;
43、 c) measurement of the cooling liquid electrical resistivity. 4.1.1.4 Ignition test For plasma systems ignited by a high frequency device, measurements of electromagnetic emissions around the ignition device shall be made according to the regulations in force in the country in which the plasma syste
44、m is to be used. They shall comply with local regulations. 4.1.1.5 Plasma torch tests The followings standard tests are performed assuming that the torch operates at external atmospheric conditions: a) static sealing test under cooling liquid filling; b) verification of equipotential bonding by meas
45、urement; c) measurement of insulation resistance; d) dielectric test; e) ignition test: high frequency ignition device: check of ignition capability for the plasma gas(es) to be used, short-circuit ignition device: electrical continuity, check of ignition capability for the plasma gas(es) to be used
46、; f) determination of the voltage/current characteristics at several plasma gas mass flow rates, for each specified plasma gas; g) determination of the thermal power and electrical power under different operating conditions; h) determination of the average enthalpy under different operating conditio
47、ns; i) determination of energy efficiency; j) temperature measurement of accessible parts of the torch; k) acoustic level measurement under different operating conditions; l) electromagnetic emissions measurement under different operating conditions, according to appropriate standards; m) for arc tr
48、ansferred plasma torch, thermal radiation measurement under different operating conditions; n) electrodes erosion measurement. NOTE This type of measurement is not obligatory and results from an agreement between the manufacturer and the user. 8 DD IEC/TS 60680:20084.1.2 Inductive plasma systems Ind
49、uctive plasma systems shall be subjected to the following measurements and tests. 4.1.2.1 Inductive power supply tests Power supplies used for RF inductive plasma generation are generally operated in the radio frequency MHz range (typically between 2 MHz and 27,6 MHz). Exceptionally, this range is extended downwards to the 200 kHz to 300 kHz range and upwards up to 40 MHz. Power supplies operating with frequencies in the MHz range at power levels of tens to hundreds kW are generally of the triode
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