1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58and stair coveringsICS 13.220.50; 91.060.30Reaction to fire tests Fire growth Full-scale test for s
2、tairs DRAFT FOR DEVELOPMENTDD ISO/TS 22269:2005DD ISO/TS 22269:2005This Draft for Development was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 50729 8an international Standard, to extend the life of the Technical Specification or
3、to withdraw it. Comments should be sent to the Secretary of the responsible BSI Technical Committee at British Standards House, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee FSH/21, Reaction to fire tests.A list of organizations re
4、presented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Commentsthat UK experience can be repor
5、ted to the international organization responsible for its conversion to an international standard. A review of this publication will be initiated not later than 3 years after its publication by the international organization so that a decision can be taken on its status. Notification of the start of
6、 the review period will be made in an announcement in the appropriate issue of Update Standards.According to the replies received by the end of the review period, the responsible BSI Committee will decide whether to support the conversion into National forewordThis Draft for Development was publishe
7、d by BSI. It is the UK implementation of ISO/TS 22269:2005.This publication is not to be regarded as a British Standard.It is being issued in the Draft for Development series of publications and is of a provisional nature. It should be applied on this provisional basis, so that information and exper
8、ience of its practical application can be obtained.Comments arising from the use of this Draft for Development are requested so Reference numberISO/TS 22269:2005(E)TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS22269First edition2005-11-01Reaction to fire tests Fire growth Full-scale test for stairs and stair coveri
9、ngs Essais de raction au feu volution du feu Essai en vraie grandeur pour les escaliers et les revtements descaliers DD ISO/TS 22269:2005ii iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Principle. 2 5 Apparatus 3 6 Preparation of test
10、 specimen 3 7 Conditioning of test specimen and stair substrate. 3 8 Ignition source 4 9 Initial conditions . 4 10 Test procedure 4 11 Test report . 5 Annex A (informative) Ignition sources . 12 Bibliography . 15 DD ISO/TS 22269:2005iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization
11、) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be repr
12、esented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards ar
13、e drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Internation
14、al Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a technical committee may decide to publish other types of normative document: an ISO Publicly Available Specificati
15、on (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members of the parent committee casting a vote; an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a t
16、echnical committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting a vote. An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or wi
17、thdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an International Standard or be withdrawn. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
18、rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TS 22269 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire safety, Subcommittee SC 1, Fire initiation and growth. DD ISO/TS 22269:2005vIntroduction This document is being issued in the Technical Specificat
19、ion series of publications (according to the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, 3.1.1) as a “prospective standard for provisional application” because the current experience of full-scale fire testing of stairs is limited to laboratories in four countries. Further development of the procedures used is poss
20、ible and some additional inter-laboratory studies will be encouraged so that the precision of this potential International Standard may be determined. This document is not to be regarded as an “International Standard”. It is proposed for provisional application so that information and experience of
21、its use in practice may be gathered. Comments on the content of this document should be sent to the ISO/TC 92/SC 1 Secretary. DD ISO/TS 22269:2005blank1Reaction to fire tests Fire growth Full-scale test for stairs and stair coverings WARNING So that suitable precautions can be taken to safeguard hea
22、lth, the attention of all concerned in fire tests is drawn to the possibility that toxic or harmful gases can be evolved during combustion of test specimens. The test procedures involve high temperatures and combustion processes from ignition to a fully developed room fire. Therefore, hazards can ex
23、ist for burns, ignition of extraneous objects or clothing. The operators should use protective clothing, helmet, face-shield and equipment for avoiding exposure to toxic gases. Means for extinguishing a fully developed fire should be available. 1 Scope This test method describes a full-scale referen
24、ce scenario procedure for assessing the burning behaviour of stairs or stair coverings, when exposed to a defined ignition source. The risks addressed in this scenario are essentially those of a deliberate rather than an accidental fire. The ignition sources specified include a wood crib to represen
25、t a local attack with burning crumpled newspaper and a gas burner to represent a more severe attack when the whole width of the bottom step is attacked. The observations of burning behaviour provide a basis for assessing the fire exposure behaviour of stair coverings installed over different stair s
26、ubstrates. This method is applicable to all types of stair coverings that can be installed on stairs or to the stairs themselves. The results obtained from this method reflect the performance of the total stair covering system together with the stair substrate, as tested, and are not intended to be
27、the sole criterion for assessing the potential fire hazard of the product in use. Modifications to the stair covering, underlay, fixing system, stair substrate or other changes to the system can affect test results. Tests are performed with an enclosed or open-sided staircase. In this test method, t
28、here is no closure at the top of the stairs to represent a ceiling on a stairs landing. The top of the stairs assembly is open so that the tests are conducted under well-ventilated conditions. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this doc
29、ument. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 554, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing Specifications ISO 13943, Fire safety Vocabulary ISO/TR 14697, Fire tes
30、ts Guidance on the choice of substrates for building products ISO 13785-1, Reaction-to-fire tests for facades Part 1: Intermediate-scale test DD ISO/TS 22269:20052 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13943 apply, together with the followi
31、ng: 3.1 landing level part of a staircase between flights of steps or at the top 3.2 nosing projecting rounded edge of the step of a stair 3.3 riser upright part of a step 3.4 stair series of steps NOTE The term is usually applied in plural to signify a flight from landing to landing. 3.5 staircase
32、structure enclosing a stair 3.6 stairfoot level place at the foot of stairs 3.7 stairhead level place at the top of stairs 3.8 step one tread of a stair 3.9 stringboard board covering the ends of the steps 3.10 tread horizontal part of a step which is trodden on 4 Principle 4.1 A stair covering syst
33、em is installed onto full-scale stairs constructed from products representative of end use and is exposed to a defined ignition source, such as a wood crib or propane burner (see Annex A). 4.2 Following ignition, any flame front that develops on the stairs is noted and a record made of the progressi
34、on of the flame front horizontally or vertically across the risers and treads. The results are expressed in terms of time of the flame front to reach various positions on the stairs. 4.3 When the stairs are installed underneath an appropriate calorimeter hood/duct system, measurements on fire efflue
35、nts, such as heat, smoke and combustion gases, can also be made. DD ISO/TS 22269:200535 Apparatus 5.1 Details of the apparatus are shown in Figures 1 to 6. Lengths of steel angle are fixed to square section steel uprights so as to support the treads and risers. The dimensions of the supporting frame
36、work are shown in Figures 4 and 5. 5.2 A suggested method of fixing the treads, risers and stringboards to the apparatus is shown in Figure 6. The actual fixings used will be dependent on the substrate, but where possible, the treads and risers shall be attached to the steel framework with screws fr
37、om the underside. If the treads are suitable, the stringboards can be held in place with screws passing through the stringboard into the ends of the treads. 5.3 Two rectangular frames, constructed from (40 1) mm (40 1) mm (5 0,1) mm steel angle, are used to support the material simulating the sidewa
38、lls. These are positioned on plates protruding from the angle at the base of the apparatus, such that the flat face of the angle frame is against the side of the stair. The panels simulating the staircase walls shall be fixed within the frames, and the frames shall be attached against the sides of t
39、he assembled stair. This can be done by either directly fixing to the ends of the lower and upper treads, to the stringers, or by a clamp to the steel upright at the rear of the apparatus. 5.4 The panels forming the sidewalls shall be plasterboard according to ISO/TR 14697. The test is not intended
40、to determine the effect of combustible wall finishes on the flame propagation over the stairs. If, in the intended end use, the material used in the walls or wall coverings is expected to contribute to the flame spread up the stairs, a similar material can be used to form the sidewalls of the appara
41、tus. 5.5 An appropriate anemometer shall be used to check the airflow up the stairs. It shall be positioned 50 mm above riser 0 (see Figure 1). 6 Preparation of test specimen 6.1 The specimen shall be representative of the stair or stair covering system and shall simulate actual installation practic
42、e, especially fixing methods and end-use stair substrate. 6.2 The stair covering shall be cut to the width of the stair, measured between the stringboards or to the sidewalls if stringboards are not used. The stair covering shall also be of a length sufficient to fully cover the 13 steps of the full
43、-scale stairs. 6.3 If the stair covering has a production direction or a directional surface effect that influence the fitting of it to a stair in normal use, the specimen for testing shall be cut from the floor covering in the same manner. 6.4 The stair or stair covering system shall be mounted on
44、a stair substrate that simulates the material used to construct the stair in its intended end use. Although the fixing of the substrate to the apparatus is different from the normal method of stair construction, the depth of the treads should be calculated so as to create a nosing representative of
45、end use. If gripper rods are used in the preparation of the test specimen, these shall be described in the test report. 6.5 If an adhesive is used in the preparation of the test specimen, it shall be the same as that used in practice and applied according to the manufacturers instructions. 6.6 Stair
46、 or stair covering systems utilizing an underlay or interlay in the actual end use shall be tested with this underlay or interlay. 7 Conditioning of test specimen and stair substrate 7.1 The stair or stair covering system and the components of the stair substrate shall be conditioned separately prio
47、r to assembly. Where this is not possible, for example with stair or stair covering systems that are glued to the substrate, the assembled test construction shall be conditioned. DD ISO/TS 22269:20054 7.2 All specimens shall be conditioned before test at a temperature of (23 2) C and a relative humi
48、dity of (50 5) %, according to one of the following options (see ISO 554): a) Conditioning for at least four days, until constant mass is achieved. Constant mass is attained when two successive weighing operations, carried out at an interval of 24 h, do not differ by more than 0,1 % of the mass of t
49、he specimen. b) Conditioning for at least three weeks. Use of this option is not allowed for wood-based products or cement-based products. c) Conditioning for at least four weeks. The final mass and the relative mass difference of two successive weighing operations, carried out (24 2) h and (2 2) h before the test, shall be reported. 7.3 The entire testing procedure until the end of the test shall be carried out within 3 h of removal of the specimen from the conditioning environment. 8 Ignition source
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