BS EN 1011-6-2005 Welding - Recommendations for welding of metallic materials - Part 6 Laser beam welding《焊接 金属材料焊接的建议 第6部分 激光束焊接》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 1011-6:2005Welding Recommendation for welding of metallic materials Part 6: Laser beam weldingThe European Standard EN 1011-6:2005 has the status of a British StandardICS 25.160.10g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g

2、40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Wed Apr 12 08:50:08 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 1011-6:2005This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Com

3、mittee on 26 January 2006 BSI 26 January 2006ISBN 0 580 47723 1National forewordThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN 1011-6:2005. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee WEE/-/1, Briefing committee for welding, which has the respon

4、sibility to:A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “Intern

5、ational Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a Briti

6、sh Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and Eur

7、opean developments and promulgate them in the UK.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 40, an inside back cover and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amend

8、ments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Wed Apr 12 08:50:08 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 1011-6December 2005ICS 25.160.10English VersionWelding - Recommendation for welding of metallic materials -Part 6

9、: Laser beam weldingSoudage - Recommandations pour le soudage desmatriaux mtalliques - Partie 6: Soudage par faisceaulaserSchweien - Empfehlungen zum Schweien metallischerWerkstoffen - Teil 6: LaserstrahlschweienThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 November 2005.CEN members are bound to

10、comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central S

11、ecretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the off

12、icialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,

13、 Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No

14、. EN 1011-6:2005: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Wed Apr 12 08:50:08 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 1011-6:2005 (E) 2 Contents Page 1 Scope .6 2 Normative references .6 3 Terms and definitions.6 4 Health and safety and protection of the environment6 5 Quality requirements 6 6 Equipment .7 6.1

15、 General 7 6.2 Provisions for acceptance testing.7 6.3 Provisions for maintenance and calibration.7 7 Qualification of welding personnel7 8 Welding procedure specification.8 9 Welding procedure test 8 10 Consumables 8 10.1 Filler metals.8 10.2 Gases .8 11 Design9 11.1 Overall design of structure or

16、product9 11.2 Joint design.9 11.3 Joint preparation.9 12 Laser beam welding10 12.1 Characteristics 10 12.2 Advantages and limitations12 12.3 Assembling and fixtures 13 12.4 Process control.13 12.5 Inspection and testing 13 12.6 Imperfections 13 Annex A (informative) Equipment .14 A.1 Description of

17、laser process14 A.2 Laser beam sources .15 A.3 Guiding, shaping and focusing the beam .17 A.4 Devices used to create a relative movement between the laser beam and the work piece 21 A.5 Fixtures used to hold the work piece 22 A.6 Cooling systems .22 A.7 Control systems22 Annex B (informative) Laser

18、beam properties23 Annex C (informative) Information about weldability of metallic materials .25 C.1 General 25 C.2 Steels and iron alloys .25 C.3 Nickel alloys 26 C.4 Aluminium and magnesium alloys 27 C.5 Copper and its alloys27 C.6 Refractory and reactive metals 27 C.7 Titanium and its alloys .27 C

19、.8 Dissimilar metals.28 C.9 Non-metals 28 Annex D (informative) Information about causes of weld imperfections and prevention.29 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Wed Apr 12 08:50:08 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 1011-6:2005 (E) 3 Annex E (informative) Beam control and monitoring 31 E.1 General

20、31 E.2 Focus point31 E.3 Beam alignment and pilot beam coincidence.31 E.4 Beam power.32 E.5 Beam power distribution 32 E.6 Nozzle alignment.32 E.7 Pulsed beam power data 33 E.8 Manipulators, guides etc. .33 Annex F (informative) Laser beam processing 34 F.1 Laser beam cutting .34 F.2 Laser beam dril

21、ling .35 F.3 Laser beam surface treatment .36 F.4 Laser beam cladding characteristics 37 F.5 Laser beam marking and engraving37 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Wed Apr 12 08:50:08 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 1011-6:2005 (E) 4 Foreword This European Standard (EN 1011-6:2005) has been prepared

22、 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 “Welding”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdr

23、awn at the latest by June 2006. This standard is composed of the following parts: Part 1: General guidance for arc welding; Part 2: Arc welding of ferritic steels; Part 3: Arc welding of stainless steels; Part 4: Arc welding of aluminium and aluminium alloys; Part 5: Welding of clad steel; Part 6: L

24、aser beam welding; Part 7: Electron beam welding; Part 8: Welding of cast irons (prepared by CEN/TC 190). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech

25、Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Wed Apr 12 08:50:08 BST 2006, U

26、ncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 1011-6:2005 (E) 5 Introduction This standard is being issued in several parts in order that it can be extended to cover the different types of metallic materials that will be produced to all European Standards for weldable metallic materials. When this European Standard i

27、s referenced for contractual purposes the ordering authority or contracting parties should state the need for compliance with the relevant parts of this standard and such other annexes as are appropriate. This European Standard gives general guidance for the satisfactory production and control of we

28、lding and associated processes and details of some of the possible detrimental phenomena that can occur, with advice on methods by which they can be avoided. It is generally applicable to laser beam processing of metallic materials and also to some extent for non-metallic materials. It is appropriat

29、e regardless of the type of fabrication involved, although the relevant product standard, structural code or the design specification can have additional requirements. Permissible design stresses, methods of testing and inspection levels are not included because they depend on the service conditions

30、 of the fabrication. These details should be obtained from the relevant application standard or by agreement between the contracting parties. It has been assumed in the drafting of the standard that the execution of its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified, experienced and trained pers

31、onnel. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Wed Apr 12 08:50:08 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 1011-6:2005 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard gives general guidance for laser beam welding and associated processes of metallic materials in all forms of product (e.g. cast, wrought, extruded, forged).

32、 NOTE Some guidance on laser beam cutting, drilling, surface treatment and cladding is given in Annex F. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated refere

33、nces, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3834-2, Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials Part 2: Comprehensive quality requirements (ISO 3834-2:2005) EN ISO 3834-5, Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materia

34、ls - Part 5: Documents with which it is necessary to confirm to claim conformity to the quality requirements of ISO 3834-2, ISO 3834-3 or ISO 3834-4 (ISO 3834-5:2005) EN ISO 11145:2001, Optics and optical instruments Lasers and laser-related equipment Vocabulary and symbols (ISO 11145:2001) EN ISO 1

35、5609-4, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials Welding procedure specification Part 4: Laser beam welding (ISO 15609-4:2004) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 11145:2001 apply. 4 Health

36、and safety and protection of the environment A general checklist on protection of the environment in welding and allied processes is in preparation by CEN/TC 121. It will cover laser applications. Laser beam processing introduces additional hazards over and above those normally experienced in arc we

37、lding. Specialist advice should be sought, see e.g. EN 60825-1 and EN ISO 11553-1. Guidance for safety aspects related to the application of industrial robots for manipulation of the focussing devices and/or the components to be welded can be found in EN 775. 5 Quality requirements Laser beam weldin

38、g is a complex process needing detailed process control. All processing is performed under numerical control necessitating programming of each single operation. The application has to be controlled at a level compatible with EN ISO 3834-2 and EN ISO 3834-5. NOTE This does not entail a requirement fo

39、r certification but the process control should operate in accordance with EN ISO 3834-2 and EN ISO 3834-5. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Wed Apr 12 08:50:08 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 1011-6:2005 (E) 7 It is a condition for efficient process control that quality requirements for joint geo

40、metry and other relevant requirements have been specified prior to start of fabrication. A number of European Standards specify joint geometry and relevant quality criteria and can be used for reference, as appropriate: Table 1 Quality criteria Requirements and tolerances Standard no. Quality requir

41、ements to beam welded joints EN ISO 13919-1 EN ISO 13919-2 Quality requirements for cut surfaces EN ISO 9013 General tolerances EN ISO 13920 General requirements EN ISO 3834-2 and EN ISO 3834-5 specify provisions for information and items to be agreed and specified prior to the start of fabrication.

42、 EN 1011-1:1998, Annex A can be used as a guide in case EN ISO 3834-2 and EN ISO 3834-5 are not called for. 6 Equipment 6.1 General Information about particular equipment for laser beam processing has to be found in information from the supplier. A number of textbooks and a large number of articles

43、provide background information. Annex A provides some very general information on principles and techniques. Annex B provides general information on the properties of laser beams. 6.2 Provisions for acceptance testing Provisions for acceptance of laser beam equipment are found in the following stand

44、ards, see Table 2. Table 2 Provisions for acceptance testing Type of equipment Standard no. CO2laser beam equipment EN ISO 15616-1, EN ISO 15616-2 and/or EN ISO 15616-3 Nd:YAG laser equipment EN ISO 22827-1, EN ISO 22827-2 6.3 Provisions for maintenance and calibration Provisions for maintenance are

45、 not standardised. The suppliers manuals have to be consulted. Principles for calibration, verification and validation and minimum requirements are specified in EN ISO 17662. 7 Qualification of welding personnel The requirements for the qualification of personnel for fully mechanised and automatic w

46、elding and allied processes are laid down in EN 1418. Among the different procedures specified in this European Standard, the functional test is particularly suitable as a basis for qualification of personnel responsible for the operation and set-up of laser beam processing. In a functional test, th

47、e operator or setter demonstrates his/her knowledge of working with a procedure specification and of setting, supervising and checking the laser beam processing machine. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Wed Apr 12 08:50:08 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 1011-6:2005 (E) 8 8 Welding procedure spec

48、ification All details for the laser beam welding of components are to be recorded in a welding procedure specification (WPS) according to EN ISO 15609-4. Procedure specification for cutting, drilling, surface treatment and cladding are not standardised. EN ISO 15609-4 can, however, give some guidanc

49、e. 9 Welding procedure test Formal qualification of all procedures for laser processing is recommended for all applications and required for many applications. Qualification of procedures for laser beam welding (when required) can be performed by procedure testing, see EN ISO 15614-11. Qualification by pre-production testing can also be relevant, however, see EN ISO 15613. Qualification by pre-production testing is common practice for cutting, drilling and surface treatment. EN ISO 15613 can give some guidance. Qualification of procedures for