BS EN 1052-1-1999 Methods of test for masonry - Determination of compressive strength《砖石工程的试验方法 压缩强度的测定》.pdf

1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1052-1:1999 The Eur

2、opean Standard EN 1052-1:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 91.080.30 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Methods of test for masonry Part 1: Determination of compressive strengthBS EN 1052-1:1999 This British Standard, having been prepared under the dir

3、ection of the Sector Committee for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 January 1999 BSI 01-1999 ISBN 0 580 30735 2 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected National foreword This British Stand

4、ard is the English language version of EN 1052-1:1998. It is intended that it will partially supersede BS 5628, Code of practice for use of masonry, BS 5628-1:1992, Structural use of unreinforced masonry, the equivalent masonry test method of which will be withdrawn on 30 September 2000 if all of th

5、e European Standards included in the proposed package of standards, upon which EN 1052-1 is reliant, are available. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/519, Masonry and associated testing, to Subcommittee B/519/4, Tests, which has the responsibility to: aid

6、 enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represente

7、d on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondenc

8、e Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of its

9、elf confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover.CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r No

10、rmung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1052-1:1998 E EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1052-1 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM September 1998 ICS 91.080.30 Descript

11、ors: masonry work, structural members, mechanical tests, determination, compressive strength English version Methods of test for masonry Part 1: Determination of compressive strength Me thodes dessai de la maonnerie Partie 1: De termination de la re sistance a la compression Pru fverfahren fu r Maue

12、rwerk Teil 1: Bestimmung der Druckfestigkeit This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 September 1998 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterat

13、ion. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translat

14、ion under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Ita

15、ly, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.Page 2 EN 1052-1:1998 BSI 01-1999 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 125, Masonry, the Secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given

16、the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 1999, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2000. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European C

17、ommission and the European Free Trade Association and supports the essential requirements of the EU Construction Products Directive (89/106/EEC) and includes the performance requirements referred to in the Eurocode for masonry structures. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the nation

18、al standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Con

19、tents Page Foreword 2 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Principle 3 4 Definitions and symbols 3 5 Material 4 6 Apparatus 4 7 Preparation of specimens 4 8 Procedure 5 9 Calculations 6 10 Evaluation of results 6 11 Test report 7 Annex A (normative) Adjustment of mean compressive strength 8Page 3 EN

20、 1052-1:1998 BSI 01-1999 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method for determining the compressive strength of masonry. Guidance is given on the preparation of the specimens, the conditioning required before testing, the testing machine, the method of test, the method of calculation and the

21、contents of the test report. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subse

22、quent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. prEN 772-1, Methods of test for masonry units Part 1: Determination o

23、f compressive strength. prEN 772-10, Methods of test for masonry units Part 10: Determination of moisture content of calcium silicate and autoclaved aerated concrete masonry units. prEN 998-2, Specification for mortar for masonry Part 2: Masonry mortar. prEN 1015-3, Methods of test for mortar for ma

24、sonry Part 3: Determination of consistence of fresh mortar (by flow table). prEN 1015-7, Methods of test for mortar for masonry Part 7: Determination of air content of fresh mortar. prEN 1015-11, Methods of test for mortar for masonry Part 11: Determination of flexural and compressive strength of ha

25、rdened mortar. 3 Principle The compressive strength of masonry perpendicular to the bed joints is derived from the strength of small masonry specimens, tested to destruction. The materials, construction and bonding pattern should correspond to those used in practice. The specimens are loaded uniform

26、ly in compression. The maximum load (F max ) achieved is recorded. The characteristic compressive strength of the masonry is derived from the strengths of the individual specimens. If the units, or the mortar, do not achieve the exact strengths specified, then it is permissible to adjust the measure

27、d values in accordance with annex A within the specified range. Any such adjustment should be clearly indicated in the test report. 4 Definitions and symbols 4.1 Definitions For the purpose of this standard the following definitions apply. 4.1.1 masonry an assemblage of masonry units laid in a speci

28、fied bonding pattern and jointed together with mortar 4.1.2 compressive strength of masonry the strength of masonry in compression without the effects of loading restraint, slenderness or eccentricity of loading 4.2 Symbols A i is the loaded cross-section of an individual masonry specimen, (mm 2 ) E

29、 is the mean modulus of elasticity, (N/mm 2 ) E i is the modulus of elasticity of an individual masonry specimen, (N/mm 2 ) F i,max is the maximum load reached on an individual masonry specimen, (N) f is the mean compressive strength of the masonry, (N/mm 2 ) f i is the compressive strength of an in

30、dividual masonry specimen, (N/mm 2 ) f i,min is the smallest compressive strength of an individual masonry specimen, (N/mm 2 ) f id is the adjusted individual masonry compressive strength, (N/mm 2 ) f id,min is the smallest adjusted compressive strength of an individual masonry specimen, (N/mm 2 ) f

31、 k is the characteristic compressive strength of the masonry, (N/mm 2 ) f b is the mean compressive strength of masonry units at the time of the masonry test, (N/mm 2 ) f bd is the specified mean compressive strength of the masonry units, (N/mm 2 ) f d is the mean adjusted compressive strength of th

32、e masonry, (N/mm 2 ) f m is the mean compressive strength of the mortar at time of the masonry test, (N/mm 2 ) f md is the specified mean compressive strength of the mortar, (N/mm 2 ) h s is the height of the specimen, (mm) h u is the height of the masonry unit, (mm) l s is the length of the specime

33、n, (mm) l u is the length of the masonry unit, (mm) t s is the thickness of the specimen, (mm) t u is the width of the masonry unit, (mm) e i is the mean strain in an individual masonry specimen at one third of the maximum strength achieved.Page 4 EN 1052-1:1998 BSI 01-1999 5 Material 5.1 Masonry un

34、its 5.1.1 Sampling All of the masonry units for individual tests and for making the masonry specimens shall be taken from the same consignment. 5.1.2 Conditioning of the units The conditioning of masonry units shall be as specified: Record the method of conditioning the units prior to laying. Record

35、 the age of non-autoclaved concrete units at the time of testing the masonry specimens. Measure the moisture content by mass of autoclaved aerated concrete and calcium silicate masonry units in accordance with prEN 772-10. 5.1.3 Testing Determine the compressive strength of a sample of masonry units

36、, using the method given in prEN 772-1. NOTE Where the strength of the masonry units will change with time, the compressive strength test should be carried out on the same day as the masonry test. 5.2 Mortar The mortar, its mixing procedure and its flow value shall conform with the requirements of p

37、rEN 998-2, unless otherwise specified, and these shall be reported in the test report. Take samples of mortar from the masons board to make mortar specimens and determine the flow value of fresh mortar in accordance with prEN 1015-3, the air-content of the fresh mortar in accordance with prEN 1015-7

38、 and the compressive strength of mortar in accordance with prEN 1015-11 at the time of testing the masonry specimens. 6 Apparatus A testing machine that will apply load to a specimen such that displacements are uniform across the loaded surfaces. If the platens of the testing machine are shorter tha

39、n the specimen to be tested, loading beams having a length greater than the length of the specimen and a depth greater than or equal to the length beyond the edge of the platens shall be used. The testing machine shall be fitted with a self-locking ball-seating. Table 1 Requirements for testing mach

40、ines Maximum permissible repeatability of forces as percentage of indicated force Maximum permissible mean error of forces as percentage of indicated force Maximum permissible error of zero force as percentage of maximum force of range % 2,0 2,0 0,4 7 Preparation of specimens 7.1 Masonry specimens U

41、se at least three specimens having the sizes given in Table 2 and Figure 1. If the expected height of the specimen in accordance with Table 2 is greater than 1 000 mm, it is allowable to reduce the dimensions of the specimen (except for those made with units having perforations perpendicular to the

42、direction of loading) by cutting the units used to make the bottom and the top courses provided that. a) l s $ 400 mm and l s $ l u . b) The specimens include at least one head joint in the central course centrally placed. c) The height of the cut portions of the units in the top and bottom courses

43、is not less than the thickness of the specimen (t s ). d) The original faces of the units shall be used for mortar joints. Table 2 Small specimen sizes for testing the compressive strength of masonry Face size of unit Masonry specimen size Length Height Thickness l u (mm) h u (mm) l s h s t s # 150

44、$ 5h u $ 3 t s and# 15t s and$ l s # 300 $ (23 l u ) $ t u 150 $ 3h u # 150 $ 5h u 300 $ (1,53 l u ) 150 $ 3h uPage 5 EN 1052-1:1998 BSI 01-1999 1 Displacement measurements Figure 1 Masonry specimen 7.2 Construction and curing of the specimens Build the specimens on a flat horizontal surface. Take a

45、ppropriate steps to prevent the test specimens from drying out during the first three days after construction e.g. by covering them with polyethylene sheets, after which time leave them uncovered in a laboratory environment. Ensure that the load distribution faces of the specimens are flat and paral

46、lel to one another and at right angles to the main axis of the specimen. This may be achieved for example by using steel plates, at the top and the bottom of the specimen, which have been milled flat on the machine side together, if necessary, with a thin compensating layer of a suitable material e.

47、g. gypsum plaster or an appropriate mortar. If each plate is not applied at the same time as the specimen is built, e.g. when the specimen is put into the testing machine, the mortar used for this purpose shall achieve at least the same strength as the mortar in the masonry at the time the masonry i

48、s tested. Test the specimens at an age at which the mortar compressive strength falls within the range of values given in column 3 of Table 3. Determine the compressive strength of the mortar in accordance with prEN 1015-11 at the age at which the specimens are tested. Alternatively if the masonry s

49、pecimens are to be tested at a set time, e.g. 28 days, the strength of the mortar shall be determined at that age of testing. 8 Procedure 8.1 Placing the specimens in the testing machine Place the specimen centrally in the testing machine. Ensure that both the top and bottom of the specimen are in full contact with the testing machine, if necessary using a thin compensating layer. 8.2 Loading Apply the load uniformly to the top and bottom of the specimen. Increase the load steadily so that failure is reached after 15 mi