1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Part 1: Test method for measurement of surface resistivityThe European Standard EN 1149-1:2006 has
2、the status of a British StandardICS 13.340.01Protective clothing Electrostatic properties BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 1149-1:2006BS EN 1149-1:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2006 BSI 2006ISBN 0 580 48503 XCross-reference
3、sThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Stan
4、dards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover,
5、 an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 11 and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsA list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on
6、request to its secretary. present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.National forewordThis British Stan
7、dard is the official English language version of EN 1149-1:2006. It supersedes BS EN 1149-1:1996 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PH/3, Protective clothing, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text;EUROPEAN S
8、TANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 1149-1June 2006ICS 13.340.01 Supersedes EN 1149-1:1995 English VersionProtective clothing - Electrostatic properties - Part 1: Testmethod for measurement of surface resistivityVtements de protection - Proprits lectrostatiques -Partie 1: Mthode dessai pour la r
9、sistivit de surfaceSchutzkleidung - Elektrostatische Eigenschaften - Teil 1:Prfverfahren fr die Messung desOberflchenwiderstandesThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 May 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for givi
10、ng this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions
11、 (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus,
12、 Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUR
13、OPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1149-1:2006: EEN 1149-1:2006 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4
14、 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Test method5 4.1 Principle5 4.2 Apparatus .5 4.2.1 Electrodes.5 4.2.2 Flat base plate5 4.2.3 Ohmmeter .6 4.2.4 Cleaning agent .6 4.3 Specimen and conditioning6 4.3.1 Pre-treatment6 4.3.2 Specimen or garment 6 4.3.3 Conditioning and tes
15、ting atmosphere.6 4.4 Procedure .6 4.4.1 Cleaning6 4.4.2 Insulation test of the flat base plate.7 4.4.3 Testing 7 4.4.4 Test setup.8 4.5 Calculation and expression of results.9 5 Test report 9 Annex A (informative) Significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition
16、 .10 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 89/686/EEC relating to Personal Protective Equipment.11 EN 1149-1:2006 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1149-1:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 162 “Protective
17、clothing including hand and arm protection and lifejackets”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2006, and conflicting national standa
18、rds shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2006. This document supersedes EN 1149-1:1995. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship wi
19、th EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. EN 1149 consists of the following parts, under the general title “Protective clothing Electrostatic properties“: Part 1: Test method for measurement of surface resistivity Part 2: Test method for measurement of
20、 the electrical resistance through a material (vertical resistance) Part 3: Test methods for measurement of charge decay Part 5: Performance requirements1According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this Eur
21、opean Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. 1Th
22、is document is under development. EN 1149-1:2006 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard is part of a series of test methods and requirements for electrostatic properties of protective clothing. Different parts are necessary, because of the various fields of application and materials. The method o
23、f this European Standard is most appropriate for materials for which the electrostatic dissipative behaviour is based on surface conductivity. It determines resistance over short distances and may not be appropriate for evaluating full garments. EN 1149-1:2006 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard sp
24、ecifies a test method for materials intended to be used in the manufacturing of electrostatic dissipative protective clothing (or gloves) to avoid incendiary discharge. This test method is not applicable for materials to be used in the manufacturing of protection clothing or gloves against mains vol
25、tages. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 340:2003, Protec
26、tive clothing General requirements 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 surface resistance resistance in ohm () as determined by using specified electrodes placed on the surface of the material 3.2 surface resistivity resistance in
27、 ohm () between opposite edges of a square of the material along the surface of the material NOTE The surface resistivity is independent of the electrode dimensions and is calculated by multiplying the measured surface resistance by an appropriate factor. 4 Test method 4.1 Principle The specimen is
28、placed on an insulating base plate and an electrode assembly is rested on the specimen. A DC potential is applied to the electrode assembly and the resistance of the fabric is measured. 4.2 Apparatus 4.2.1 Electrodes The electrodes shall consist of a cylindrical and an annular electrode which are ar
29、ranged concentrically with each other. The electrodes made of stainless steel are shown in Figure 1. The insulation resistance between the inner and the outer electrode shall be not less than 1014 when determined in accordance with the method described in 4.4.2. 4.2.2 Flat base plate A flat base pla
30、te shall consist of insulating material of surface resistivity not less than 1014 (see 4.4.2), of a thickness between 1 mm and 10 mm and it shall be larger than the overall dimensions of the electrode. This plate is used as a support for the specimen during the measurement, and is rested in turn on
31、an earthed conducting surface, e.g. metal plate. EN 1149-1:2006 (E) 6 4.2.3 Ohmmeter Ohmmeter with a range of 105 to 1014; and an accuracy of 5 % for 1012 and 20 % for 1012. 4.2.4 Cleaning agent Use an appropriate cleaning agent, e.g. propan-2-ol or ethanol. WARNING Propan-2-ol and ethanol are highl
32、y flammable and harmful to health. Avoid breathing the vapour and contact with skin, eyes and clothing. 4.3 Specimen and conditioning 4.3.1 Pre-treatment The specimen shall be pre-treated according to the manufacturers instructions including the number of cleaning cycles or otherwise undergo five cy
33、cles of cleaning according to 5.4 of EN 340:2003. NOTE This pre-treatment is superfluous for garments not intended for cleaning (e.g. for single use garments). 4.3.2 Specimen or garment Five test specimens shall be cut each of size between the overall dimensions of the electrodes and of the base pla
34、te either from the roll material or cut from the garment. If an uncut garment shall be tested, then measurements shall be made at five different suitable places on the garment. The specimen shall not contain seams. Handle the specimens only at the edges to avoid contamination. The specimens shall be
35、 from the same production lots of the materials that have been used for the manufacture of the delivery sample of the protective clothing. 4.3.3 Conditioning and testing atmosphere The specimen shall be conditioned for at least 24 h prior to testing and shall be tested in the following atmosphere: a
36、ir temperature: (23 1) C; relative humidity: (25 5) %. NOTE The surface resistance of materials can depended to a large degree on relative humidity. The lower the relative humidity the higher the surface resistance. 4.4 Procedure 4.4.1 Cleaning Clean the lower surfaces of the electrodes and the uppe
37、r surface of the base plate by wiping with a paper tissue which has been moistened with one of the cleaning agents (see 4.2.4). The electrodes shall be dried to the air. EN 1149-1:2006 (E) 7 4.4.2 Insulation test of the flat base plate Carry out a blank test using the procedure given in 4.4.3 but wi
38、th no specimen in position. Calculate the resistivity of the insulating material and check that it meets the requirements of 4.2.2. 4.4.3 Testing Place the test specimen on the base plate with the surface to be tested uppermost and rest the electrode assembly on top of the specimen. Connect the elec
39、trodes as shown in Figure 1. Apply a potential of (100 5) V and after (15 1) s determine the resistance using the ohmmeter. If the resistance is less than 105 an appropriate low voltage may be applied and shall be mentioned in the test report. If necessary, resistances of below 105 may be determined
40、 by measuring the current through a suitable ammeter connected in series with the specimen and calculating the ratio of the applied potential to the current. Repeat this procedure on the four other test specimens or on four different places on the garment. EN 1149-1:2006 (E) 8 4.4.4 Test setup Dimen
41、sions in millimetres Key 1 test electrode 2 insulating disc 3 guard plate 4 coaxial plug-in connection 5 annular electrode 6 insulating ring 7 screening ring 8 connector 9 base plate 10 sampleFigure 1 Assembly, dimensions and measuring circuit of electrodes EN 1149-1:2006 (E) 9 4.5 Calculation and e
42、xpression of results Calculate the surface resistivity in ohm () for each of the five values of resistance using the equation: = k R where is the calculated surface resistivity, in ohm (); R is the measured resistance, in ohm (); k is the geometrical factor of the electrode, for this electrode the f
43、actor is 19,8. NOTE 1 The factor k is calculated using the following equation: k = 2 / loge(r2/r1) where r1is the radius of the inner electrode, in millimetres; r2is the inner radius of the outer electrode, in millimetres. Determine the geometrical mean of these five values. NOTE 2 The described met
44、hod has shown a spreading of results between different test houses up to a factor of 10. When the measured surface resistance lies under 1010 the spreading of results is less. NOTE 3 The geometrical mean is the 5throot of the product of the five measured values. 5 Test report The test report should
45、include at least the following information: a) reference to this European Standard, EN 1149-1; b) date of testing; c) atmosphere for conditioning and testing; d) description and number of test samples and specimens; e) the individual and geometrical mean values of surface resistance and surface resi
46、stivity of each sample tested; f) any observations or deviations from this European Standard. EN 1149-1:2006 (E) 10 Annex A (informative) Significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition This European Standard includes the following significant technical changes
47、compared to the previous edition: a) Requirements for electrostatic dissipative protective clothing are outside the scope of the standard; b) Clause 4 “Requirements” including performance and design requirements has been deleted; c) Clause 5 “Test report” has been added; d) Annex A “Explanation” has
48、 been deleted. EN 1149-1:2006 (E) 11 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 89/686/EEC relating to Personal Protective Equipment This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
49、 and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 89/686/EEC. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard, together with the relevant requirements given in the product standards, confer
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